Transformational Grammar Ashley is washing her truck, isn’t she? Marsh should wash his too,...

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Transformational Grammar

• Ashley is washing her truck, isn’t she?• Marsh should wash his too, shouldn’t he?

Transformational Grammar

• Hunter has finally stopped smoking, ____?

Transformational Grammar

• Hunter has finally stopped smoking, ____?• Today’s students are not reading as much,

___?

Transformational Grammar

• Hunter has finally stopped smoking, ____?• Today’s students are not reading as much,

___?• Sarah finished her work ahead of schedule,

___?

Transformational Grammar

• Hunter has finally stopped smoking, ____?• Today’s students are not reading as much,

___?• Sarah finished her work ahead of schedule,

___?• Ellie and Kevin are good runners, ___?

Transformational Grammar

• Hunter has finally stopped smoking, ____?• Today’s students are not reading as much,

___?• Sarah finished her work ahead of schedule,

___?• Ellie and Kevin are good runners, ___?• Erin is a good runner, too, ___?

Transformational Grammar

• Hunter has finally stopped smoking, ____?• Today’s students are not reading as much,

___?• Sarah finished her work ahead of schedule,

___?• Ellie and Kevin are good runners, ___?• Erin is a good runner, too, ___?• She consistently turns in good times, ___?

Transformational Grammar

• Hunter should stop smoking, ___?

• Hunter ought to stop smoking, ___?

• Hunter may stop smoking, ___?

Transformational Grammar

The There Transformation:

There’s a fly in my soup.

There is an error message on the computer screen.

Transformational Grammar

The There Transformation:

There’s a fly in my soup.a fly is in my soup (There).

There is an error message on the computer screen.

an error message is on the computer screen (There).

Transformational Grammar

The There Transformation:

Unstressed “There”: ExpletiveThere’s a piece of the jigsaw puzzle

missing.Stressed “There”: Adverb

There it is, on the floor.

Transformational Grammar

The There Transformation:

Subject-Verb Agreement Rule Breaker:

There was some great blocking and some fine running and passing in Friday’s game.

Transformational Grammar

The There Transformation:

Subject-Verb Agreement Rule Breaker:

There was some great blocking and some fine running and passing in Friday’s game.

Transformational Grammar

The There Transformation:

Subject-Verb Agreement Rule Breaker:

some great blocking and some fine running and passing was in Friday’s game (There).

Transformational Grammar

The There Transformation:

Subject-Verb Agreement Rule Breaker:

some great blocking and some fine running and passing was in Friday’s game (There).

Transformational Grammar

The There Transformation:

Diagram:

There’s a gravy-like substance dripping from Mr. Dougherty’s forehead.

Transformational Grammar

The There Transformation:

Without a form of BE:

There came from the class a groan at the sight of the quiz.

Transformational Grammar

The It Cleft:

Dr. Habowski wrecked his motorcycle in Refton over the weekend.

Transformational Grammar

The It Cleft:

Dr. Habowski wrecked his motorcycle in Refton over the weekend.

Transformational Grammar

The It Cleft:

Dr. Habowski wrecked his motorcycle in Refton over the weekend.

Transformational Grammar

The It Cleft:

Dr. Habowski wrecked his motorcycle in Refton over the weekend.

Transformational Grammar

The It Cleft:

Dr. Habowski wrecked his motorcycle in Refton over the weekend.

It was over the weekend that Dr. Habowski wrecked his motorcycle.

Transformational Grammar

The It Cleft:

Dr. Habowski wrecked his motorcycle in Refton over the weekend.

It was in Refton that Dr. Habowski wrecked his motorcycle.

Transformational Grammar

The It Cleft:

Dr. Habowski wrecked his motorcycle in Refton over the weekend.

It was his motorcycle that Dr. Habowski wrecked in Refton over the weekend.

Transformational Grammar

The It Cleft:

Dr. Habowski wrecked his motorcycle in Refton over the weekend.

It was Dr. Habowski who wrecked his motorcycle in Refton over the weekend.

Transformational Grammar

The It Cleft:

Diagram:

It was during lunch that Chaz had an eruption of his intense peanut allergy.

Transformational Grammar

Do you see the difference?

It cleft:It was during lunch that Chaz had an eruption of his intense peanut allergy.

Anticipatory It: It was obvious that Chaz had an eruption of his intense peanut allergy.

Transformational Grammar

Do you see the difference?

It cleft:It was during lunch that Chaz had an eruption of his intense peanut allergy.

Anticipatory It: It was obvious that Chaz had an eruption of his intense peanut allergy.

Transformational Grammar

Do you see the difference?

It cleft:Chaz had an eruption of his intense peanut allergy during lunch. (It was that)

Anticipatory It: It (That Chaz had an eruption of his intense peanut allergy) was obvious.

Transformational Grammar

The What Cleft:

What Dr. Habowski wrecked was his motorcycle.

Transformational Grammar

The What Cleft:

What Dr. Habowski wrecked was his motorcycle.

Dr. Habowski wrecked his motorcycle. (What was)

Transformational Grammar

The What Cleft:

What caused the accident was a small child in the road.

Transformational Grammar

The What Cleft:

What caused the accident was a small child in the road.

A small child in the road caused the accident. (What was)

Transformational Grammar

The What Cleft:

What reduced the visibility to zero was the thick fog.

Transformational Grammar

The What Cleft:

What reduced the visibility to zero was the thick fog.

Thick fog reduced the visibility to zero. (What was)

Transformational Grammar

The What Cleft:

Diagram:

What is causing the malfunction in your computer is the unnatural amount of gum and Vick’s Vap-O-Rub in the keyboard.

Transformational Grammar

The What Cleft:

Diagram: (Transformed)

What is causing the malfunction in your computer is the unnatural amount of gum and Vick’s Vap-O-Rub in the keyboard.

Transformational Grammar

The What Cleft:

Diagram: (Transformed)

What is.the unnatural amount of gum and Vick’s Vap-O-

Rub in the keyboard is causing the malfunction in your computer

Transformational Grammar

• Lauren is washing her truck, isn’t she?• Marsh should wash his too, shouldn’t he?

Transformational Grammar

• Emily has finally stopped smoking, ____?

Transformational Grammar

• Emily has finally stopped smoking, ____?• Today’s students are not reading as much,

___?

Transformational Grammar

• Emily has finally stopped smoking, ____?• Today’s students are not reading as much,

___?• Sarah finished her work ahead of schedule,

___?

Transformational Grammar

• Emily has finally stopped smoking, ____?• Today’s students are not reading as much,

___?• Sarah finished her work ahead of schedule,

___?• Danielle and Adam are good runners, ___?

Transformational Grammar

• Emily has finally stopped smoking, ____?• Today’s students are not reading as much,

___?• Sarah finished her work ahead of schedule,

___?• Danielle and Adam are good runners, ___?• Erin is a good runner, too, ___?

Transformational Grammar

• Emily has finally stopped smoking, ____?• Today’s students are not reading as much,

___?• Sarah finished her work ahead of schedule,

___?• Danielle and Adam are good runners, ___?• Erin is a good runner, too, ___?• She consistently turns in good times, ___?

Transformational Grammar

• Emily should stop smoking, ___?

• Emily ought to stop smoking, ___?

• Emily may stop smoking, ___?

Transformational Grammar

The There Transformation:

There’s a fly in my soup.

There is an error message on the computer screen.

Transformational Grammar

The There Transformation:

There’s a fly in my soup.a fly is in my soup (There).

There is an error message on the computer screen.

an error message is on the computer screen (There).

Transformational Grammar

The There Transformation:

Unstressed “There”: ExpletiveThere’s a piece of the jigsaw puzzle

missing.Stressed “There”: Adverb

There it is, on the floor.

Transformational Grammar

The There Transformation:

Subject-Verb Agreement Rule Breaker:

There was some great blocking and some fine running and passing in Friday’s game.

Transformational Grammar

The There Transformation:

Subject-Verb Agreement Rule Breaker:

There was some great blocking and some fine running and passing in Friday’s game.

Transformational Grammar

The There Transformation:

Subject-Verb Agreement Rule Breaker:

some great blocking and some fine running and passing was in Friday’s game (There).

Transformational Grammar

The There Transformation:

Subject-Verb Agreement Rule Breaker:

some great blocking and some fine running and passing was in Friday’s game (There).

Transformational Grammar

The There Transformation:

Diagram:

There’s a gravy-like substance dripping from Mr. Dougherty’s forehead.

Transformational Grammar

The There Transformation:

Without a form of BE:

There came from the class a groan at the sight of the quiz.

Transformational Grammar

The It Cleft:

Dr. Habowski wrecked his motorcycle in Refton over the weekend.

Transformational Grammar

The It Cleft:

Dr. Habowski wrecked his motorcycle in Refton over the weekend.

Transformational Grammar

The It Cleft:

Dr. Habowski wrecked his motorcycle in Refton over the weekend.

Transformational Grammar

The It Cleft:

Dr. Habowski wrecked his motorcycle in Refton over the weekend.

Transformational Grammar

The It Cleft:

Dr. Habowski wrecked his motorcycle in Refton over the weekend.

It was over the weekend that Dr. Habowski wrecked his motorcycle.

Transformational Grammar

The It Cleft:

Dr. Habowski wrecked his motorcycle in Refton over the weekend.

It was in Refton that Dr. Habowski wrecked his motorcycle.

Transformational Grammar

The It Cleft:

Dr. Habowski wrecked his motorcycle in Refton over the weekend.

It was his motorcycle that Dr. Habowski wrecked in Refton over the weekend.

Transformational Grammar

The It Cleft:

Dr. Habowski wrecked his motorcycle in Refton over the weekend.

It was Dr. Habowski who wrecked his motorcycle in Refton over the weekend.

Transformational Grammar

The It Cleft:

Diagram:

It was during lunch that Tom had an eruption of his intense peanut allergy.

Transformational Grammar

Do you see the difference?

It cleft:It was during lunch that Tom had an eruption of his intense peanut allergy.

Anticipatory It: It was obvious that Tom had an eruption of his intense peanut allergy.

Transformational Grammar

Do you see the difference?

It cleft:It was during lunch that Tom had an eruption of his intense peanut allergy.

Anticipatory It: It was obvious that Tom had an eruption of his intense peanut allergy.

Transformational Grammar

Do you see the difference?

It cleft:Tom had an eruption of his intense peanut allergy during lunch. (It was that)

Anticipatory It: It (That Tom had an eruption of his intense peanut allergy) was obvious.

Transformational Grammar

The What Cleft:

What Dr. Habowski wrecked was his motorcycle.

Transformational Grammar

The What Cleft:

What Dr. Habowski wrecked was his motorcycle.

Dr. Habowski wrecked his motorcycle. (What was)

Transformational Grammar

The What Cleft:

What caused the accident was a small child in the road.

Transformational Grammar

The What Cleft:

What caused the accident was a small child in the road.

A small child in the road caused the accident. (What was)

Transformational Grammar

The What Cleft:

What reduced the visibility to zero was the thick fog.

Transformational Grammar

The What Cleft:

What reduced the visibility to zero was the thick fog.

Thick fog reduced the visibility to zero. (What was)

Transformational Grammar

The What Cleft:

Diagram:

What is causing the malfunction in your computer is the unnatural amount of gum and Vick’s Vap-O-Rub in the keyboard.

Transformational Grammar

The What Cleft:

Diagram: (Transformed)

What is causing the malfunction in your computer is the unnatural amount of gum and Vick’s Vap-O-Rub in the keyboard.

Transformational Grammar

The What Cleft:

Diagram: (Transformed)

What is.the unnatural amount of gum and Vick’s Vap-O-

Rub in the keyboard is causing the malfunction in your computer

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