Toy Design Presentation -FLYING UFO FROM A TOY FAN VIA REMOTE CONTROL MECHANISM OF THE CAR

ED TOY REPORT

FLYING UFO FROM TOY FAN VIA REMOTE CONTROL MECHANISM

OF CAR

HIMANSHU GUPTA071418

METALLURGY

ULTIMATELY MODIFIED TOY

INITIAL TOY--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I WOULD LIKE TO EXPRESS MY GRATITUDE TO ALL THOSE WHO GAVE ME

THE POSSIBILITY TO COMPLETE THIS PROJECT. I WOULD THANK GOD

FOR GIVING ME THE PATIENCE AND STRENGTH TO WORK ON THIS

PROJECT. I HAVE FURTHERMORE TO THANK MY FAMILY FOR

SUPPORTING ME.

I AM DEEPLY INDEBTED TO MY TEACHER “NITIN KUMAR SIR” WHOSE

GUIDANCE, HELP IN STIMULATING THE DESIGN AND ENCOURAGEMENT

HELPED ME IN ALL THE TIME IN COMPLETION OF THE PROJECT.

INITIAL TOY AND

IDEA PROPELLORS

HAND FAN---THIS IS A SIMPLE TOY FAN USED BY SMALL CHILDREN.IN THIS THE STEM OF THE FAN IS RUBBED B/W THE HANDS AND THEN LEFT .THE FAN FLIES AND ROTATES FOR SOME TIME IN THE AIR.

STEM OF THE TOY FAN

BLADE

SIMPLE TOY COPTER

FLYING SAUCER WHICH FLIES IN THE AIR

ELASTIC TARGET WHICH CAN BE PULLED OUT

MECHANICAL LAUNCHER

IN THIS TOY THE SPIRAL DISC IS PLACED AND FIXED ON THE LAUNCHER .THEN THE ELASTIC HANDLE IS PULLED AWAY AND THE DISC IS LEFT WITH JERK,WHICH MAKES IT FLY.

WIRE WOUND

DISC LAUNCHER

CAR

WIRELESS REMOTE CONTROL

CAR

THE IDEA COMES FROM THE SIMPLE TOY FAN/COPTER AND THE SAUCER LAUNCHER.THE REMOTE CONTROL MECHANISM OF THE UFO HAS BEEN INCORPORATED AND MODIFIED FROM THE REMOTE CONTROLED CAR.I HAVE UTILIZED THE REMOTE IN SUCH A MANNER THAT THE SAME REMOTE WHICH WAS BEING USED FOR THE FORWARD MOTION OF THE CAR IS NOW USED FOR THE UPWARD LIFT,HOVERING AND DESCENT OF THE UFO.

ACTION ON THE REMOTE CONTROL

ACTION ON THE MOTOR(MOTOR COMMON TO BOTH CAR AND UFO)

EFFECT ON THE CAR

EFFECT ON MY TOY UFO

GREATER THE FORCE ONE APPLIES ON TRIGGER

MORE IS THE ACCELERATION PRODUCED IN THE ENGINE.

CAR WOULD ACCELERATE IN THE FORWARD DIRECTION

THE FAN/BLADE ROTATES WITH INCRESING SPEED.THE UFO GAINS LIFT AND PROPELS VERTICALLY UPWARDS. HARDER ONE PULLS THE TRIGGER; THE HIGHER THE UFO WOULD FLY.

IF WE KEEP HOLDING THE TRIGGER MIDWAY IN ONE PARTICULAR POSITION.

THE ENGINE WOULD ROTATE AT CONSTANT SPEED.

CAR WOULD MOVE AT A PARTICULAR SPEED IN THE FORWARD DIRECTION.

UFO HOVERS AT A PARTICULAR POSITION IN THE AIR AND KEEP ROTATING. ADJUST AND HOLD THE TRIGGER TO ALLOW THE UFO TO HOVER.

IF THE TRIGGER IS RELEASED AND LEFT.

THE ENGINE STOPS ROTATING.

CAR MOVES AHEAD ONLY DUE TO THE INITIAL MOMENTUM.

THE FAN STOPS WORKING ANDTHE UFO DESCENDS DOWN.RELEASE THE TRIGGER SLOWLY TO ALLOW THE UFO TO DESCEND OR LAND.

MATERIALS REQUIRED--

• THERMOCOLE• REMOTE CONTOL• AC ADAPTOR AND CHARGER• FAN/BLADES• RECIEVER CIRCUIT• RECHARGABLE BATTERY• LED’S(COLOURFUL)• CONNECTING WIRES• 9V BATTERY• NUTS AND BOLTS• PLASTIC GEARS• SMALL AND LIGHT SCREWS• ANTENNA• TRANSMITOR CIRCUIT

SPECIALLY CRAFTED LIFT PETALS (THE BODY OF THE UFO)

BIGGER DIAMETER RING(THE HELICAL VOLUME WHICH CAN HOLD PASSENGERS)

SMALL DIAMETRICAL HOLLOW THICK EDGED CYLINDER CONNECTED TO THE PETALS

CHARGING SOCKET

POWER SWITCH(ON/OFF)

YELLOW LED RED LEDFAN/BLADE/PROPELLOR

TOP VIEW OF THE FLYING U.F.O(UNIDENTIFIED FLYING OBJECT)

TRIGGER

POWER ON INDICATOR

ANTENNA

THRUST TRANSMITTER

THE PROPELLING BLADE

THE LIFT PROVIDERS(SPECIALLY CRAFTED BLADES AT THE AERODYNAMIC ANGLE)

THE SWEEPING PROPELLOR AT ITS BASE

AERODYNAMICS ESSENTIALS

DESIGNS INCORPORATED

• AERODYNAMIC DESIGNS• BLADES DESIGN• STRUCTURAL DESIGN• THE TWO WHEEL ARRANGEMENT DESIGN• RECHARGABLE BATTERY

AERODYNAMIC DESIGN

•BLADES DESIGN•STRUCTURAL DESIGN

SWEEPING BLADESSPECIALLY ANGLED PETALS

SPECIAL LENGTHOPTIMUM WEIGHTLIGHT BUT STURDYDURABLESPECIAL TYPE

HELICAL VOLUME

AS CAN BE SEEN IN FIGURE,THE BLADES ARE CUT IN SUCH A MANNER THAT WHEN THEY ROTATE THEY SWEEP THE AIR AND PUSH THE AIR UPWARDS WHICH IN TURN PUSH THE DESIGNED PETALS AND PROPELL THE STRUCTURE AS A WHOLE UPWARDS.

BLADES DESIGN

• MATERIAL CHOSEN IS THE STRONG AND LIGHT THERMOCOLE.AND DESIGNED TO SUCH A SHAPE,SIZE AND WEIGHT SO THAT IT COULD TAKE VERTICAL LIFT EASILY.

• THE PETALS ARE CUT AND DESIGNED AT AN ANGLE OF 45 DEGREES AND THIS PARTICULAR FASHION GIVES AN OPTIMUM PROPULSION AND MAXIMUM LIFT.THE SUPPORTING PETALS HOLD AND JOIN THE SMALL CENTRAL CYLINDER AND CONNECTS TO THE LARGER HELICAL RING AT BOTTOM

• THE TOP CYLINDER HOLDS THE LIGHT MACHINERY.• THE HELICAL ENCLOSED VOLUME CAN BE UTILIZED AS TRANSPORTATION SPACE.

HELICAL LARGER DIAMETRICAL RING

CYLINDRICAL TOP

PETALS

STRUCTURAL DESIGN

LIGHT WEIGHT MOTOR

THE GEAR EFFECIENCY TOOL

NOW THE MAIN CONSTRAINT IN THIS DESIGN IS THAT THE WEIGHT OF THE TOY SHOULD BE MINIMUM FOR OPTIMUM LIFT.FOR THIS THE MOTOR TO BE USED SOUGHT TO BE VERY LIGHT.BUT THEN THE PROBLEM WOULD BE THAT IT WON’T BE ABLE TO ROTATE THE BIG SIZE FANS/BLADES WITH HIGH SPEED.SO TO SOLVE THIS PROBLEM I HAVE DESIGNED A MECHANISM.THAT MECHANISM IS THAT ,TO THE SMALL GEAR OF THE MOTOR ATTATCH A LARGER WHEEL WITH MORE NUMBER OF TEETH.NOW THAT WOULD MEAN THE EFFECIENCY WOULD INCREASE BEACAUSE NOW WITH THE HELP OF THIS GEAR ARRANGEMENT A SMALL MOTOR WOULD ROTATE THE LARGE BLADES WITOUT COMROMISING THE WEIGHT .

THE TWO –WHEELARRANGEMENT

THE WHEEL WITH MULTIPLE TEETH

RECHARGABLE BATTERY

NOW FOR THE LIFTING OF THE UFO,I DO NEED A VOLTAGE SUPPLY SOURCE IN THE UFO BODY.NOW AGAIN IF I USE FOUR 1.5 VOLT CELLS ,THE BODY WOULD BECOME HEAVY.SO TO COUNTERACT THIS PROBLEM I HAVE USED RECHARGABLE BATTERIES WHICH ARE VERY LIGHT AND CAN BE EASILY RECHARGED AFTER USE.

CUSTOMER NEED STATEMENT TRANSLATED NED STATEMENT NEED A MACHINE THAT TAKES OFF VERTICALLY . I WOULD LIKE TO LAND IT ON THE ROOF OF MY BUILDING.SHOULD BE COST EFFECTIVE.SHOULD BE ECO-FRIENDLY.SHOULD OPERATE ON SOLAR MECHANISM.SHOULD HOVER IN THE AIR.SOMRTHING THAT CAN ACT AS AN OPTIMUMREPLACEMENT OF LIFT.SHOULD BE ATTRACTIVE IN LOOKS.SHOULD BE EASY TO OPERATE .REQUIERES LESS MAINTAINANCE.MAKES LESS SOUND WHILE OPERATING.EASILY REPLACABLE PARTS.

•CUSTOMER NEED STATEMENT •TRANSLATED NEED STATEMENT

• MACHINE THAT TAKES OFF VERTICALLY. • MADE TO OPERATE ON VERTICAL TAKEOFF MECHANISM.

•I WOULD LIKE TO LAND IT ON THE ROOF OF MY BUILDING.

•THE TOY IS MADE TO DESCEND VERY SMOOTHLY IN A CONTROLLED FASHION.

•IS COST EFFECTIVE. •GIVES MAXIMUM OUTPUT FOR MINIMUM INPUT.

•IS ECO-FRIENDLY. •OPERATES ON RECHARGABLE BATTERY MECHANISM.

• OPERATES ON SOLAR MECHANISM. •ATTATCHMENT OF SOLAR PANEL TO IT.

•I WOULD LOVE IT IF IT COULD HOVER IN THE AIR.

•INCULCATION OF THRUST PROPULSION MECHANISM.

•SOMETHING THAT CAN ACT AS AN OPTIMUM REPLACEMENT OF LIFT.

•LESS INFRASTRUCTURAL REQUIREMENTS.

• ATTRACTIVE IN LOOKS. •COLOUR AND THE ARRANGEMENT OF LED’S GIVE IT A VERY GOOD AESTHITIC LOOK.

•SHOULD BE EASY TO OPERATE . •EASY USER-FRIENDLY CONTROLS.

•REQUIERES LESS MAINTAINANCE. •MECHANISM IS NOT VERY COMPLEX.

•MAKES LESS SOUND WHILE OPERATING. •INTELLIGENT DESIGINING OF STRUCTURE.

•EASILY REPLACABLE PARTS. •MADE FROM BEST LOCALLY AVAILABLE PARTS.

OSBORNE’S CHECKLISTADAPTTHE TOY CAN ADAPT TO ANY ENVIRONMENT AND CAN HOVER SMOOTHLY. MODIFYIT IS POSSIBLE TO CHANGE THE DESIGN AND GEAR SYSTEM IF MORE EFFECTIVE MOVEMENT AND HOVERING IS REQUIRED. MAGNIFYTHE LANDING CAN BE MADE SMOOTHER BY INCULCATING A VERY INTELLIGENT GEAR DESIGN SYSTEM. MINIFYA LEFT AND RIGHT PROPULSION SYSTEM CAN EVEN MAKE IT CHANGE ITS DIRECTION. SUBSTITUTEINSTEAD OF THE PETAL DESIGN SYSTEM A FLAP WING MECHANISM CAN ALSO BE INCORPORATED.

Flying ufo

Q1. How to make the structure take lift

easily?

A11 Proper angle

orientation of the petals in the

structure.

A12. Proper designing of shape using

aerodynamic principles.

Q2. How to make the body structure light??

A21. Use of very light but durable material

like thermocole.

Q211. Will it be able to

sustain machinery in

the structure?

A2111. Yes. Use

rechargeable battery, thin screws, light motor and

light plastic.

Q3. How to ensure that UFO looks attractive?

A31. Use of colourful LEDs at proper positions.

DESIGN TREE

PROBABILITY OF REALIZATION P(Q1) = P(A11 OR A12)

= P(A11)+P(A12)-P(A11).P(A12) = 0.79 + 0.80 – (0.79).(0.80) = 0.96

P(Q2) = P(A21 AND A2111)

= P(A21).P(A2111) = 0.95 * 0.89 = 0.84

P(Q3) = P(A31) = 0.98

P(D) = P(Q1 AND Q2 AND Q3) = P(Q1).P(Q2).P(Q3) = 0.96*0.84*0.98 = 0.7902 Hence the probability of realization of the design is 79.02%

BRAIN STORMING PROBLEM : “TO KEEP THE WEIGHT OF THE SYSTEM LIGHT AND OPTIMUM.BRAIN STORMING SOLUTIONS:-1. Select a very light but durable material like thermocole.2. Use a very light motor which has a very high efficiency and good rpm. 3. Use of rechargeable battery instead of a 9V battery.4. Keep the mechanism simple.5. Light and small screws and nuts.6. Light plastic to hold the components.7. Use of very light and thin wires.8. Structural management techniques so as to get optimum outputs.9. Keep circuitry to its minimum.

I

PROBLEM:”THE UFO TOY DOESN’T TAKE LIFT EASILY.”BRAIN STORMING SOLUTIONS:1.Proper designing of shape using aerodynamic principle.2.Use of proper type of blades/rotatary fan of special type.3.Proper angle orientation of the petals in body structure.4.Keep weight light to its minimum.

PROBLEM:”UFO SHOULD LOOK ATTRACTIVE TO ADD TO ITS AESTHETIC SENSE.”BRAIN STORMING SOLUTIONS:1. Use of LED’S at proper positions.2. Use of colorful LED’S which gives the revolving effect.3. Use of LED’S at the bottom of the body.

RELIABILITY ANALYSISBY CONTINUOUS OPERATION OF THE FLYING UFO, IT HAS BEEN FOUND THAT THE TIME TO FAILURE OF VARIOUS PARTS ARE AS FOLLOWS-

HENCE, MTTF= 39000/6= 6500 C= 1/6500= 0.0001538 HENCE, THE RELIABILTY FOR 50 HRS OF FUNCTION IS e-ct = e-(0.0001538*50) = 99.23%.

S.No COMPONENT TIME TO FAILURE (hrs.)

1) MOTOR 2000

2) THERMOCOLE STRUCTURE 13000

3) LED’S 9000

4) CIRCUITARY 6000

5) SCREW SYSTEM 7000

6) REMOTE CONTROL 2000

NET PRESENT VALUECONSIDERING THAT THE TOY DESIGN GIVES A ONETIME CASH FLOW OF 100 RS. AFTER THE END OF 2 YEARS, THE PRESENT VALUE OF THE TOY CAN BE CALCULATED AS: PV= C/(1+R)WHERE, C IS THE CASH FLOW AFTER A CERTAIN TIMEAND, R IS THE RATE OF INTEREST (TAKEN AS 9.0%) HENCE, THE PRESENT VALUE OF THE DESIGN IS 100/(1.090)= 91.75 RS. THE INITIAL INVESTMENT DONE ON THE TOY = 90 RS. HENCE, THE NET PRESENT VALUE OF THE TOY ISPRESENT VALUE – INITIAL INVESTMENT= (91.75 – 90) RS.NPV = 1.75 RS.AS THE NPV IS POSITIVE HENCE, THE INVESTMENT IS GOOD AND SHOULD BE MADE AS IT IS PROFITABLE.

S.NO. COMPONENT FUNCTION FUNCTION(%)

COST(%)

VALUE(F/C)

1) BLADES PROVIDES ROTATORY LIFT

0.60 0.8 0.75

2) THERMOCOLESTRUCTURE

PROVIDES AERODYNAMIC DESIGN

0.80 0.9 0.89

3) MOTOR PROVIDES HIGH R.P.M

0.60 1.0 0.60

4) CIRCUITARY SYSTEM

PROVIDES TRANSMITTOR AND RECIEVER

0.60 0.8 0.75

VALUE ANALYSIS

BENCHMARKINGSAFETY 3

OPTIMUM USE OF DESIGN 3

HANDLING 3

DURABILTY 2

COST 3

WEIGHT 3

LOOKS 4

ERGONOMIC ANALYSISERGONOMIC ANALYSIS DEALS WITH THE STUDY OF MAKING THE DESIGN MORE USER FRIENDLY. THE AMOUNT OF WORK REQUIRED FROM THE CUSTOMER’S SIDE SHOULD BE AS LESS AS POSSIBLE AND THE WORKING OF THE DESIGN SHOULD BE SUCH THAT IT DOES NOT MAKE THE SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT UNCOMFORTABLE FOR THE CUSTOMER. IN THE GIVEN DESIGN, SOME POINTS OF THE ERGONOMIC ANALYSIS HAVE BEEN TAKEN CARE OF.

•THE LOOK GIVEN TO THE CAR IS SUCH THAT IT ACTUALLY LOOKS ATTRACTIVE LIKE A GADGET. THE LED ARRANGEMENT GIVES A SPENDOURFUL LOOK IN DARK.

•THE REMOTE CONTROL IS VERY USER-FRIENDLY AND IS VERY EASY AND ENJOYABLE TO OPERATE.

•THE GEAR SYSTEM IS VERY EASILY ASSEMBLED SO AS TO MAKE IT EASILY AND CHANGE WHENEVER GEAR RATIOS NEED TO BE CHANGED. THEN THE WHOLE THING CAN BE FIXED AGAIN.

BREAK EVEN POINTTHE COST FOR MY TOY IS RS 90. THE INCOME PER UNIT IS ABOUT RS 9 AND THE VARIABLE COST IS ABOUT RS 8.9. SO THE BREAKEVEN POINT COMES OUT TO BE: 90 / (9 – 8.9) = 900 HENCE, IF I SELL 900 TOYS, THE BREAKEVEN POINT WILL BE REACHED AND IT WILL BE THE NO PROFIT NO LOSS POINT, WHEN ALL MY INVESTMENTS WILL BE GAINED BACK AND ALL THE PRODUCTS SOLD AFTER THIS WILL YIELD PROFIT.

CONCEPTUALIZING UFO

•UFO CAN BE USED FOR LIFTING AND DESCENDING.•CAN BE USED FOR ACESSING HEIGHT(FOR EG,IT CAN BE USED FOR VAISHNO DEVI DARSHANS)•RECHARGABLE BATTERY MECHANISM MAKES IT ECO-FRIENDLY SINCE THERE IS NO FUEL CONSUMPTION.•CAN CARRY MORE PERSONS AT A SINGLE FLIGHT AS COMPARED TO HELICOPTER IN THE HELICAL VOLUME ENCLOSED.SO CAN BE USED AS A LIFT.•CAN ALSO BE A STEP TO THE TECHNOLOGY OF UAV(Unmanned Aerial Vehicle).

PERSONAL EXPERIENCE

OVERALL A GREAT LEARNING EXPERIENCE.

DISCOVERED MANY NEW FACTS ON HOW VARIOUS

ELECTRICAL,ELECTRONIC,AERODYNAMIC AND

MECHANICAL COMPONENTS WORK.

LEARNT HOW TO OPERATE A TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER

SET.

PERFORMED AERODYNAMICAL STRUCTURAL TRIALS FOR

OPTIMUM LIFT.

LIMITATIONS AND FAULTS

• CANNOT OPERATE IN WINDY ENVIRNMENT AS THEN THE TOY OVERTURNS.

• STRUCTURE CANNOT BE USED FOR HEAVY LOAD.

• RECHARGING REQUIRED FREQUENTLY.• CANNOT BE USED FOR LEFT AND RIGHT

OPERATIONS .

SUGGESTIONS•KEEP FACE,EYES,FINGERS,HAIR,BODY PARTS ETC. AWAY FROM THE PROPELLER AND OTHER MOVING PARTS.•ALWAYS FLY THE DESIGN WITH 10 FEET OF OPEN SPACE.•DO NOT EXPOSE IT TO RAIN/MOISTURE.•DO NOT FLY IN CROWDED ENVIORNMENT.•DO NOT FLY IN DUSTY AREA.

CONCLUSIONHENCE, BY THIS DESIGN I HAVE DESIGNED A FLYING CAR FROM A SIMPLE TOY COPTER. A LOT OF ATTENTION HAS BEEN GIVEN TO MAKE THE DESIGN AS GOOD AS POSSIBLE AND TO INCREASE ITS UTILITY TO THE MAXIMUM. THE ANALYSIS DONE ON THE DESIGN TOY AND THE RESULTS CALCULATED IN THIS REPORT HAVE BEEN CALCULATED USING APPROXIMATE FIGURES AND THE VALUES TAKEN HAVE BEEN CHOSEN AS CLOSE TO REAL AS POSSIBLE. THE PRESENT SHAPE OF THE DESIGN COMES AFTER EXPERIMENTING WITH VARIOUS POSSIBLE SHAPES. THE DESIGN CREATED, AS CALCULATED BEFORE IN THIS REPORT, SHOWS A RELIABILITY OF 99.23% FOR A WORKING OF 50 HRS AND HAS A POSITIVE NET PRESENT VALUE OF RS. 1.75 WHICH MAKES THE DESIGN WORTH INVESTING IN. THE VALUE OF MAJORITY OF THE PARTS USED IN THE DESIGN COMES OUT TO BE ONE OR GREATER THAN THAT WHICH MAKES THIS DESIGN A VERY GOOD DESIGN. THE PROBABILITY OF REALIZATION OF THE DESIGN IS 79.02%.