Towards Relativistic and Quantum Technologies · 2017. 4. 21. · Quantum Technologies in the...

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Towards Relativistic and Quantum Technologies

David Edward Bruschi

York Centre for Quantum TechnologiesDepartment of Physics

University of Yorkthe (Brexiting) United (not for long) Kingdom

March 27, 2017

based on many papers - ask for references

1 IntroductionRelativistic Quantum InformationRelativistic Quantum Information: tools

2 On EarthEarth-based RQIDetecting gravitational waves

3 In SpaceQuantum Communications

Relativistic effects on QKD protocols

4 Conclusions

Introduction

The “Quantum Era”

Quantum Technologies in the Quantum Era...

...well described and based on Quantum Mechanics...

Introduction

Quantum technologies in the quantum era...

... but what about RELATIVITY?

Introduction

Relativistic Quantum Information

Relativistic Quantum Information: aims and motivations

Use relativistic effects to:- improve technologies- develop new ones.

Motivations

- Quantum systems are reaching regimes whererelativistic effects play a role.

- Relativity cannot be ignored when measuringrelativistic parameters such as:gravitational potential in BEC drop towers.

- Nature is both relativistic and quantum.

The “Holy Grail”...

Deepen our understanding of the overlap of Quantum Theory andRelativity.

Introduction

Motivations

Introduction

Motivations

Introduction

Relativistic Quantum Information: tools

Relativistic and Quantum Information: ingredients

Relativistic ingredients

- Special Relativity: high speeds.

- General Relativity: curvature.

Quantum ingredients

- Heisenberg uncertainty.

- Entanglement.

Relativistic and quantum ingredients

- Quantum Field Theory in flat or curved spacetime

Specific areas to be considered

- Quantum Information.

- Quantum Metrology.

Systems of interest

- Confined fields in cavities

- Bose Einstein Condensates.

Possible arenas of experimental investigation

- Analogue Gravity. (NO Einstein equations in AG systems)

Introduction

Quantum ingredients

- Entanglement.

Systems of interest

Introduction

Quantum ingredients

- Entanglement.

Systems of interest

Introduction

Quantum ingredients

- Entanglement.

Systems of interest

Introduction

Quantum ingredients

- Entanglement.

Systems of interest

Introduction

Quantum ingredients

- Entanglement.

Systems of interest

On Earth

Earth-based RQI

Analogue gravity and tabletop experiments

Relativistic quantum effects on Earth

Possible to propose and perform experiments on Earth to verify thepredictions in the field.

Analogue gravity: BECs

Analogue gravity: Fibre optics

BEC Experiments

Nature Physics 12, 959–965 (2016)

On Earth

Earth-based RQI

BEC Experiments

Nature Physics 12, 959–965 (2016)

On Earth

Earth-based RQI

BEC Experiments

Nature Physics 12, 959–965 (2016)

On Earth

Earth-based RQI

BEC Experiments

Nature Physics 12, 959–965 (2016)

On Earth

Detecting gravitational waves

Gravitational Waves

Current experiments: LIGO

A figure

Current experiments: AURIGA

Our results

- Error ∆Θ bound by 1/√N QFI

QFI = k′

4kω2k t

2 (1 + sinh4 r)

- Gravitational and phononfrequencies are resonant.

- Typical fundamental phononfrequency: ω1 ∼ 1− 10kHz.

In Space

Quantum Communications

Entanglement distribution for Quantum Technologies

Future tasks...

- Distribute entanglementacross globe.

- Observe universe throughgravitational ripples.

...and goals

- Quantum Key Distribution.- Distributed QuantumComputing.- Quantum certification.- Quantum sensors.- GW detectors.... More?

In Space

Quantum Communications

Communication setup

What Alice and Bob want to achieve

- Detect relativistic effects and use to measure distances or mass.

Protocol specifications

- Use |Ψ±〉 = 1√2

[|01〉 ± |10〉] or |Ψ〉 =∑∞

n=0tanhn rcosh r

|n, n〉.

- Spectrum: Fω0 (ω), where ω0 ∼ 400nm (visible).

- rAlice = 6371km and rBob = 6771km (or GEO).

- Spectrum: F ′Ω0,A

(ΩA) 6= FΩ0,B (ΩB).

- Figure of merit: Quantum Bit Error Rate (QBER)

- Quant. Fisher Info. (QFI) and Cramer-Rao: ∆Θ ≥ 1√N√

Results

- Obtain: ρAB(Θ) = p+(Θ)P+ + p−(Θ)P−.

- QBER increased up to 0.7%. Measurable

- Bound on distances: ∆rSrS∼ ∆L

L ≥8σr2

A√2 NΩ rS L sinh r

Conclusions

Summary

* We have seen applications of quantum and relativistic physics.

* Relativity and quantum can appear in quantum technologies.

* There are many feasible proposals being put forward.

Outlook

* Merging quantum and gravitational physics can provide noveltechnological applications.

* Can teach us more about the physics at the overlap of relativity andquantum mechanics.

* In the long run: discover novel physics.

Relativistic and Quantum Information groups

Nottingham and Vienna, Warsaw, Brisbane, Durban, Seoul, Vancouver...

Acknowledgments

GRAZZI

Towards Relativistic and Quantum Technologies · 2017. 4. 21. · Quantum Technologies in the...

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