Topics : States of Matter Pure Substances Mixtures Physical and Chemical Changes Law of Conservation...

Topics:1.States of Matter2.Pure Substances3.Mixtures4.Physical and Chemical Changes5.Law of Conservation of Mass

Everything that has mass and volume is called matter.

States of Matter

•Computer chips and integrated circuits

•Computer hard drives

•Electronics

•Machine tools

•Medical implants and prosthetics

•Audio and video tapes

•Aircraft and automobile engine parts

•Printing on plastic food containers

•Energy-efficient window coatings

•High-efficiency window coatings

•Safe drinking water

•Voice and data communications components

•Anti-scratch and anti-glare coatings on eyeglasses and other optics

Uses of Plasma

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Matter(materials)

Substances Mixtures

Elements CompoundsHomogeneousmixtures(solutions)

Heterogeneousmixtures

Physical processes

Chemical

reactions

Classification of Matter

• Fixed composition

• Cannot be separated into simpler substances by physical changes

• Only changed chemically

• Properties don’t change.

Characteristics of Pure Substances

Compounds• 2 or more elements

chemically combined

• Formula, Molecule• Ex. Water, Carbon

Dioxide, Oxygen gas

• H2O, CO2, O2

Elements• Cannot be broken

down by chemical means

• Ex. Gold, Sodium, Copper, Oxygen

• Single symbols, atoms

• Au, Na, Cu, O

2 Types of Pure Substances – All use symbols!

• 2 or more substances NOT chemically bonded.

• No formulas or symbols•Variable composition•Parts keep individual properties•Separated into pure substances by physical methods

What is a Mixture?

Homogeneous VS Heterogeneous•Look the same throughout

•Examples

•Solutions

•Solute & Solvent

•Don’t look the same throughout or have different size particles

•Examples

•Suspension

•Colloid (liq/solid)

•Emulsion (liq/liq)

Physical Properties – observed & measured w/o changing substance

• Density• Size• Boiling Pt.• Shape• Mass• Texture

• Melting Pt.• Strength• Hardness• Magnetism• Color• Volume

What do physical properties determine?

• Determine uses for item.–Aluminum for foil–Isopropyl alcohol for cooling–Graphite for writing

Methods to separate mixtures• Filtering• Distillation• Magnets• Evaporation• Chromatography

Chemical Properties• Describes how substance changes

into a new substance,– Reactions– Energy and mass rearrange– Ex. – burning, rusting,

acid/base reactions

• Used to change pure substances• 5 signs of chemical change

– Temp change– Light– Color change– Bubbles– Smell

• Make new substances

Chemical Changes

Matter cannot be created nor destroyed. It is just converted from one form to another.

Law of Conservation of Mass