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Tony RoskillyNewcastle University
Pumped Heat Energy Storage
National Facility for Pumped heat energy storage
21st November 2017
Professor Tony RoskillyDr Andy Smallbone
Sir Joseph Swan Centre for Energy Research
3
Sir Joseph Swan Centre for Energy Research
Building, industrial and transport demand
reduction
Thermal systems and combustion
Mechanical and electric power
systems
Intelligent networks and energy storage
Electrochemistry and hydrogen
Resilient Infrastructure and
systems
Clean use of fossil fuel
Logistics and planningJustice and governance
Bio-resource production, recovery
and use
Renewable energy systems
Environmental impact assessment and
mitigation
Highlighted activity
• Newcastle, Cambridge, Oxford, UCL and Warwick University -£65m Faraday Battery Institute.
• £20m UK Centre for Energy System Integration (CESI)
• Advanced Propulsion Centre – Electric Machines Spoke
• Lead - EPSRC SUPERGEN in Energy Networks
• Key Partners – EPSRC SUPERGENs in Bioenergy, Energy Storage, Hydrogen and Fuel Cell
• £30m National Institute for Smart Data Innovation
• CDT in Cloud Computing for Big Data
Electrical
Motor/Generator
Compressor
Expander
Electricity
Grid
Layered
Thermal
Store
Layered
Thermal
Store
Pumped Heat Energy Storage
Layered
Thermal
Store
Layered
Thermal
Store
Electrical
Motor/Generator
Compressor
Expander
Electricity
Grid
Charging
mode
500oC
-160oC
21oC
21oC
Pumped Heat Energy Storage
Layered
Thermal
Store
Layered
Thermal
Store
Electrical
Motor/Generator
Electricity
Grid
Storage
mode
Pumped Heat Energy Storage
Layered
Thermal
Store
Layered
Thermal
Store
Electrical
Motor/Generator
Expander
Compressor
Electricity
Grid
Discharging
mode
Local high-grade
heat services
Local cryogenic &
cooling services
Pumped Heat Energy Storage
Production scale prototype
Objective
Demonstrate the round-
trip efficiency & response
times of the large scale
prototype
Heat pump size
150kW charge
120kW discharge
1000rpm
12:1 compression ratio
Storage capacity
600kWh storage
Response time
Sub-second
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IMD_CptGayc
Thermal Stores
• Advanced packed bed vessels
designed to store thermal energy
at 500°C and -160°C.
• 98% energy recovery.
• Low cost.
• Large-scale – up to 5000 tons of
crushed rock per store.
• Strong IP:
− Control of heat transfer within
stores.
− Trade secrets: economic use
of high-temperature materials,
reliability.Fully assembled thermal stores
Heat Pump
• Unique oil free reciprocating heat
pump design with minimal thermal
losses.
• During charging top cylinder
compresses (500°C) and bottom
cylinder expands argon (-160°C).
• Novel compressor/expander valve
design with very low pressure drop and
rapid activation.
• Very fast control to change valve
timing and discharge energy store.
• Uni-directional rotation during charging
and discharging.
• Designed for long life with low wear
rates and minimal component stress.
Fully assembled heat pump
Economic Analysis
0.00
0.02
0.04
0.06
0.08
0.10
0.12
LC
OS
[€/k
Wh
]
electricity charging
OPEX
CAPEX energy based
CAPEX power based
Assumptions unit
Scenario 1 –
technical potential
Scenario 2 –
target system
Scenario 3 –
conservative estimate
Roundtrip efficiency % 72 67 52
Specific CAPEX (energy) €/kWh 13 17 21
Levelised cost of storage comparison
100 MW/400 MWh; 365 cycles/year; electricity price 3 €ct/kWh
0.00
0.05
0.10
0.15
0.20
0.25
0.30
0.35
0.40
0.45
LCO
S [€
/kW
h]
Economic Analysis
Future PHES development
• ETI transfer IP - December 2017.
• Complete PHES prototype commissioning and commence low speed
operation and performance analysis - January 2018.
• Commission new valve design and commence full speed operation
and performance analysis – February 2018.
• Seek funding to design, build and operate 2 MW / 16MWh system
Summary
• PHES costs are potentially highly disruptive to the energy storage
market and competitive with pumped hydro and CAES without the
geographical constraints.
• PHES has the capability of grid scale electricity energy storage and
also being integrated in to a smart thermal network providing heating
and cooling services.
• National facility for Pumped Heat Energy Storage will complete
commissioning of production scale prototype system later this year.
• Testing and performance evaluation will be completed early next year
and funding is currently being sought to design, construct and operate
a 2MW / 16 MWh system.
• The IP and know how for PHES resides in the UK at present.
National Facility for Pumped heat energy storage
21st November 2017
Professor Tony RoskillyDr Andy Smallbone
Sir Joseph Swan Centre for Energy Research
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