THREE STATES (PHASES) OF MATTER Textbook pp. 66 - 69

THREE STATES (PHASES) OF

MATTERTextbook pp. 66 - 69

MATTER Consists of atoms

and molecules that are too small to see without a very powerful microscope. They are always in motion and bumping into each other

STATES OF MATTER

The three most familiar states of matter are:

SOLID

LIQUID

GAS

STATES OF MATTER

State is determined by how fast the particles move and how strongly they are attracted to each other

SOLID

The state of matter that has a definite shape and volume Particles are close together Particles vibrate in place

TYPES OF SOLID

There are two types of solid. They are:

Crystalline solid

Amorphous solid

TYPES OF SOLID

Crystalline solid:

particles are arranged in a repeating pattern of rows. Ex.: diamond, ice, iron

TYPES OF SOLID

Amorphous solid:

Particles are not in any particular order

Examples include: oobleck, rubber, wax, glass

LIQUID

The state of matter in which the matter takes the shape of its container and has a definite volume. Even though liquids change shape they DO NOT easily change volume.

PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS

Surface tension: a force that acts on the particles at the surface of a liquid. This causes some liquids to form round drops. Different liquids have different surface tensions.

PROPERTIES OF LIQUIDS (cont.) Viscosity: a

liquid’s resistance to flow. Usually, the stronger the attractions between the molecules of a liquid, the more viscous the liquid is.

GAS

The state in which matter changes both in shape and volume.

Gases do not have a definite shape or volume.

GAS The particles of a gas move quickly. There is less attraction between particles

of a gas than between particles of the same substance in the solid or liquid state.

The amount of empty space between gas particles can change. There is more space between particles of gas in a helium balloon than particles of helium in a tank of helium.

PLASMA

The state of matter that does not have a definite shape or volume and whose particles have broken apart.

PLASMA (cont.)

Natural plasmas are found in the Aurora Borealis. Artificial plasmas are found in

fluorescent lighting.