The Water Cycle The Water Cycle Science 8 9/07 Water is a “universal solvent: and wherever it goes...

The The Water Water CycleCycle

Science 8Science 8

9/079/07

Water is a Water is a “universal “universal solvent: and solvent: and wherever it wherever it goes throughout goes throughout the water cycle, the water cycle, it takes up it takes up valuable valuable chemicals, chemicals, minerals and minerals and nutrients.nutrients.

CondensatiCondensationon

The change from a gas a The change from a gas a liquid In the water cycle, liquid In the water cycle, the change from water the change from water

vapor to liquid.vapor to liquid.

Condensation Condensation & Convection& Convection

Warm air risesWarm air rises

Process Process known as known as CONVECTIONCONVECTION

Condensation & Condensation & Cloud Cloud FormationFormation

Cooling of water Cooling of water vapor forms vapor forms CLOUDSCLOUDS

Other ways Other ways clouds are clouds are formedformed ConvergenceConvergence Lifting of air by Lifting of air by

frontsfronts

PrecipitationPrecipitation

SnowSnow Snow is a type of Snow is a type of

precipitation like precipitation like rain but at cooler rain but at cooler temperaturestemperatures

Usually reaches Usually reaches the ground and the ground and staysstays

Eventually melts Eventually melts and becomes and becomes runoff in streamsrunoff in streams

RainRain Type of Type of

precipitation during precipitation during warmer weatherwarmer weather

Occurs when clouds Occurs when clouds become too fullbecome too full

Falls to earth in the Falls to earth in the form of water and form of water and runs off to streams runs off to streams & rivers& rivers

Freshwater Freshwater StorageStorage

Water may be Water may be stored temporarily stored temporarily in the ground, in the ground, oceans, lakes, oceans, lakes, rivers, and ion ice rivers, and ion ice caps and glaciers.caps and glaciers.

The world’s two main The world’s two main reservoirs of fresh water reservoirs of fresh water are the great polar ice are the great polar ice caps, and the ground.caps, and the ground.

If all of the ice in the ice If all of the ice in the ice caps and other glaciers caps and other glaciers melted, it would raise the melted, it would raise the sea level by about 260 ft. sea level by about 260 ft.

In temperate In temperate climates, water is climates, water is found in found in depression storage depression storage or surface water or surface water puddles, ditches, puddles, ditches, and anywhere else and anywhere else that runoff water that runoff water can gather. This is can gather. This is a temporary form a temporary form ofof storagestorage

Surface Surface RunoffRunoff

When When precipitation precipitation rate exceeds rate exceeds infiltration rate, infiltration rate, or when soil is or when soil is saturated, water saturated, water begins to move begins to move down slope on down slope on ground surface.ground surface.

Surface Surface RunoffRunoff

surface runoff surface runoff gradually flows into gradually flows into gullies, streams, gullies, streams, lakes, or rivers. lakes, or rivers. Water in streams Water in streams and rivers flows to and rivers flows to the ocean, seeps the ocean, seeps into the ground, or into the ground, or evaporates back evaporates back into the into the atmosphere.atmosphere.

Water Storage in Water Storage in OceansOceans

EvaporationEvaporation Conversion of Conversion of

water from a water from a liquid into a gasliquid into a gas

Water Water transferred from transferred from surface to surface to atmosphere atmosphere through through evaporationevaporation

Evaporation & the Evaporation & the SunSun

The sun heats The sun heats up water in the up water in the ocean, rivers, ocean, rivers, or lakes, or lakes, turning it into turning it into vapor, which vapor, which then goes into then goes into the airthe air

Evaporation Evaporation Cont.Cont.

80% of 80% of evaporation evaporation from oceanfrom ocean

20% of 20% of evaporation evaporation from inland from inland water and water and vegetationvegetation

TranspirationTranspirationThe process of The process of

evaporation evaporation from plants. from plants. Basically, Basically, plants plants sweating.sweating.