The Road to Revolution 1763 - 1776 Ch. 9, Sec. 3, Part I

The Road to Revolution1763 - 1776

Ch. 9 , Sec. 3, Part I

Examine why British taxes created tension and eventually war with their

American colonies.

North Carolina in the French and Indian War (1755 – 1763)

• Nearly 200 NC militiamen served with General Braddock on his disastrous defeat at Ft. Duquesne.

• In 1757, Ft. Dobbs, which is near present-day Statesville, was constructed. Its purpose was to interdict any Cherokee raiding parties into the area.

• Fort Dobbs was attacked by a large force of Cherokee Indians in 1760 and there was sporadic fighting between the Colonial militia and the Cherokee in and around North Carolina from 1760 – 1763.

Tighter British Control

• Before the F&I War, Great Britain governed the colonies loosely. Now, the British Crown wanted to install tighter control and stricter regulations upon the American colonies.

• The Proclamation of 1763 was just the start. After this, the colonies resented any laws or regulations passed against them.

King George III

• King George III wanted to enforce the proclamation and keep the peace with the various Native American tribes in the region.

• To do this, he decided to deploy over 10,000 British soldiers to the colonies to make sure the Americans were doing as they should.

The Quartering Act

• Passed in 1765, this act was the first in a long series of actions designed to make the colonies pay for their protection.

• The Quartering Act required individual colonists to quarter, or house British soldiers and provide them with the supplies that they would need.

• Most British troops were housed in New York City.

• To justify this, Great Britain said that the colonies needed to help pay for the costs of the French & Indian War.

• Great Britain had a huge war debt to repay and they needed more revenue, or income to do so.

The Sugar Act, 1764

• This act placed a tax on all sugar and sugar related items being imported into the colonies.

• The act also called for strict enforcement and provided severe penalties for colonial smugglers.

• What about the “Rights of Englishmen?”

The Stamp Act, 1765

• Perhaps the most hated and despised of all the acts.

• The Stamp Act imposed a tax on every piece of printed paper that the colonists used, from playing cards to newspapers. All of the stamps had to be paid for in silver!

• This was a direct tax on the colonies as whole.

• NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION!!!

The colonies were quick to protest the Stamp Act. Since no colonial representatives served in Parliament, the Colonies were outraged! The British

government was again trampling over their rights as Englishmen.

The colonies organized large boycotts to refuse to by any British goods.

The Sons of Libertyand the Committees of Correspondence

• Colonial protest groups such as the Sons of Liberty were organized to undermine British authority, taxes and rule.

• As a result, financial losses were felt in Great Britain and they soon repealed the Stamp Act in 1766.

• The Committees of Correspondence exchanged letters on affairs between each of the 13 Colonies.

1. Explain why the Procomation of 1763 was hated by the American colonists.

2. Which of the acts placed imposed taxes on tea, glass, paint, and lead?

3. Refusal to buy certain items is known as ____________.

4. Which of the following is an example of a writ of assistance a) a colonial court ruing that declared the Stamp Act illegal b) an alliance of Native American groups opposed to British expansion c) a secret agreement between the British and French to divide North America d) a warrant allowing royal tax collectors to search colonial warehouses

5. Why did the British pass the Sugar Act?