The Renaissance in Italy 1300-1500

The Renaissance in Italy 1300-1500

Features of the ITALIAN Renaissance

What does the word mean? New Secular and scientific values combine

with a spirit of adventure and curiosity (a desire to comprehend the world in which they live) Still Christian in attitude but transition from:

Medieval to modern world religious to lay authority Agricultural to urban Focus on HUMAN experience in the here and now

Why Italy History and

geography The Papacy Trade

Wealth of city statesCreated Patrons to support the arts

Ex: Florence: The Medici’s

Ideas from the East

Humanism Intellectual movement which celebrated

the dignity of mankind. The study of Latin and Greek classics and of Church fathers for their own sake, not to come to a closer understanding of God Still pious Christians

Education to stimulate creativity Rhetoric, Poetry, History Francesco Petrarch: Father of Italian

humanism Letters to the Ancient Dead

A new secular spirit Material instead of eternal world

Pope Julius II tore down the old St. Peters basilica (Michelangelo the dome) (next slide)

Machiavelli The Prince: No need to be guided by a pre-determined code of behavior Safer to be feared than loved “Ruthless political expediency” (ends

justify means)

St. Peters Dome

New Techniques and skills Painting

Oil paints Chiaroscuro (light and shade) Linear perspective Frescoes Realism / Detail /Human Anatomy

Architecture: Return to Classical style Columns, Domes and Arches Filippo Brunelleschi

Important Renaissance Artists Michelangelo : Pieta, David, Sistine

Chapel Leonardo DaVinci: Mona Lisa, inventor,

dissection of corpses Raphael: Madonna's, School of Athens Botticelli: The Birth of Venus, Adoration of

the Magi Brunelleschi: The Cathedral of Florence,

Linear perspective

Brunelleschi’s Dome in Florence

The Vocation of Peter and Andrew (Duccio)

The Birth of VenusBotticelli

Mona Lisa and anatomy sketchesLeonardo DaVinci

The Pieta and Moses at the tomb of Pope Julius II

Michaelangelo, The David

Creation (Mike, Sistene Chapel)

Last Judgment

The School of Athens (Raphael)

Leonardo Da Vinci

The Renaissance in the NorthAlbrecht Durer Self PortraitChapter 13 section 2

The Northern Renaissance Centered in Flanders

Differences: Deeply concerned with religion Religious upheaval Called for a return to an earlier simple Christian

faith emphasis on the common people Northern Artists specialize in: landscapes,

detailed portraits, images of every day life (commoners) Smaller more transportable ($ motive) Not as much classical influence or fascination

with form

The Printing Revolution Johannes Guttenberg 1455

Impact?

Jan Van Eyck (Arnolfini)

Pieter Bruegel

Albrecht Durer: Michelangelo of the North (painter, engravings)

Norhtern Humanists Desiderius Erasmus from

Holland-The Praise of Folly-Critical of the Church

and Clergy of the period“Father” of the Northern

humanist movement

Shakespeare

Human ordeal examined Classical influence “What a piece of work is a man, how noble in

reason, how infinite in faculties, in form and moving, how express and admirable in action, how like an angel in apprehension, how like a god! The beauty of the world; the paragon of animals.” Hamlet

Sir Thomas More Utopia (“No place”) social commentary IMPROVE SOCIETY