View
220
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
8/8/2019 The Position of Al-Quran in Islamic Law
1/22
8/8/2019 The Position of Al-Quran in Islamic Law
2/22
In this topic we would like to describe and
explain the position of al-quran in islamic
law
Here we would details more about:1) differenciation between al-makiyyah and
al-madaniyyah
2) factors why qura is the main sources
compared to hadith qudsi and nabawi
3) Contains in quran
4) Qati and zanni
8/8/2019 The Position of Al-Quran in Islamic Law
3/22
Literally: derives from the word qaraa which
is means reading or recitation.
Technically: book of Allah sent through thelast prophet, Muhammad (SAW) it contains
knowledge imparted by Allah and the
guidance for men who are righteous for all
the time to come, it comes in Arabic andtransmitted to us by continuous testimony or
tawattur begins with surah Al-Fatihah and
ends with surah An-Nas.
8/8/2019 The Position of Al-Quran in Islamic Law
4/22
The revelation of al-Quran began with the firstverses of surah Al-Alaq and ended with surah Al-
Maidah verse 3 Al-Quran contains
>114 chapters
>6235 verses comprising of various areas
including in the matter of worldly andhereafter
Revealed purely in Arabic 23 years
Entire text of al-quran is contiuonus narration
(mutawattir)surah Al-Isra (it is) al Quran which we havedivided (into parts from time to time), in order
that you might recite it to men at intervals: we
have revealed it by stages (17:106)
8/8/2019 The Position of Al-Quran in Islamic Law
5/22
asbabun al-nuzul explain the events which arerelated to the revelation of its particular passage.For example:
Surah al-ikhlas; firstly responds to the mushrikunin Makka before the hijra, and secondly to the ahl
al-kitab encountered in Madina after the hijrah
Hakm (law) is not limited to the events orcircumstances.
Asbab al-Nazul helps to understand the Quran andits law.
8/8/2019 The Position of Al-Quran in Islamic Law
6/22
SurahMakiyyah
(82 surah)
SurahMadinah
(20)
SurahKhilaf
(12surah)
Al-Quran(114
chapters)
8/8/2019 The Position of Al-Quran in Islamic Law
7/22
8/8/2019 The Position of Al-Quran in Islamic Law
8/22
Surah al-makkiyyah Surah al-madaniyyah
Sentence down to Muhammad s.a.w. before migration.
Time is about 12 years,
5 months and 13 days.
sentence down to Muhammad s.a.w. after migration.
Time is about 9 years,
9 months and 9 days.
Theme; tawhid, shirk, day of resurrection, moral
corruption,
stories of the Prophets
Theme; social and legal implications, concerning
marriage, divorce, inheritance, punishment etc
usually theme in makiyyah only touched upon briefly
Almost of the ayat used ('O Mankind) and ('O People)
Ayat often longer,
ayat are often short Almost of the ayat used ('O ye who believe) and
('O people of the book)
except surah al hajj
All the ayat that were revealed while the Prophet was
in Mecca, and around area Mina, Arafah, Hudaibiyah
Revealed in Madinah or its surrounding area such as
Badar, Uhud are classified as Madani
meaningful to Muslims living in a strongly un-Islamic
environment
appeal much to Muslims who are in the process of
formation of the umma
8/8/2019 The Position of Al-Quran in Islamic Law
9/22
Quran consists of manifest revelation (Wahy
Zahir) which is direct communication in the
words of Allah
Wahy Batin (non-manifest revelation) - consists
of inspiration and concepts, all the Ahadith of
the Prophet (SM)
8/8/2019 The Position of Al-Quran in Islamic Law
10/22
Al-Quran and sunnah- contain law formany cases and also served as the basisfor the extension of the law
Consensus of legal opinion( ijma)contains the law, and its provision can beuse for extending the law further thoughsome would prefer to have recourse to
the basis or the sanad of ijma for thenew case
Therefore, some jurist maintain that al-quran and sunnah are the primary sources
8/8/2019 The Position of Al-Quran in Islamic Law
11/22
commanded by Allah (SWT) in surah al-Nisa
verse 59 where He says:
O You Who believe! ObeyAllah andobey the Messenger and
those charged with authority among you. If you differ inanything among yourselves, refer it to Allah (Quran) and his
Messenger (Sunnah), if you do believe in Allah and the Last
Day: That is best,and most suitable for final determination.
another verse Allah SWT says:
This is the book in which there is no doubt (Since its author,
Allah the creator of the universe, possesses complete and
perfect knowledge,
there is no room for doubt about its content)
8/8/2019 The Position of Al-Quran in Islamic Law
12/22
Conversation between Prophet Muhammad
with Muaz bin Jabal before leaving for his
appointment as governor of Yemen
all four of khalifa al-Rashidin used to decide
every issue by looking first into the Book of
Allah and next they would refer a sunnah of
the Prophet.
8/8/2019 The Position of Al-Quran in Islamic Law
13/22
1) Al-Quran carry some value, namely, the historyAnbiya '(the prophet), the previousgenerations.
2) Function of the Qur'an as the main source
Islamic law and it contains:1. hereafter2. history of previous generations3. value4. answer the questions that arise from people
5. discuss questions of faith6. talk about the value7. good news (heavenly blessings and rewards)
and punishment of Allah
8/8/2019 The Position of Al-Quran in Islamic Law
14/22
Al-Quran Hadith
Was revealed to the Prophet
(pbuh) verbatim
Was not a verbatim revelation
Was revealed via n el Jibreel Inspired b other a s, su h as
in the form of a dream.
Words of the ur'an are
mira ulous or inimitable
(mu'jizah)
Words of the adith udsi are
not of this nature
e ited in formal pra ers (salah) annot be re ited in pra ers
One is not allo ed to tou h the
ur'an in the state of Janabah(post-sexual impurit )
There is no su h prohibition for
tou hin the books of adith
8/8/2019 The Position of Al-Quran in Islamic Law
15/22
Hadith Qudsi
"A Hadith Qudsi is a statement where Prophet
Muhammad (pbuh) reports a statement and
he refers it directly to Allah.
Hadith Qudsi, in which the Prophet (SM)
quotes Allah in the Hadith, is also notequivalent to the Quran
In fact, this kind of Hadith is also subject toexamination of Isnad (chain of narrators from
the Prophet (pbuh) to the compiler of theHadith compilation).
Prophet (pbuh) did not make any distinctionbetween Hadith Qudsi and other Hadith.
8/8/2019 The Position of Al-Quran in Islamic Law
16/22
Hadith Nabawi
Hadith Nabawi is a hadith where one of the
Companions reports the Prophet's
statements, his deeds, or things thathappened in his presence and he approved of
them.
8/8/2019 The Position of Al-Quran in Islamic Law
17/22
Qati & Zanni concepts have been discussed :
- in terms of text &
- in terms of meaning.
8/8/2019 The Position of Al-Quran in Islamic Law
18/22
Qati text:
- Entire Quranic text is Qati (definitive)
- Mutawatir Sunnah or Hadith (at least in
essence)
Zanni text:
- Other Hadith and Ijtihad are Zanni material
8/8/2019 The Position of Al-Quran in Islamic Law
19/22
8/8/2019 The Position of Al-Quran in Islamic Law
20/22
Qati & Zanni have significance
in the matter of belief [can be determinedonly by Qati text with Qati meaning ] &
in the gradation of Ahkam (rules) into
Farz, Wazib, Sunnah, Haram, Makruh, etc.
Zanni of one verse can be made Qati by
another verse or by definitive Sunnah
Zanni Sunnah can be elevated to Qati by Qati
Ayat of the Quran or by other corroborative
evidence of Qati Sunnah.
8/8/2019 The Position of Al-Quran in Islamic Law
21/22
8/8/2019 The Position of Al-Quran in Islamic Law
22/22
OCT 2009 Question 4
c)Explain the differences between primaryand secondary sources of Islamic law (5m)
Question 5
a) Is the Quran a source of law? Support youranswer with relevant examples (6m)
OCT 2007 Question 5
d) Describe the concept of asbab al-nuzul andits implication in understanding the
objective of the revelation (5m)
OCT 2006 Question 1
c) State three (3) differences between theMakki and Madani verses of the Qur'an.
Provide example for each of the differencesstated (6m)
Recommended