The Modern Era Unit 11. John F. Kennedy 1961-1963

The Modern EraThe Modern Era

Unit 11Unit 11

John F. KennedyJohn F. Kennedy

1961-19631961-1963

Election of 1960Election of 1960

• Democrat John F. Kennedy won over Democrat John F. Kennedy won over Republican Richard M. Nixon in a close Republican Richard M. Nixon in a close election. election.

• First campaign that made heavy use of First campaign that made heavy use of television and advertising. television and advertising.

• The Cold War was the main topic.The Cold War was the main topic.

Election of 1960Election of 1960

John F. KennedyJohn F. Kennedy

• Youngest ever to be Youngest ever to be elected president at age elected president at age 43. 43.

• Charming, young.Charming, young.

Kennedy FamilyKennedy Family

“ “The torch has been passed to a new The torch has been passed to a new generation. . . My fellow Americans, generation. . . My fellow Americans, ask not what your country can do for ask not what your country can do for you – ask what you can do for your you – ask what you can do for your country.country.””

– – John F. KennedyJohn F. Kennedy

New FrontierNew Frontier

• Kennedy’s plan that included aggressive Kennedy’s plan that included aggressive reforms of society and government.reforms of society and government.

Kennedy and the Cold WarKennedy and the Cold War

• Kennedy supported a Kennedy supported a flexible responseflexible response to Cold to Cold War issues instead of relying of nuclear War issues instead of relying of nuclear weapons. weapons.

• He strengthened the conventional military and He strengthened the conventional military and increased the number of special forces troops.increased the number of special forces troops.

Space RaceSpace Race

Space RaceSpace Race

• Kennedy challenged Americans to beat the Kennedy challenged Americans to beat the Soviets in space by first putting a man on the Soviets in space by first putting a man on the moon. moon.

Sputnik started it all…Sputnik started it all…

Moon LandingMoon Landing

• Neil Armstrong and “BuzzNeil Armstrong and “Buzz”” Aldrin became Aldrin became the first men to walk on the moon.the first men to walk on the moon.

Apollo 11 CrewApollo 11 Crew

NeilArmstrong

MichaelCollins

“Buzz”Aldrin

Launch of Apollo 11Launch of Apollo 11

Lunar Lander descending to the Lunar Lander descending to the moonmoon

““Buzz” Aldrin on the moonBuzz” Aldrin on the moon

““Buzz” Aldrin and the flagBuzz” Aldrin and the flag

Man on the moonMan on the moon

“ “That’s one small step for man, one giant leap That’s one small step for man, one giant leap for mankind.”for mankind.”

– – Neil ArmstrongNeil Armstrong

Space RaceSpace Race

•http://www.history.com/videos/space-race-cold-war-front#space-race-cold-war-front

Why is Cuba important?Why is Cuba important?

CUBA

UnitedStates

Communist CubaCommunist Cuba

• Cuba became communist in 1959 under Cuba became communist in 1959 under charismatic leader charismatic leader Fidel CastroFidel Castro. .

• Viewed as a threat to U.S. interests in the Viewed as a threat to U.S. interests in the region.region.

Fidel CastroFidel Castro

Bay of Pigs InvasionBay of Pigs Invasion

• Kennedy sent special forces units into Cuba to Kennedy sent special forces units into Cuba to overthrow Castro. overthrow Castro.

• Total failure and embarrassment for Kennedy.Total failure and embarrassment for Kennedy.

Bay of Pigs InvasionBay of Pigs Invasion

Nikita KhruschevNikita Khruschev

• Head of the Soviet Head of the Soviet Union who often clashed Union who often clashed with Kennedy.with Kennedy.

Cuba Missile CrisisCuba Missile Crisis

• U.S. became alarmed when nuclear missiles U.S. became alarmed when nuclear missiles were discovered in Cuba. were discovered in Cuba.

• Kennedy ordered a blockade and asked Kennedy ordered a blockade and asked Khruschev to remove the missiles. Khruschev to remove the missiles.

• The Russians backed down.The Russians backed down.

This is what was in CubaThis is what was in Cuba

U2 Images of Missiles in CubaU2 Images of Missiles in Cuba

Assassination of JFKAssassination of JFK

• Kennedy was shot by Lee Harvey Oswald in Kennedy was shot by Lee Harvey Oswald in Dallas. Dallas.

• Questions still remain about a conspiracy.Questions still remain about a conspiracy.

Homework

WB p. 285

Get out your homework

JFK AssassinationJFK Assassination

November 22, 1963November 22, 1963

Zapruder Film

•http://video.search.yahoo.com/search/video;_ylt=A0oGdbmNK7FO2ngAQnpXNyoA?p=abraham%20zapruder%20film&fr2=piv-web#filters=none&facets=f2/0

He was shot hereHe was shot here

From this building … From this building … maybemaybe

A gun, spent bullets and sniper’s nest were found here.

He was in this carHe was in this car

View from the snipers nest View from the snipers nest windowwindow

Lyndon Johnson was in Dallas at the time. He took Lyndon Johnson was in Dallas at the time. He took the oath of office before he left.the oath of office before he left.

Lee Harvey Oswald was Lee Harvey Oswald was arrestedarrested

He was mentally unstable and weirdHe was mentally unstable and weird

Simple, right?Simple, right?

Now it gets weirdNow it gets weird

Oswald was a former MarineOswald was a former Marine

• And he lived in Russia for a And he lived in Russia for a time.time.

• He supported the He supported the communist party.communist party.

• He was also connected to He was also connected to the Cubans.the Cubans.

• He may have had mob He may have had mob connections.connections.

• He said that he was just a He said that he was just a “patsy.”“patsy.”

Oswald was shot two days Oswald was shot two days laterlater

By this man Jack RubyBy this man Jack Ruby

Ruby had mob connectionsRuby had mob connections

Oswald died.

After the assassination before After the assassination before Oswald shot the police officer, Oswald shot the police officer, he was headed southeast. he was headed southeast.

Guess who lived just 2 miles Guess who lived just 2 miles from Oswald in the direction from Oswald in the direction he was walking……he was walking……

Ruby

Officially, all three shots came from the Texas Officially, all three shots came from the Texas Schoolbook Depository windowSchoolbook Depository window

But some people reported hearing more But some people reported hearing more than 3 shots from other locations.than 3 shots from other locations.

The only picture of the The only picture of the head shot.head shot.

Some people think they see a shooter Some people think they see a shooter on the grassy knoll. Do you?on the grassy knoll. Do you?

And what is this black And what is this black thing?thing?

And this black thing?And this black thing?

It doesn’t show up in the next It doesn’t show up in the next picture.picture.

Why does this man open his Why does this man open his umbrella at the exact moment umbrella at the exact moment JFK is hit? It was a cool, sunny JFK is hit? It was a cool, sunny day.day.

Remember this photo of Remember this photo of Oswald?Oswald?

And Kennedy’s autopsy was And Kennedy’s autopsy was botchedbotched

His brain went missingHis brain went missing

And dozens of people And dozens of people connected to the connected to the assassination died assassination died mysteriously within the next 5 mysteriously within the next 5 years.years.

The official investigation into The official investigation into the assassination contains 56 the assassination contains 56 volumes of evidence.volumes of evidence.

Warren CommissionWarren Commission

If it was just one man, his gun, If it was just one man, his gun, and three bullets, why is it so and three bullets, why is it so complicated?complicated?

Oh yeah, and JFK’s brother Oh yeah, and JFK’s brother Robert was assassinated 5 Robert was assassinated 5 years later while running years later while running for President.for President.

The major questions:The major questions:

• Did Oswald have the ability to do it?Did Oswald have the ability to do it?

• What was Jack Ruby’s involvement?What was Jack Ruby’s involvement?

• Were there 3 shots or more?Were there 3 shots or more?

• Did shots come from different locations?Did shots come from different locations?

• What kind of wounds did he really have?What kind of wounds did he really have?

• Was there a cover-up?Was there a cover-up?

Did Oswald kill Kennedy??Did Oswald kill Kennedy??

We will never know.

Conspiracy TheoriesConspiracy Theories

•http://www.history.com/videos/jfk-assassion-conspiracy-theories#jfk-assassion-conspiracy-theories

Homework

WB p. 288

Get out your homework

Lyndon B. Lyndon B. Johnson and theJohnson and the

Great SocietyGreat Society

1964-19681964-1968

Lyndon B. JohnsonLyndon B. Johnson

• Became president after Kennedy’s Became president after Kennedy’s assassination. assassination.

• Decided to continue many of Kennedy’s Decided to continue many of Kennedy’s policies.policies.

Lyndon B. JohnsonLyndon B. Johnson

Lyndon B. Johnson sworn in as Lyndon B. Johnson sworn in as PresidentPresident

Successes in his 1st TermSuccesses in his 1st Term

• Tax cuts, civil rights act and anti-poverty Tax cuts, civil rights act and anti-poverty programs.programs.

War on PovertyWar on Poverty

• Johnson began trying to pass laws that fought Johnson began trying to pass laws that fought poverty in America.poverty in America.

Volunteers in Service to Volunteers in Service to AmericaAmerica(VISTA)(VISTA)

• Program that let young people work in poor or Program that let young people work in poor or rural neighborhoods to help people overcome rural neighborhoods to help people overcome poverty.poverty.

VISTA visited these VISTA visited these apartmentsapartments

Living conditionsLiving conditions

Communal bathroomsCommunal bathrooms

VISTA VolunteerVISTA Volunteer

Election of 1964Election of 1964

• Johnson won in a landslide against Republican Johnson won in a landslide against Republican Barry GoldwaterBarry Goldwater. .

Election of 1964Election of 1964

Lyndon Johnson Barry Goldwater

Election of 1964Election of 1964

The Great SocietyThe Great Society

• Johnson’s vision of the perfect and equal Johnson’s vision of the perfect and equal society for America. society for America.

• He focused on poverty and civil rights.He focused on poverty and civil rights.

AccomplishmenAccomplishmentsts

of the of the Great SocietyGreat Society

1. Health and Welfare1. Health and Welfare

• Medicaid and MedicareMedicaid and Medicare helped the poor and helped the poor and elderly with health care.elderly with health care.

2. Poverty2. Poverty

• Created jobs, made housing affordable for the Created jobs, made housing affordable for the poor, revitalized cities.poor, revitalized cities.

3. Education3. Education

• Provided preschool education for the poor Provided preschool education for the poor ((Head StartHead Start) and loans to low-income students.) and loans to low-income students.

4. Protection4. Protection

• Laws were passed that provided greater safety Laws were passed that provided greater safety in food, medicine and water.in food, medicine and water.

Legacy of the Great SocietyLegacy of the Great Society

• Funds were often lacking and many programs Funds were often lacking and many programs were unsuccessful. were unsuccessful.

• Many programs have continued to the present Many programs have continued to the present day.day.

Round RobinRound Robin

• Groups Groups

• Each student shares something they Each student shares something they learned from the lessonlearned from the lesson

• 30 seconds per student30 seconds per student

• Student number 1 beginsStudent number 1 begins

Homework

WB p. 292

Get out your homework