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THE MINOR PROPHETS
List in the Bible• Hosea• Joel • Amos• Obadiah• Jonah • Micah• Nahum• Habakkuk• Zephaniah
• Haggai• Zechariah• Malachi
Chronological List of the Minor Prophets
Early (850-750)Obadiah
Joel Jonah
Middle (750-700)HoseaAmosMicah
Judah (700-600)Nahum
ZephaniahHabakkuk
Post Exile (520-400)Haggai
ZechariahMalachi
Early Prophets• Obadiah (1 chapter) prophesied against Edom• Joel prophesied against Judah after a locust
plague, warns of greater national judgment, and foresees a restoration before the final end of the Jewish system 2:28-32
• Jonah prophesied against Nineveh (capital of Assyria) story more about Jonah than Nineveh Because of their repentance, God spared Nineveh
Middle Prophets• Hosea prophesied against Israel and the Assyrian
captivity; God told Hosea to marry a woman predisposed to harlotry as a parallel of Israel’s unfaithfulness to Him. Restoration is also foretold in Hosea’s redemption of his wife from prostitution.
• Amos was from Judah but sent to prophesy against Israel; he also prophesied against Israel’s neighbors; a short passage of hope fulfilled in Christ and the church 9:8-15 parallel with Obadiah 19-21
• Micah prophesied against Israel (Assyrian captivity) and Judah (6:8); had much to say about spiritual restoration 4:1-4; 5:2-4
7th Century B.C. Prophets • Nahum prophesied against Nineveh (Assyria);
they fell to Babylon in 612 B.C.• Zephaniah prophesied against Judah, then
switched to judgments against neighboring nations and even Babylon. Chapter 3 is prophecy of restoration in context of Josiah’s reforms
• Habakkuk complained to God about Judah’s wickedness; God promised to send Babylon to punish Judah; then he wondered how God could use a more wicked nation to punish His people; God assures him of His justice and mercy 2:4
Post (after) Exile Prophets • Haggai prophesied in 520 B.C.; he rebukes their
priorities of building their houses and neglecting God’s house; they rebuilt the temple 70 years after Babylon destroyed it in 586 B.C. 1:5
• Zechariah was with Haggai. He has many Messianic prophecies pointing to fulfillment in Jesus Christ 6:12-13
• Malachi confronted the spiritual indifference of the Jews in the 5th Century B.C.; many good spiritual lessons and two prophecies about John the Baptist 3:1; 4:5-6, Luke 1:16-17
All Prophets • All of the prophets have foretold “these days”
the days of the first century Acts 3:24• Jesus is the center of God’s plan of salvation v.
25-26• He is the servant of the Lord (Isaiah 40-66)• He is the seed of Abraham Gen. 22:18, Gal.
3:16,26-29• He blesses us by forgiving us v.26• When we believe, repent, and are baptized v.19,
2:38
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