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13995102
ISSN 2410-5198 IUGJEBS
The Mediating Role of Perceived Organizational Support in
the Relationship between Organizational Justice and Organizational
Citizenship Behavior (Applied Study of the Interior Ministry - the Civil
Part of the Gaza Strip)
Abstract This study aimed to identify the organizational citizenship behavior level, to measure the level of
organizational justice, to examine the relationship between organizational justice and organizational
citizenship behavior. Moreover, it aimed to investigate the role of perceived organizational support as a
mediating variable in the relationship between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior.
To achieve these objectives, a measurement tool was developed based on previous studies. A sample of (240)
employees working in Ministry of Interior in Gaza Strip were selected by using simple random sample. The
number of received questionnaires was (210) which represents (32.8%) of the entire population of the study.
The study found the level of organizational justice among the employees to be moderate and the level of
organizational citizenship behavior was high. The study also revealed significant positive relationship between
organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior. Additionally, the study found that
organizational support partially mediated the relationship between (distributive and Interactional Justice) and
organizational citizenship behavior, and fully mediated the relationship between procedural justice and
organizational citizenship behavior. Finally, the study recommended enhancing employees' perception of the
*
Mahabnt@hotmail.com
IUGJEBS 23(2) (2015) 13-95
13
organizational Justice especially interactional Justice and also including organizational citizenship behaviors in
performance evaluations systems.
Keywords: Organizational justice, Organizational Support, Organizational Citizenship Behavior.
Singh & Singh, 2010
Tepper, Lockhart & Hoobler, 2001
Noruzy et al.,
IUGJEBS 23(2) (2015) 31-59
11
Karriker & Williams, 2009 ;Young, 2010
Zoubi
Mediator
Variable
Mediator
IUGJEBS 23(2) (2015) 13-95
13
H1
H1a
H1b
H1c
H2
H2a
H2b
H2c
Independent
Dependent
Mediator
IUGJEBS 23(2) (2015) 31-59
19
3
- -
2012.
1-19
25-20
45-26
1977.
IUGJEBS 23(2) (2015) 13-95
13
Katz, 1964
Farah et al., 2004Organ, 1990
Lambert, 2006
Greenberg, 2011
Podsakoff et. al., 2000 2003
Polat, 2009
3
3
1
3
9
IUGJEBS 23(2) (2015) 31-59
13
Ortiz, 1999)Equity theory
Newstrom & Davis,
1993
.(Till & Karren, 2011Byars & Rue, 1997
Saale
& Moore,1993
2006
Rego & Cunha, 2006
Distributive Justice
Neifoff & Moorman
1993Procedural
Justice
Interactional Justice
(Neifoff & Moorman 1993)
Blakely et al., 2005
Interpersonal Justice
Informational Justice
IUGJEBS 23(2) (2015) 13-95
13
Social Exchange) Benefits)
Exchange
Eisenberger
.
Rhoades & Eisenberger, 2002
.
Cropanzano & Mitchell, 2005
Eisenberger et al., 1990)
Eisenberger, et al., 1997.
Eisenberger et al., 1997
2012
(Netemeyer et al., 1997)
Ahmadi et al, 201173
IUGJEBS 23(2) (2015) 31-59
15
Nadiri
& Tanova, 2010
Chiaburu & lim, 2008120
Messer & White, 2006
138
Blakely, et al., 2005
Moormam, 1991 ; Chegini, 20092012
Ambrose & chminke,2003
Moorman et al., 1998
2000
Wayne et al., 1997
2013
Chen & Chiu, 2008
Wayne et al., 2002
Loi et al., 2006
Moormen et al., 1998
IUGJEBS 23(2) (2015) 13-95
34
2010 ;
2007;2004
2012 ;Nadiri & Tanova, 2010 ;
2012 chiaburu & ; Lim , 2008;Karriker & Williams, 2009;Young, 2010
Moormen et
al., 1998Noruzy et al., 2011
Mediator
Individual
639
240
Krejcie and Morgan, 1970
Sekaran, 200337.5
21087.5%
8
IUGJEBS 23(2) (2015) 31-59
33
20231.6%
(%)
81.7 165
18.3 37
48.0 97 29-18
33.1 67 39-30
12.9 26 49-40
06.0 12 60-50
17.8 36
67.8 137
14.4 29
17.8 36 6
28.8 58 15-7
53.4 108 15
26.7 54
73.3 148
1
%81.718.3%
2012
6%
85.0%
2005
617.8%1528.8%
73.3%
26.7
IUGJEBS 23(2) (2015) 13-95
33
19
Niehof & Moorman, 19936
Eisenberger et al., 1986
20)
Organ, 1990
25
(0.7)
p<0.05
Content Validity
Construct Validity(Factor Analysis)
(Principle Component
VarimaxFactor LoadingIgbaria, Iivari &
Maragahh, 19950.50
IUGJEBS 23(2) (2015) 31-59
31
KMO
60%Berlet
0.05
2
KMO
3 0.908 65% 19
1
5
- 5
2 9
1 0.814 53% 6
4 0.859 68% 20
1
5
1 4
- 3
2 5
- 3
2KMO
0.60
Berlet0.50
50%
Tabachnick & Fidell, 2007850%
3750%
30.940–0.783
0.7Hair et al., 2010
IUGJEBS 23(2) (2015) 13-95
33
1
0.820
0.783
0.831
0.804
0.940
0.937
0.898
0.884
0.826
0.862
0.813
4Pearson
11Cohen,1992
r
0.1 - 0.29r0.30 - 0.49
r0.50
4
5 4 3 2 1
1
1 0.700**
1 0.629** 0.584**
1 0.411** 0.446** 0.533**
1 0.551** 0.326* 0.352** 0.430**
Note: **P<0.01, and *P<0.05
SPSS.14
IUGJEBS 23(2) (2015) 31-59
39
Hair et al., 20105Skewness &
Kurtosis(±1.96, ± 2.58
scatter plot
VIF100.05
Multicollinearity
Durbin-Watson
1.4922.1761.8011.5 and 2.5
(Coakes et al., 2006)
2
0.66 1.53 -0.23 -0.68
0.76 1.68 -0.27 -0.49
0.83 1.27 -0.89 -0.28
-0.66 -0.02
-0.27 -0.66
64.12
0.351Hair et al.,
20104.204.17
4.144.074.02
IUGJEBS 23(2) (2015) 13-95
33
6
0.83 3.86
0.79 3.78
0.88 3.21
0.65 3.61
0.35 4.12
0.62 3.79
6
3.613.86
3.783.21
1
H1a
(7) 9.335 1.96
.(0.01) R0.430
Cohen ,1992r=0.30
to 0.49R²(18.5%)
F87.440.01
H1a
IUGJEBS 23(2) (2015) 31-59
33
7
Durbin
Watson
F-
value Sig.F t Sig R
Adj.
R² R²
1.801 87.44 ** 9.335 ** 0.430 0.181 0.185
2.176 45.11 ** 6.376 ** 0.352 0.122 0.124
1.492 62.51 * 8.116 * 0.326 0.103 0.106
**p<0.01, *p<0.05
H1b (7)
6.376 1.96 0.01
RR²0.3520.124adj.R²
12%)
F45.110.01
0.352
H1b
H1c (7)
8.116 1.96 .(0.05)
R²0.3260.106
adj.R²(10.6%)
0.326
F
62.510.05
H1c
H1
Baron & Kenny, 1986
IUGJEBS 23(2) (2015) 13-95
33
Perfect Mediation
Partial Mediation)
8
Sig. F- F value Sig t β R²
** 120.53 ** 11.35 0.533 0.284
** 160.41 ** 10.49 0.551 0.303
** 87.44 ** 9.335 0.430 0.185
** 98.12 ** 3.882 0.190 0.329
** 8.809 0.438
**p<0.01, *p<0.05
8H2a
Beta = 0.533,
t=11.35, sig=0.010.284(28%
Beta = 0.551, t=10.49, sig=0.01)R²
(30.3%
0.1850.01
Beta = 0.430, t= 9.335, sig=0.01)
Beta = 0.190)0.1850.329
0.01(F14.4%
IUGJEBS 23(2) (2015) 31-59
35
Partial Mediation
H2a
9
Sig. F- F
value Sig t β R²
** 113.60 ** 9.866 0.446 0.199
** 160.41 ** 10.49 0.551 0.303
** 54. 11 ** 6.376 0.352 0.124
89.224 17.83 0.133 0.317
** 8.441 0.495
**p<0.01, *p<0.05
9H2b
Beta =
0.446, t=9.866, sig=0.010.19920%)
Beta = 0.551, t=10.49, sig=0.01)
30.3%
0.1240.01)
Beta = 0.352, t= 6.376, sig=0.01)
Beta = 0.133)0.1240.317
19.3%
F
Full Mediation
H2b
IUGJEBS 23(2) (2015) 13-95
94
31
Sig. F- F value Sig t β R²
* 88.177 * 3.210 0.411 0.169
** 160.41 ** 10.49 0.551 0.303
** 62.51 * 8.116 0.326 0.106
** 68.70 ** 4.094 0.123 0.293
** 13.99 0.418
**p<0.01, *p<0.05
10H2c
10
Beta = 0.411, t=3.210, sig=0.050.169
(17%)
Beta = 0.551, t=10.49, sig=0.01)
(30.3%
0.106Beta = 0.326,
t= 8.116, sig=0.05)
Beta = 0.123, t=4.094, sig=0.01)R²0.1060.293
0.01F18.7%
H2c
H2
4.12
IUGJEBS 23(2) (2015) 31-59
93
2012;
2010;2007;(Yilmaz & Tasdan, 2009
2003; 2008
1997
3.61
3.21
2010;2007
Blakely et al., 2005 ; Young, 2010;
yilmaz & Tasdan, 2009; 20102009;
2004;2012
Ishak
& Alam, 2009
18.5%
IUGJEBS 23(2) (2015) 13-95
93
Nadiri &Tanova, 2010
10.6%
Fassina, Jones & Uggerstev
(Rhoades &
Eisenberger, 2002)
Wayne et al., 2002; Liu,
2009
Moorman
et al., 1998; Henry, 2007 ;Noruzy et al., 2011
IUGJEBS 23(2) (2015) 31-59
91
- 3.61
- 3.21
-
-
- 3.79
IUGJEBS 23(2) (2015) 13-95
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18.1%12.2%
10.3%
Mediator
IUGJEBS 23(2) (2015) 31-59
99
.
.
IUGJEBS 23(2) (2015) 13-95
93
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