View
215
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
The Market for Human Organs
Sandra AbdelmalakStephanie ChenJenny Young
HOW would this market work? Like markets for semen, human
eggs, and surrogate wombs. Free market
sales by living donors sales of future interests in organs to be removed on the death of the
donors sales of organs of a recently
deceased person by the family of the deceased
In a market…
The demand curve is likely to be relatively inelastic.
The quantity supplied is more likely to be responsive to changes in price.
Why ISN’T there a market for organs already?
Uniform Anatomical Gift Act put the government in charge of organ transplantation
National Organ Transplant Act in 1984 banned the sale of human organs from either dead or living donors in the United States.
WHY is there a need for a market?
1. Limit of supply/SHORTAGE
2. Number of donors falling/lack of incentives
3. Eliminate black markets
4,000 will die waiting 1,200 will become too sick and develop
complications making it impossible to endure a transplant
Kidneys needed Kidneys transplanted
Ratio
75,000 18,000 1/4
6647
6563
6520
6540
6560
6580
6600
6620
6640
6660
Number ofLivingKidneyDonors
2004 2005
according to a 2006 Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients report
According to the nonprofit United Network for Organ Sharing [UNOS]
Despite increases, an average of 15 people still die every day waiting for an organ
1991 2001
55,382 75,863
Number of women and children on the national organ
transplantation waiting list
1989 2000
4,011 5,984
Cadaveric Donors
1989 2000
1,918 5,532
Living Donors
according to the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [HSS]
ISSUES with the market of organs
Ethical Issues
defining death Organ allocation
amongst patients
Organs for prisoners
religious controversy
Political Issues
exploiting the poor
benefiting the rich
Human Rights Issues
the danger of selling organs using the organs of executed
prisoners who should be allowed to sell
their organs
OTHER problems with a market
Organ Theft Practice of illicitly removing/stealing
people's organs via surgery or in their death for further purposes
Almost become a “spoil of war” for those in China, India, etc.
Many horror stories surrounding this.
Black Market Why? Not enough
supply to meet demand.
Illegal but is thriving
Huge demand for organs increases its prices
provide organs to wealthy, but it’s the poor who sell
Online human organ sales Buyers and sellers
who could reach mutually agreeable prices over internet could eliminate shortage – Steve Dasbach
More lives can be saved (hypothetically)
Banned, ex: eBAY
Reasons that the Market CAN Work! In countries like India and Brazil, people
sell their organs which generate a high demand. No one wants to sit on a hospital bed waiting when they can just BUY their ticket home!
Transplant Tourism
Reasons the Market Might NOT Work! In January 2006, Iowa
passed legislation allowing income-tax credit when donating
BUT! Only 13 percent of donors said an income-tax credit was a reason for their donations, according to a study from Canada's National Survey of Giving, Volunteering, and Participating.
Source: http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=90632108
Sally Satel, a psychiatrist and resident scholar at the American Enterprise Institute who received a kidney from a friend in 2006, says:
Source: http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=90632108
James Childress, professor of ethics at the University of Virginia and chairman of the Institute of Medicine committee that produced the 2006 report "Organ Donation: Opportunities for Action," says:
Source: http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=90632108
Francis Delmonico, professor of surgery at Harvard Medical School and adviser to the World Health Organization on transplantation, says:
Recommended