The London Company, 1606 Get rich quick! Jamestown Settlement, 1609

TheTheLondonLondon

Company,Company,16061606

TheTheLondonLondon

Company,Company,16061606

Get rich Get rich quick!quick!

Jamestown Jamestown Settlement, 1609Settlement, 1609

Jamestown Jamestown Settlement, 1609Settlement, 1609

Chesapeake BayChesapeake BayChesapeake BayChesapeake Bay

Geographic/environmental Geographic/environmental problems??problems??

Jamestown Fort & Jamestown Fort & SettlementSettlement

(Computer Generated)(Computer Generated)

Jamestown Fort & Jamestown Fort & SettlementSettlement

(Computer Generated)(Computer Generated)

Jamestown HousingJamestown HousingJamestown HousingJamestown Housing

Jamestown Jamestown SettlementSettlementJamestown Jamestown SettlementSettlement

Jamestown Chapel, Jamestown Chapel, 16111611

Jamestown Chapel, Jamestown Chapel, 16111611

Captain John Smith:Captain John Smith:The Right Man for the Job??The Right Man for the Job??Captain John Smith:Captain John Smith:The Right Man for the Job??The Right Man for the Job??

There was no talk…but dig gold, There was no talk…but dig gold, wash gold, refine gold, load wash gold, refine gold, load

gold…gold…

English Migration: 1610-1660English Migration: 1610-1660English Migration: 1610-1660English Migration: 1610-1660

Jamestown Colonization Jamestown Colonization Pattern:Pattern:1620-16601620-1660

Jamestown Colonization Jamestown Colonization Pattern:Pattern:1620-16601620-1660

River Settlement River Settlement PatternPattern

River Settlement River Settlement PatternPattern

Large plantations [>100 Large plantations [>100 acres].acres].

Widely spread apart [>5 Widely spread apart [>5 miles].miles].

Social/EconomicSocial/EconomicPROBLEMS???PROBLEMS???

Why Was There Such Why Was There Such High Mortality?High Mortality?

Why Was There Such Why Was There Such High Mortality?High Mortality?

POPULATION:POPULATION: 1607: 104 colonists1607: 104 colonists

By spring, 1608: 38 survivedBy spring, 1608: 38 survived

1609: 300 more immigrants1609: 300 more immigrants

By spring, 1610: 60 survivedBy spring, 1610: 60 survived

1610 – 1624: 10,000 immigrants1610 – 1624: 10,000 immigrants

1624 population: 1,2001624 population: 1,200

Adult life expectancy: 40 yearsAdult life expectancy: 40 years

Death of children before age 5: Death of children before age 5: 80%80%

WidowarchyWidowarchyWidowarchyWidowarchy

High mortality High mortality among among husbands and husbands and fathers left fathers left many women many women in the in the Chesapeake Chesapeake colonies with colonies with unusual unusual autonomy and autonomy and wealth!wealth!

John RolfeJohn RolfeJohn RolfeJohn Rolfe

What finally made the colony What finally made the colony prosperous??prosperous??

Tobacco PlantTobacco PlantTobacco PlantTobacco Plant

Virginia’s gold and silver.Virginia’s gold and silver. -- John Rolfe, 1612 -- John Rolfe, 1612

Early Colonial TobaccoEarly Colonial TobaccoEarly Colonial TobaccoEarly Colonial Tobacco

16181618 — Virginia produces 20,000 pounds of tobacco.

16221622 — Despite losing nearly one-third of its colonists in an Indian attack, Virginia produces 60,000 pounds of tobacco.

16271627 — Virginia produces 500,000 pounds of tobacco.

16291629 — Virginia produces 1,500,000 pounds of tobacco.

Tobacco Prices: 1618-Tobacco Prices: 1618-17101710

Tobacco Prices: 1618-Tobacco Prices: 1618-17101710

Indentured Indentured

ServitudeServitude

Indentured Indentured

ServitudeServitude

HeadrightHeadrightSystemSystem

Indentured ServitudeIndentured ServitudeIndentured ServitudeIndentured Servitude

Headright System:Headright System:

Each Virginian got 50 acres Each Virginian got 50 acres for each person whose for each person whose passage they paidpassage they paid

Indenture Contract:Indenture Contract:

5-7 years.5-7 years.

Promised “freedom dues” Promised “freedom dues” [land, $][land, $]

Forbidden to marry.Forbidden to marry.

1610-1614: only 1 in 10 1610-1614: only 1 in 10 outlived their indentured outlived their indentured contracts!contracts!

Chief Chief PowhatanPowhatan

Chief Chief PowhatanPowhatan

PocahontasPocahontasPocahontasPocahontas

A 1616 engravingA 1616 engraving

Powhatan ConfederacyPowhatan ConfederacyPowhatan ConfederacyPowhatan Confederacy

PowhatanPowhatanIndian VillageIndian Village

PowhatanPowhatanIndian VillageIndian Village

Indian FoodsIndian FoodsIndian FoodsIndian Foods

Powhatan UprisingPowhatan Uprisingof 1622of 1622

Powhatan UprisingPowhatan Uprisingof 1622of 1622

Why was Why was 16191619 a pivotal year a pivotal year

for the for the Chesapeake Chesapeake settlement?settlement?

Why was Why was 16191619 a pivotal year a pivotal year

for the for the Chesapeake Chesapeake settlement?settlement?

VirginiaVirginiaHouse of BurgessesHouse of Burgesses

VirginiaVirginiaHouse of BurgessesHouse of Burgesses

17c Population17c Populationin the Chesapeakein the Chesapeake

17c Population17c Populationin the Chesapeakein the Chesapeake

0

20000

40000

60000

80000

100000

1607 1630 1650 1670 1690

White

Black

Population of Population of Chesapeake Colonies: Chesapeake Colonies:

1610-1750 1610-1750

Population of Population of Chesapeake Colonies: Chesapeake Colonies:

1610-1750 1610-1750

Colonization of Colonization of MarylandMaryland

Colonization of Colonization of MarylandMaryland

George Calvert, George Calvert, Lord BaltimoreLord Baltimore

George Calvert, George Calvert, Lord BaltimoreLord Baltimore

Nathaniel Bacon’s Nathaniel Bacon’s Rebellion: 1676Rebellion: 1676

Nathaniel Bacon’s Nathaniel Bacon’s Rebellion: 1676Rebellion: 1676

Nathaniel Nathaniel BaconBacon GovernorGovernor

William William BerkeleyBerkeley

Bacon’s Rebellion: 1676Bacon’s Rebellion: 1676Bacon’s Rebellion: 1676Bacon’s Rebellion: 1676

Governor Berkeley’sGovernor Berkeley’s“Fault Line”“Fault Line”

Governor Berkeley’sGovernor Berkeley’s“Fault Line”“Fault Line”