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The Future of Work: Business Models
Working Poor Families Project Policy AcademyJune 4-5, 2015
Maureen Conway and Vickie Choitz
• Many factors influence business strategy and business models
• Purpose of business is profits, not job creation
• Business interest and societal interest not always the same (e.g. environment)
Trends
• Outsourcing• Contracting• Flatter management structures and shorter
tenures diminished internal career ladders• Sharing economy
Goal: Lower labor costs; higher profitability
Distribution of low-wage work by industry, 2013
*Only those industries which account for 3 percent or more of sub-standard employment are included
Manufacturin
g
Constructi
onRetail
Transp. &
Warehousin
g
Admin. & su
pport
Education Sv
cs
Health Care
Food Sv
cs & drin
king
0.00%10.00%20.00%30.00%40.00%50.00%60.00%70.00%80.00%
% of Low Wage Work% of workers within the industry who are low wage employees
Industries differ in their reliance on low-wage work
Businesses Have Choices.. And some make better choices than others
Alternative Business Models/Practices
• Profit sharing models– ESOPs
• Coops– worker ownership, democratic governance
• Employee friendly practices– OBM: Finance/data “open”; know the rules, move the
numbers; employees share in biz success– “Good Jobs Strategy”
• Benefit corporations– Governance; workers; community; environment
Encouraging Alternative Models/Better Business
• Persuasion– Is it better business? “Good Jobs Strategy”
• Regulate– Set rules– Question: Unintended consequences (e.g. fissured
workplace)
• Preference– Procurement– Awards, public praise, consumer awareness/campaigns
Notes on Sharing Economy
What kind of opportunity and for whom?Access, sufficiency, opportunity
Tasks vs. jobs—what does it mean to work? What is role of policy in “encouraging work” or managing risk?
What values will guide laws/rules to govern the sharing economy?
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