The Five Themes of Geography Table of content #4 Five Theme notes!!

The Five Themes of Geography

Table of content #4 Five Theme notes!!

Why Study Geography in a class about World History?

• It affects where people live (Settlement patterns)

• It affects how people live then and now

• It affects/affected the outcome of major historical events.

The 5 Themes of Geography

1. Location2. Movement3. Region4. Place5. Human/ Environment Interaction

Theme # 1: LocationWhere is it??Where is it??

Location:

• There are two types of LOCATION!!

• AbsoluteAbsolute

• RelativeRelative

Absolute Location:

• Absolute Location is found by using…

• Two specific line types

• LatitudeLatitude

• LongitudeLongitude

Absolute Location: • Latitude Lines

AKA (Parallels)

Or Lines of Flatitude

Latitude lines are drawn from:

East to WestEast to West

Latitude lines measure:

North to SouthNorth to South

• The Major Line of LATITUDE is the:• EquatorEquator0’ degrees0’ degrees

• It splits the Earth into:It splits the Earth into:• the Northern and the Northern and Southern HemispheresSouthern Hemispheres

Absolute Location:

Define Hemisphere:

• Half of a globe Half of a globe

(in our case the Earth)(in our case the Earth)

• Other important lines of LATITUDE:

• 22 1/3 * North = Tropic of Cancer• 22 1/3 * South = Tropic of Capricorn

• They are important because: They get the most direct sunlight making these areas the hottest places on Earth

Absolute Location:

• Other important lines:• 66 1/2 * North = Arctic Circle• 66 1/2 * South = Antarctic Circle

They are important because:These areas get the least amount of sunlight. Part of the year there is no sunlight and the other part of the year there is no darkness.

Absolute Location:

• Longitude Lines

AKA (Meridians)

Longitude lines are drawn from: North to SouthNorth to South

Longitude lines measure: East to WestEast to West

Absolute Location:

• The Major Line of LONGITUDE is the:• Prime MeridianPrime Meridian0’ degrees 0’ degrees

• It splits the Earth into:It splits the Earth into:• the Eastern and the Eastern and Western HemispheresWestern Hemispheres

Absolute Location:

• Can you find an ABSOLUTE LOCATION

Using Latitude & Longitude?Here are some examples how a latitude

and longitude maps look..

Absolute Location:

Absolute Location:

30*N 15*W

45*S 45*E

30*S 60*W

15*N 30*E

30*N 60*W

45*N 45*E

60*S 60*W

60*N 30*W

30*S 15*E

60*S 75*E

Absolute Location:

World Latitude & Longitude World Latitude & Longitude ActivityActivity

Relative Location:

• Where an area is depending on where Where an area is depending on where another area is!another area is!

Figure out where Mr. K’s desk is in relation to something else in the room!

Theme # 2: Movement• How are people linked together?How are people linked together?

Movement:

• Movement is……..…Movement is……..…• How people in one area contact How people in one area contact

people in other areas.people in other areas.

• How ideas, people or goods move. How ideas, people or goods move.

• Examples: Immigration/Emigration, Examples: Immigration/Emigration, Transportation, Communication, and Transportation, Communication, and

Goods.Goods.

Movement:

• What can move??

Movement:

• How can things move??

Movement:• Through movement we connect all of

our world together.

• This is called globalization!globalization!

• When we are interdependent on each other for our economy, culture, politics, socialization, and technology.

Theme # 3: Region

• Areas defined by its characteristics.Areas defined by its characteristics.

• What does it have in common?What does it have in common?

Region:

• A region describes:• Areas that have common characteristics.

• These can include Sports teams, buildings, or items identifiable to an area.

• Regions can be:

BIGBIGor

smallsmall

Region:

• There are two types of Regions

• FormalFormal

• FunctionalFunctional

Region:

• Formal Regions is an. . .• Area in which a certain characteristic is

found throughout throughout the area• Example: City, State, Country, Continent

• Example. The Pacific Northwest, the Northeast, the South, the west coast, etc…

Region:

• Functional Regions

• Have one central place and is surrounded by the areas it affects

• Example: Hershey, PA or Seattle Wa

Theme # 4: Place What is it like to live there?What is it like to live there?

Place: W

hat i

s it l

ike?

Wha

t is i

t lik

e?

Place: What is it like?What is it like?

Place:

Wha

t is

it lik

e?

Wha

t is

it lik

e?

Place:

Each PLACE on Earth has it own:

DISTINCT CHARACTERISTICSDISTINCT CHARACTERISTICS

Two types:Two types:

HumanHuman

OrOr

PhysicalPhysical

(something that makes it different than any other place in the world)

Place:

• Physical Features:• The Earth is covered in 30 % land• All landforms are described by their elevation• Elevation is the height above sea level

• There are 4 main types of landforms they are:

1.Mountains

2.Hills

3.Plateaus

4.Plains

Place:

• Physical Features:• Another physical feature is also an areas

climate.

– What affects climate?What affects climate?

• There are 3 major climate regions.• TropicalTropical

• Temperate (Mid-Latitude)Temperate (Mid-Latitude)

• PolarPolar

Place:

All climate regions are affected by:1. Sun1. Sun

2. Water2. Water

3. Wind3. Wind

Temperate:

Polar:• Everything North of the Arctic Circle Everything North of the Arctic Circle

& Everything South of the Antarctic & Everything South of the Antarctic CircleCircle

Polar:• No sunlight during part of the year No sunlight during part of the year

• No darkness during part of the yearNo darkness during part of the year

• Very cold Very cold

• Few people live hereFew people live here

Human characteristics of Place•Language•Religion

•Architecture•Cultural identifiers

(dress/traditionsCeremonies, etc)

•Economic, social and political organization.

• How we interact / adapt to How we interact / adapt to our environment? our environment? (Positively or negatively)(Positively or negatively)

Human/Environment Interaction:(HEI)

HEI:

• Human/Environment Interaction explains:–How people use and change their

environment

HEI:

• The environment influences how:

• We live and adapt to our surroundings.

• Examples:

Does the environment affect where we Does the environment affect where we do these activities? (how are people do these activities? (how are people

adapting to the environment?adapting to the environment?

HEI:

• When ever people come in contact with something they:

• Change it!

• Examples are: » Good

» Bad

» Both

HEI = Global Warming

•A negative effect of people interacting with their environment.

HEI = Global Warming

1979 2005

What is happening because of global warming?

HEI: Global Warming

• What can we do to help??

Location:AIQ

Movement:DLM

GeographicThemes

Place:EGOP

Human/Environment Interaction:

BHJN

Can you place the geographic term with

the correct geographic theme!?!?

EquatorBuilding roadsSouthwest AsiaVisiting another countryOn an island Western USA very hot climatePlanting cropslongitude

Cutting down forestsYour neighborhoodChanging your addressWritten lettersBuilding new housesAreas with little rainfallSwiss chalets & high mts = SwitzerlandTexas is south of Oklahoma

Region:

CFK

Location:AIQ

GeographicThemes

Human/Environment Interaction:

BHJN

EquatorBuilding roadsSouthwest AsiaVisiting another countryOn an island Western USA very hot climatePlanting cropslongitude

Cutting down forestsYour neighborhoodChanging your addressWritten lettersBuilding new housesAreas with little rainfallSwiss chalets & high mts = SwitzerlandTexas is south of Oklahoma

Region:

CFK

Location:AIQ

GeographicThemes

Human/Environment Interaction:

BHJN

EquatorBuilding roadsSouthwest AsiaVisiting another countryOn an island Western USA very hot climatePlanting cropslongitude

Cutting down forestsYour neighborhoodChanging your addressWritten lettersBuilding new housesAreas with little rainfallSwiss chalets & high mts = SwitzerlandTexas is south of Oklahoma

Region:

CFK

Location:AIQ

GeographicThemes

Human/Environment Interaction:

BHJN

Place:EGOP

EquatorBuilding roadsSouthwest AsiaVisiting another countryOn an island Western USA very hot climatePlanting cropslongitude

Cutting down forestsYour neighborhoodChanging your addressWritten lettersBuilding new housesAreas with little rainfallSwiss chalets & high mts = SwitzerlandTexas is south of Oklahoma

Region:

CFK

Location:AIQ

GeographicThemes

Human/Environment Interaction:

BHJN

Place:EGOP

EquatorBuilding roadsSouthwest AsiaVisiting another countryOn an island Western USA very hot climatePlanting cropslongitude

Cutting down forestsYour neighborhoodChanging your addressWritten lettersBuilding new housesAreas with little rainfallSwiss chalets & high mts = SwitzerlandTexas is south of Oklahoma

Region:

CFK

Location:AIQ

GeographicThemes

Place:EGOP

EquatorBuilding roadsSouthwest AsiaVisiting another countryOn an island Western USA very hot climatePlanting cropslongitude

Cutting down forestsYour neighborhoodChanging your addressWritten lettersBuilding new housesAreas with little rainfallSwiss chalets & high mts = SwitzerlandTexas is south of Oklahoma

Region:

CFK

Location:AIQ

GeographicThemes

Human/Environment Interaction:

BHJN

Movement:DLM

Can you place the geographic term with

the correct geographic theme!?!?