The 20 th century’s CUBA hum2461 Instructor: Ericka Ghersi

The 20th century’s CUBA

hum2461

Instructor: Ericka Ghersi

How was Cuba pictured at the beginning of the 20th

century?

Cuba was the city of casinos and night clubs for businesses.

Hotel Nacional de Cuba

How these dancers look like?

Casino Tropicana (1928-present)

How this dancer looks like?

Queens of Tropic

Casino Tropicana (1928)

Its dancers (present)

Cuban Goverments

1925-1933 Gerardo Machado.1933 Cuban revolution led by Fulgencio Batista and others (National Union).1933-1944 Fulgencio Batista (Democratic Social Coalition).1944-1952 Cuban Revolutionary Party.1952-1959 Fulgencio Batista.1959-present Fidel Castro.

List of presidents in Cuba

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_Cuba

Important people for Cuba

1. José Martí (1853-95)2. “Ché” Guevara (1928-67)3. Fidel Castro (1926)4. Pablo Milanés (1943)

“Che” Guevara

“Che” Guevara y Fidel Castro

Pablo Milanés

Éramos (José Martí)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2Tq1GX5fCms

Éramos una visión,We were imaginarycon el pecho de atleta,of muscular menlas manos de petimetrewith hands for slaveryy la frente de niño.and with a child forehead.

Éramos una máscara,We were a mascaraedcon los calzones de Inglaterra,with British trousersel chaleco parisién,with a French vest,el chaquetón de Norteaméricawith a American jacket,y la montera de España.and with Spanish bad habits and accent .

El indio, mudo,The Indian man, mute,nos daba vueltas alrededor,walked around us,y se iba al monte,and run away to the mountains,a la cumbre del monte,to the top of the mountain,a bautizar a sus hijos.in order to baptize his children.

El negro, oteado,The African man, bad treated,cantaba en la nochesang at nightla música de su corazón,his pain,solo y desconocido,alone, unknown,entre las olas y las fieras.between the waves of the sea and the animals of the forest. (without space/in between)

El campesino, el creador,The peasant man, the maker,se revolvía, ciego de indignación,complained with fury,contra la ciudad desdeñosa,against the contempted city,contra su criatura.against his creature.

Cuban history until the Revolution

Cuba history started from the 18th century.

All the goods Cuba had were taken by International companies, especially, American companies. Among them an alcoholic beverage’s company: Bacardi.

http://vimeo.com/10731253

The End of the First Half of Cuban History

Video

cinemaoccurred on January 24, 1897. It was brought from Mexico by Gabriel Veyre. The first presentation was offered at Paseo del Prado #126, just aside the Teatro Tacón, today called Gran Teatro de La Habana. •The first ambitious genre in the continent was probably historic reviews. In Cuba films like "El Capitán Mambí" y "Libertadores o guerrilleros" (1914), de Enríque Díaz Quesada with support from the general Mario García Menocal are worth mentioning. Díaz Quesada adapted from the Spanish novelist Joaquín Dicenta in 1910, as a tendency widely used then, of using literary works adapted for movies, as well as imitating Chaplin, the French comedies and cowboys adventure films. The silent stage of production was extended until 1937, when the first full-length fiction movie was produced.

• 1945 la reina del tropico: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jDoQrJctVik

• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BuhTp5ThqKo&feature=related

• http://www.youtube.com/user/cinemacabaret

Sobre el cine de las rumberas: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XRHV7hSAook

Sobre la santeria: http://www.youtube.com/watch?NR=1&v=sUYPwuUdg3gAristocracia mexicana y cubana: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Duu7gUujP2s (hasta 3.11seg)

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XRHV7hSAook

1953-1959Movimiento 26 de Julio (M-26), Cuba

Castrist, Nationalist, Marxist. When Fulgencio Batista took control of the government on March 10, 1952, Fidel Castro stood up against him and filed a lawsuit demanding his arrest, but the court ruled against it.

On July 26, 1953, Castro and 170 guerrillas attacked the Moncada barracks in Santiago. The attacks were a failure: Abel Santamaría was killed and Castro received a 15-year prison sentence affairs. Leaders: Fidel Castro, Raúl Castro, Camilo Cienfuegos, Ernesto "Che" Guevara, Armando Hart, Frank País, René Ramos Latour, David Salvado and Abel Santamaría.

After amnesty was granted in May 1955, Castro was released and he headed for Mexico to create and train a new guerrilla force. There he met Ernesto "Che" Guevara. The new force set off for Cuba on November 26, 1956. Despite Batista's attempts to crush the movement, the M-26 continued to gain popularity; for example, the Partido Socialista Popular (PSP) and the Cuban Communist Party (PCC) expressed their support.

M-26’s best known action was when “Che” Guevara and his troops took over Santa Clara on December 24, 1958, forcing Batista to flee. After Batista’s departure, Manuel Urrutia was appointed president and Castro became prime minister. Eventually, Fidel Castro became the nation’s leader. M-26 was one of the few guerrilla groups that succeeded in overthrowing a government and taking over power. Fidel Castro was in power for over 50 years. Recently because of health concerns his brother Raúl assumed leadership of the island, although Fidel seems to still be active in the country’s political