Text Structures Informational Text. What are text structures? Different types of informational...

Text StructuresText Structures

Informational TextInformational Text

What are text structures?What are text structures?

Different types of informational Different types of informational passages have different passages have different text text structuresstructures. .

Text structures are organizational Text structures are organizational patterns. patterns.

Authors use certain text structures to Authors use certain text structures to help their audience better help their audience better understand the information understand the information presented.presented.

What are the types of What are the types of informational text structures? informational text structures?

The most common are CAUSE AND The most common are CAUSE AND EFFECT, COMPARE/CONTRAST, EFFECT, COMPARE/CONTRAST, PROBLEM AND SOLUTION, and PROBLEM AND SOLUTION, and CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER.CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER.

CAUSE AND EFFECTCAUSE AND EFFECTCharacteristicsCharacteristics

describes a reason and its describes a reason and its effect(s)effect(s)

CAUSE AND EFFECT signal CAUSE AND EFFECT signal words/phraseswords/phrases

EffectEffectAs a resultAs a resultBecauseBecauseConsequentlyConsequentlyFor this reasonFor this reason If…thenIf…thenSinceSinceThereforeTherefore

COMPARE/CONTRASTCOMPARE/CONTRASTCharacteristicsCharacteristics

Compares and contrasts Compares and contrasts specific elements of two or specific elements of two or more thingsmore things

COMPARE/CONTRAST signal COMPARE/CONTRAST signal words/phraseswords/phrases

AlikeAlikeAs opposed toAs opposed toDifferentDifferent In commonIn commonOn the other handOn the other handSimilarSimilar

PROBLEM AND SOLUTION PROBLEM AND SOLUTION CharacteristicsCharacteristics

Describes a problem and its Describes a problem and its solution(s)solution(s)

PROBLEM AND SOLUTION signal PROBLEM AND SOLUTION signal words/phraseswords/phrases

AffectAffectAs a resultAs a resultBecauseBecauseConsequentlyConsequentlyFor this reasonFor this reason If…thenIf…thenSinceSincethereforetherefore

CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER characteristicscharacteristics

Sequence, or order based on timeSequence, or order based on timeChrono = timeChrono = time

CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER signal CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER signal words/phraseswords/phrases

FirstFirstNextNextLast Last ThenThenAfterAfterBeforeBeforeLaterLater

Social Studies and Science Social Studies and Science TextsTexts

Most texts in SOCIAL STUDIES tend Most texts in SOCIAL STUDIES tend to be structured in to be structured in chronological chronological orderorder or or cause and effectcause and effect. .

Most texts in SCIENCE tend to be Most texts in SCIENCE tend to be organized in organized in problem/solutionproblem/solution..

Let’s PracticeLet’s Practice

Read the following passage. Read the following passage. Determine the text structure and Determine the text structure and explain how it contributes to the explain how it contributes to the overall development of ideas.overall development of ideas.

In the game of volleyball, players hit a In the game of volleyball, players hit a ball over a long net that stretches ball over a long net that stretches across a court. There are twelve across a court. There are twelve players on the court at one time—six players on the court at one time—six players per team.players per team.

The game of tennis is similar to The game of tennis is similar to volleyball in that a ball is hit over a volleyball in that a ball is hit over a long net on a court, but this is all the long net on a court, but this is all the two sports have in common. In tennis, two sports have in common. In tennis, the ball is hit with a racquet, and only the ball is hit with a racquet, and only two or four players are on the court at two or four players are on the court at one time.one time.

Independently read “The Trouble with Independently read “The Trouble with Television,” p. 558 in your textbook. Television,” p. 558 in your textbook.

Identify the text structure, and create a Identify the text structure, and create a thinking map that best represents this thinking map that best represents this structure (add details to the thinking structure (add details to the thinking map based on the structure).map based on the structure).

In the frame of the map: identify tone In the frame of the map: identify tone (with examples); author’s purpose and (with examples); author’s purpose and perspective; and a summary of the story.perspective; and a summary of the story.

Now it’s your turn!Now it’s your turn!