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Temporary Foreign WorkersTemporary Foreign Workers(TFWs) – part of the solution(TFWs) – part of the solution
Canadian Home Builders’ AssociationCanadian Home Builders’ AssociationNETAC MeetingNETAC MeetingJune 6, 2008June 6, 2008Ottawa, OntarioOttawa, Ontario
Workforce RealitiesWorkforce Realities
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
1,000
1,100
1976 1979 1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006 2009 2012 2015
5%
8%
11%
14%
17%
20%
23%
26%
29%
32%'000s
EmploymentLabour Force
Unemployment Rate(Right Axis)
(55% increase in employment 1998 - 2007)Employment & Labour Force, Construction Industry, CanadaEmployment & Labour Force, Construction Industry, Canada
CSC trades / occupation are 70% of the Construction IndustrySource: Statistics Canada and Construction Sector Council (Preliminary)
Workforce RealitiesWorkforce Realities
Source: Statistics Canada and Construction Sector Council (Preliminary)
Net Employment Change & Construction Retirements Canada, 2007-2016Net Employment Change & Construction Retirements Canada, 2007-2016
135,000
160,000
50,000
70,000
90,000
110,000
130,000
150,000
170,000
190,000
Net Employment Gain Total Retirements
295,000 workers need to be recruited and trained by 2016
Workforce RealitiesWorkforce Realities
Source: Statistics Canada and Construction Sector Council (Preliminary)
15%
18%
19%
20%
20%
23%
23%
23%
24%
25%
19%
10% 13% 15% 18% 20% 23% 25% 28%
AB
SK
ON
BC
MB
NS
PEI
QC
NB
NL
CAN
Cumulative Construction Workforce Retirements as % of 2007 Workforce, 2007 - 2016Cumulative Construction Workforce Retirements as % of 2007 Workforce, 2007 - 2016
Workforce RealitiesWorkforce Realities
34%
32%
28%
31%
26%
24%
23%
23%
20%
23%
25%
23%
24%
23%
23%
19%
20%
18%
15%
20%
10% 13% 15% 18% 20% 23% 25% 28% 30% 33% 35% 38%
NL
NS
NB
PEI
QC
ON
MB
SK
AB
BC
Managers All Trades
Source: Statistics Canada and Construction Sector Council (Preliminary)
Cumulative Retirements as % of 2007 Workforce, Construction Managers, 2007 - 2016Cumulative Retirements as % of 2007 Workforce, Construction Managers, 2007 - 2016
Workforce RealitiesWorkforce Realities
31%
27%
27%
26%
27%
21%
24%
19%
18%
22%
25%
23%
24%
23%
23%
19%
20%
18%
15%
20%
10% 13% 15% 18% 20% 23% 25% 28% 30% 33%
NL
NS
NB
PEI
QC
ON
MB
SK
AB
BC
Supervisors All Trades
Source: Statistics Canada and Construction Sector Council (Preliminary)
Cumulative Retirements as % of 2007 Workforce, Contractors & Supervisors, 2007 - 2016Cumulative Retirements as % of 2007 Workforce, Contractors & Supervisors, 2007 - 2016
Temporary Foreign WorkersTemporary Foreign Workers(TFWs) – part of the solution(TFWs) – part of the solution
TFWs – part of the solutionTFWs – part of the solutionImmigration programs that target skilled workers:Immigration programs that target skilled workers:
Economic Immigrant Program Economic Immigrant Program • includes both skilled worker class and business class immigrantsincludes both skilled worker class and business class immigrants• not a significant source of supply of workers in the skilled trades for
construction industry - related to the point scoring system
Provincial Nominee ProgramProvincial Nominee Program• operates under bilateral agreements between the federal government operates under bilateral agreements between the federal government
and provincial governments and involves provinces to a greater and provincial governments and involves provinces to a greater degree in the selection of immigrants. degree in the selection of immigrants.
• nomination through this process removes the necessity to meet CIC nomination through this process removes the necessity to meet CIC point screening requirementspoint screening requirements
Temporary Foreign Worker ProgramTemporary Foreign Worker Program• applicants are allowed temporary entry into Canada if they have an
offer for work, meet the usual visitor requirements, intend to stay in Canada only temporarily, and have the skills and qualifications needed to perform the work.
TFWs – part of the solutionTFWs – part of the solutionImmigration programs that target skilled workers (cont’d)Immigration programs that target skilled workers (cont’d)::
Canadian Experience Class (CEC)Canadian Experience Class (CEC)
CEC will facilitate the transition from temporary status to permanent CEC will facilitate the transition from temporary status to permanent residence for temporary foreign workers and international students residence for temporary foreign workers and international students with Canadian degrees and Canadian work experiencewith Canadian degrees and Canadian work experience
For Temporary Foreign Workers - workers who hold a secondary For Temporary Foreign Workers - workers who hold a secondary school diploma, trade certificate or apprenticeship and have a least school diploma, trade certificate or apprenticeship and have a least two years of recent (i.e. within three years preceding the application for two years of recent (i.e. within three years preceding the application for CEC) full-time Canadian skilled work experienceCEC) full-time Canadian skilled work experience
Applicants will be selected if they meet the parameters noted above, Applicants will be selected if they meet the parameters noted above, have legally come to Canada to work or study, have valid temporary have legally come to Canada to work or study, have valid temporary status in Canada at the time of application, and have moderate official status in Canada at the time of application, and have moderate official language proficiencylanguage proficiency
TFWs – part of the solutionTFWs – part of the solution TFW study provided an TFW study provided an
opportunity to examine the entire opportunity to examine the entire process that involves a number process that involves a number of stakeholderof stakeholder
Describe the scope of the TFW Describe the scope of the TFW programprogram
Identify entry points, process, Identify entry points, process, organizations involved, and roles organizations involved, and roles they play in bringing workers into they play in bringing workers into CanadaCanada
Describe work preparedness stepsDescribe work preparedness steps
Identify gaps in services and Identify gaps in services and supportssupports
Determine what is working well Determine what is working well and what needs improvingand what needs improving
TFWs – part of the solutionTFWs – part of the solution Key government players in the TFW process:
Human Resources & Social Development CanadaHuman Resources & Social Development Canada Labour market opinion prepared by Service CanadaLabour market opinion prepared by Service Canada
Citizenship and Immigration CanadaCitizenship and Immigration Canada Applications for work permits & issues temporary resident visasApplications for work permits & issues temporary resident visas
Canada Border ServicesCanada Border Services Screen workers & issues work permitsScreen workers & issues work permits
Provincial Apprenticeship AuthoritiesProvincial Apprenticeship Authorities Assessing foreign credentials & experienceAssessing foreign credentials & experience
TFWs – part of the solutionTFWs – part of the solution TFWs are part of how the construction
industry is meeting short term demand:
Temporary foreign workers are currently filling critical human resource gaps within the Canadian construction industry
Being utilized as a provincial / territorial / regional solution to meet demand for construction services and resulting from growing retirement rates
Study revealed that TFWs are meeting peak demand needs, especially in Alberta, British Columbia, and Ontario
TFWs – part of the solutionTFWs – part of the solution
Only a small proportion of TFWs work in construction In 2005, just under 100,000 TFWs came into
Canada for all sectors of the economy
In 2006, 165,000
In 2005, just over 3,000 of those TFWs worked in occupations related to construction
3% of all TFWs worked in construction
TFWs – part of the solutionTFWs – part of the solution
• TFWs are small part of total construction workforce
Number of TFWs in the Canadian construction industry almost doubled between 2004 and 2005 - from 1,765 to 3,056
Growing tends – recent numbers for Alberta show dramatic and exponential growth
In 2005, total construction labour force was just over 1 million workers - in that same year, new TFW work permits issued for construction work was just over 3,000
This was less than half of 1% of workforce
TFWs – part of the solutionTFWs – part of the solution
Considerable investment bringing TFWs into Canada - borne by the industry (employer and labour groups) and the TFW
Estimates range between $12,000 to $18,000 to bring in a TFW Anecdotal information from industry interviews
Examples include industry time and effort of navigating through a complex system and the hard costs borne by the TFW applying for a work permit and cost of recruiters
TFWs – part of the solutionTFWs – part of the solution In 2005, Construction industry
TFWs were concentrated in three provinces
Ontario – 1,009 British Columbia – 882 Alberta – 749 All other provinces – 815
TFW highly utilized in provinces with highest concentration of construction activity
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
2005
2005 W o rk P erm its Issu ed b y P ro vin ce
B C AB S K M N ON QC N B N S P E N L
TFWs – part of the solutionTFWs – part of the solution
127
62
58
51
45
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
In su lato rs
C arp en ters
T rad es/H elp ers /L ab o u rers
Iro n W o rkers
S team fitters /P ip efitters
Top Occupations in AlbertaTop Occupations in Alberta
Work Permits Granted in 2005
TFWs – part of the solutionTFWs – part of the solution
111
94
73
63
53
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
C arp en ters
R es./C o m m . In sta lle rs
S team fitters /P ip efitters
In d u stria l E lectric ian s
M illw rig h ts
Top Occupations in British ColumbiaTop Occupations in British Columbia
Work Permits Granted in 2005
TFWs – part of the solutionTFWs – part of the solution
331
131
83
58
41
0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350
S team fitters /P ip efitters
C arp en ters
In d u stria l M ech an ics
C o n stru ctio nM an ag ers
B rick layers
Top Occupations in OntarioTop Occupations in Ontario
Work Permits Granted in 2005
TFWs – part of the solutionTFWs – part of the solution Alberta has seen exponential growth in the use of
the TFW program for construction in 2006 and 2007
Modest increases in Ontario and British Columbia
Labour Market Opinions
2004Approved
2005Approved
2006Approved
May 2007
Approved
May 2007
Pending
Alberta 386 1,326 3,801 3,135 4,697
British Columbia
968 1,946 1,413 1,306 796
Ontario 1,497 2,202 2,446 1,251 234
TFWs – part of the solutionTFWs – part of the solution 4,851 TFWs worked in the 4,851 TFWs worked in the
Canadian construction Canadian construction industry in 2004/2005 industry in 2004/2005
4,351 came from a total of 20 4,351 came from a total of 20 countriescountries
Over 50%, 2,553 of these Over 50%, 2,553 of these workers came from just four workers came from just four countries:countries:
1,366 – United States1,366 – United States
439 – United Kingdom439 – United Kingdom
439 – Philippines439 – Philippines
309 - Germany309 - Germany0
200
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1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
C o u n tr y o f L as t Kn o w n Pe r m an e n t A d d r e s sT e m p o r ar y Fo r e ig n W o r k e r s En te r in g C an ad a
(2004 - 2006)
Fin lan d
Hu n g ar y
C h ile
Slo vak
M alays ia
In d ia
Sw itz e lan d
Uk r ain e
C h in a
So u th A fr ica
Italy
Po r tu g al
Ro m an ia
Po lan d
M e xico
Ge r m an y
Ph ilip in e s
Un k o w n
UK
US
TFWs – part of the solutionTFWs – part of the solution
INSTITUTIONAL, COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL OCCUPATIONSINSTITUTIONAL, COMMERCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL OCCUPATIONS
OccupationOccupation Top Countries of Last Permanent Residence Top Countries of Last Permanent Residence
Industrial Electrician Italy, Philippines, Norway, Estonia
Steamfitters / Pipefitter United States, Philippines, United Kingdom, South Africa, Poland
Boilermaker China, United States
Ironworkers United Kingdom, United States, Philippines, South Africa, India
Skilled Welders United States, Ukraine, United Kingdom, Philippines, Thailand
Industrial Instrument Technicians and Mechanics United States, Germany
Power System Electricians United States
Millwright / Industrial Mechanics United States, Germany, United Kingdom, Malaysia
Crane Operator United States, United Kingdom, Costa Rica
Heavy Equipment Operators United States, Costa Rica, Germany, United Kingdom
Glazers Netherlands
RECRUITMENT SOURCE COUNTRIESRECRUITMENT SOURCE COUNTRIES
TFWs – part of the solutionTFWs – part of the solution
NEW HOME BUILDING AND RENOVATION OCCUPATIONSNEW HOME BUILDING AND RENOVATION OCCUPATIONS
OccupationOccupation Top Countries of Last Permanent ResidenceTop Countries of Last Permanent Residence
Carpenter United States, Germany, Romania, Switzerland
Bricklayer Portugal, Germany, Moldova, United States, United Kingdom
Tilesetter United States, Uruguay, Germany, Estonia, France, Korea
Roofer/ Shingler Portugal, United States, Norway, Serbia/Montenegro, United Kingdom
Insulators United States
Painter/ Decorator United Kingdom, Germany, Portugal
Floor Installer United States, United Kingdom, Norway
Plasterer/Drywaller United States, Bulgaria, France, Hungary, Norway
Residential/ Commercial Installer Slovak Republic, United States, Finland, Poland, Denmark
Trade Helpers/ Labourers Mexico, United States, Philippines, India
RECRUITMENT SOURCE COUNTRIESRECRUITMENT SOURCE COUNTRIES
TFWs – part of the solutionTFWs – part of the solution
CROSS-SECTORAL OCCUPATIONSCROSS-SECTORAL OCCUPATIONS
OccupationOccupation Top Countries of Last Permanent ResidenceTop Countries of Last Permanent Residence
Plasterers, Drywallers, FinishersPoland, United States, Norway, Serbia/Montenegro, United Kingdom
ElectricianItaly, Philippines, Norway, Estonia
PlumberUnited States, Philippines, United Kingdom, South Africa, Poland
Elevator ConstructorsUnited States
Concrete FinisherChina, United States
Refrigeration MechanicUnited Kingdom, United States, Philippines, South Africa, India
Other Trades Helpers & Labourers United States, Philippines
RECRUITMENT SOURCE COUNTRIESRECRUITMENT SOURCE COUNTRIES
TFWs – part of the solutionTFWs – part of the solution
CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT OCCUPATIONSCONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT OCCUPATIONS
OccupationOccupation Top Countries of Last Permanent ResidenceTop Countries of Last Permanent Residence
Construction Managers United States, United Kingdom, Germany, Sweden
CONTRACTORS AND SUPERVISORS
Electrical Trades United States, United Kingdom
Pipefitting Trades United States, South Africa
Metal Forming, Shaping United States
Carpentry Trades United States
Mechanic Trades United States, Italy
Heavy Construction Equipment United States, Germany, Austria, Germany
Other Construction Trades United States, Japan, Netherlands, Austria, United Kingdom
RECRUITMENT SOURCE COUNTRIESRECRUITMENT SOURCE COUNTRIES
TFWs – part of the solutionTFWs – part of the solution Successes:Successes:
High quality of foreign workers are meeting labour requirements - - anecdotal from interviews
Federal governments openness to work with industry to ensure program relevance in meeting labour market needs
Flexibility of the program in the range of TFWs entering
Employer awareness of the program is growing
Federal / provincial cooperation Working groups on TFW (Alberta and British Columbia)
TFWs – part of the solutionTFWs – part of the solution Challenges:Challenges:
Construction is a small business communityConstruction is a small business community 80 % of contractors have less than 15 employees80 % of contractors have less than 15 employees No Human Resource DepartmentsNo Human Resource Departments
TFW system is complex and requires expertise to navigateTFW system is complex and requires expertise to navigate
Certain amount of misinformation and misconceptions circulating, Certain amount of misinformation and misconceptions circulating, in part a result of a rapidly changing situationin part a result of a rapidly changing situation
Different perspectives on how well it is workingDifferent perspectives on how well it is working
Many stakeholders want more monitoring and enforcementMany stakeholders want more monitoring and enforcement
Government human resources insufficient to meet increased Government human resources insufficient to meet increased demands demands
TFWs – part of the solutionTFWs – part of the solution Services and Support GapsServices and Support Gaps
Clear, accurate, up-to-date information Clear, accurate, up-to-date information
Ongoing efforts needed to adjust the Canadian Ongoing efforts needed to adjust the Canadian immigration system immigration system
Support to small and medium-sized firms Support to small and medium-sized firms
Increased effective reporting, monitoring and enforcementIncreased effective reporting, monitoring and enforcement
Support for worker rights and responsibilities Support for worker rights and responsibilities
Partnerships with Immigrant Serving AgenciesPartnerships with Immigrant Serving Agencies
TFWs – part of the solutionTFWs – part of the solution Next Steps . . . . TFW Web Guide for IndustryNext Steps . . . . TFW Web Guide for Industry
CSC is developing web based guide to help industry navigate CSC is developing web based guide to help industry navigate through the TFW processthrough the TFW process
Describe the TFWs Human Resource (HR) process: Job Describe the TFWs Human Resource (HR) process: Job Analysis, Recruitment, Selection, Job Offer, Orientation and Analysis, Recruitment, Selection, Job Offer, Orientation and Integration, and RetentionIntegration, and Retention
Highlight roles played by multiple bodies – labour unions, Highlight roles played by multiple bodies – labour unions, employers, construction associations, governments employers, construction associations, governments
Checklist to make sure that you have not missed anythingChecklist to make sure that you have not missed anything
Provide a number of resources – phone line inquiries and links Provide a number of resources – phone line inquiries and links to web sites – which can help you get answers to any other to web sites – which can help you get answers to any other questionsquestions
TFWs – part of the solutionTFWs – part of the solution Next Steps . . . . TFW Web Guide for WorkersNext Steps . . . . TFW Web Guide for Workers
Overview of the Construction Industry in CanadaOverview of the Construction Industry in Canada Types of Jobs in ConstructionTypes of Jobs in Construction Foreign Credential RecognitionForeign Credential Recognition Apprenticeship Training SystemApprenticeship Training System Finding a JobFinding a Job Coming to CanadaComing to Canada
o Visas, Applying for a Work Permit, Medical and Health Insurance etc . . .Visas, Applying for a Work Permit, Medical and Health Insurance etc . . .
Rights and ResponsibilitiesRights and Responsibilities Orientation and IntegrationOrientation and Integration Staying In CanadaStaying In Canada Useful ResourcesUseful Resources
Questions ?Questions ?
Questions ?Questions ?
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