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TAKS MathematicsReview
When you use scientific notation, remember these words:
power of 10 a number having 10 as scientific notation a way of
its base writing very large or very small
numbers as the product of a factor two or more numbers number ≥ 1 and < 10 and
a powermultiplied together of 10
6 X 3 X 8 = 144 4.3 X 10 ⁴ is in scientific notation.
When you estimate square roots, remember these words:
perfect square the product of an radical sign root symbol
integer and itself
radicand number under a radical
square root one of two equal factors signof a number
√5
49 = 7 x 7
When you work with the irrational numbers ∏ and √2, remember these words:
irrational number a number that cannot radius half the diameterbe written as a fraction using integers
right angle an angle that measures 90 °
circumference, C the distance around a circle right triangle a triangle with a
rightangle
C = ∏dhypotenuse the side of a right
trianglediameter the length of a segment through that is opposite the right
anglethe center of a circle with endpoints onthe circle legs the two shorter sides of a right
trianglepi (∏) the ratio of the circumference of acircle to its diameter
When you work with proportional and non-proportional relationships, remember these words:
ratio a comparison of two numbers cross product in a proportion,the product of the denominator
proportion an equation setting two of one fraction and the ratios equal numerator of the other fraction
If 3 = 12 , then the 4 16 cross products
are 3 X 16 and
4 X 12
When you multiply and divide fractions and mixed numbers, remember these words:
mixed number a whole number and reciprocal two numbers with
a fraction a product of 1
2 ⅓ is a mixed number that 3/8 and 8/3 are reciprocals
equals 2 + ⅓. because 3/8 X 8/3 = 1.
improper fraction a fraction wherethe numerator is greater than or equal to the denominator
5/5 and 7/5 are improper fractions.
When you want to know whether solutions to problems are reasonable, remember these words:
front-end estimation a way to compatible numbers two
estimate sums by using the first numbers that are easy to divide
digits of the numbers mentally
To understand a problem, ask:
What do you know?
What do you want to find out?
Is information missing?
When you use ordered pairs in linear equations, remember these words:
ordered pair numbers that can be equation a math sentence
graphed as a point on a coordinate with an equal (=) signplane
When you apply percents, remember these words:
regular price original price rate of discount percent off the
regular pricediscount amount off the regularprice sale price amount paid
aftersubtracting the discount
When you solve equations, remember these words:
variable a letter that represents a number
-6acoefficient a number that ismultiplied by a variable
To work a simpler problem, you can use estimation.
When you locate points on a coordinate plane, remember these words:
(3, -5)x-coordinate first number of anordered pair
y-coordinate second number of an ordered pair
quadrant one of four parts of the coordinate plane formed by the x-axisand the y-axis
When you reflect a figure, remember these words:
transformation a change in a figure’s image the figure formed by
position or size a transformation
reflection a flip of a figure over a line
When you translate a figure, remember this word:
translation a slide that moves a figure across the plane
A translation is a type of transformation.
When you use dilations, remember these words:
dilation a transformation that scale factor the factor used
expands or shrinks a figure to to multiply coordinates in
form a similar figure a dilation
similar having the same shape but not necessarily the same size
When you use the Pythagorean Theorem, remember these words:
Pythagorean Theorem a² + b² = c², where a and b are legs of a right triangle and c is the hypotenuse
When you solve word problems, look for key words.
When you work with surface area and volume of solids, remember these words:
total surface area the sum of the volume the amount of space
areas of all the faces a figure occupies
lateral surface area the area of allfaces that are not bases
To find the perimeter of a dilation, multiply the original perimeter by the scale factor.
To find the area of a dilation, multiply the original area by the square of the scale factor.
Two figures are similar if their corresponding angles are congruent (equal in measure) and their corresponding sides in proportion.
When you work with mean, median, mode, and range, remember these words:
measures of central tendency mean, mode value that occurs themedian, and mode most
mean average, sum divided by the range the difference between
number of terms the greatest and the least value
median middle value or average of two middle values when numbersare arranged in order from leastto greatest
When you work with scatterplot diagrams, remember these words:
scatterplot a graph of points that positive correlation where the
show a relationship between two line of best fit slopes upsets of data
line of best fit a line on a scatterplotthat most of the points are close to
negative correlation where the
no correlation line of best fit slopes down
When you work with bar graphs and line graphs, remember these words:
bar graph a graph that uses bars line graph a graph that uses
to show data points and line segments or
lines to show data
When you work with histograms, remember these words:
histogram a graph with bars frequency the number of items
that show intervals in an interval
When you work with circle graphs, remember this word:
circle graph a circle whose parts represent all the data
When you work with box and whisker plots, remember these words:
box and whisker plot a graph that lower quartile median of the
shows the least number, greatest lower half of a set of numbers
number, median, and quartiles of a set of numbers upper quartile median
of the upper half of a set of
numbersmaximum greatest number
minimum least number
Line Plot
Stem and Leaf Plot
When you solve problems, remember these words:
deductive reasoning making a probability a ratio that measures
conclusion based on rules and the chance that an event will
facts happen
inductive reasoning using a pattern P(event)=Number of Favorable Outcomes
to predict future outcomes and events Number of Possible Outcomes
When you work with sampling, remember these words:
sample a smaller group that random sample a sample in
represents the whole group which everyone has an equal
chance of being chosenbiased sample a sample that favorsa group or outcome
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