View
221
Download
0
Category
Preview:
Citation preview
7/29/2019 T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN
1/23
One of the best ways to protect a home from damage in windstorms is to install shutters over all large windows and glass
doors. Shutters protect windows from windborne objects. They also prevent structural damage caused by sudden pressure
changes when a window is broken.
Hurricane Shutter DesignsRefer to Form No. T460 for design considerations for Florida
85
90
100
110
120
130
140
150
Figure 1
HigH Wind Zones of tHe Contiguous united states Vasd mpH
Notes:
1. Vals a nomnal dsn 3-scond st wnd spds, Vasd
, n mls p ho at 33 ft abov ond fo expos C catoy.
2. Lna ntpolaton btwn contos s pmttd.
3. islands and coastal aas otsd th last conto shall s th last wnd spd conto of th coastal aa.
4. Montanos tan, os, ocan pomontos, and spcal wnd ons shall b xamnd fo nsal wnd condtons .
Soc: F r301.2(4)A, 2012 intnatonal rsdntal Cod
7/29/2019 T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN
2/23
2Hurricane Shutter Designs
Form No. T450G 2013 APA The Engineered Wood Association www.apawood.org
The following designs are presented as two basic alternatives: The first is to present the code minimum opening protec-
tion when such shutters are required. The requirements of the 2012 International Residential Code (IRC) and the 2012
International Building Code (IBC) are presented. They permit the use of minimum 7/16 Performance Category Rated
Sheathing as opening protection against the impact of windborne debris. Check with local building departments for
verification or clarification of requirements.
The second approach provides some design details for stronger and stiffer shutters than provided for by the code-minimum requirements. It should be noted that these designs were developed prior to the adoption of specific standards
for shutter designs by any U.S. codes. The supports detailed for these shutters meet code requirements when mounted
according to the specifications in Table R301.2.1.2. The mounting brackets for the masonry block structures have been
tested for design wind loads but have not been impact or cyclic tested because they were developed as design guides
before these standards were developed.
1. Code-MiNiMuM ShuTTeR deSigN
IRC Seci R301.2.1.2 Preci f peigs. Exterior glzing in biling locte in winborne ebri
region hll be protecte from winborne ebri. Glze opening protecte from winborne ebri hll meet the
reqirement of the Lrge Miile Tet of asTM E1996 nd asTM E1886 referenced therein. The pplicble wind
zone for etblihing miile type in asTM E1996 re hown on Figre R301.2(4)C. Grge oor glze opening
protection for winborne ebri hll meet the reqirement of n pprove impct-reitnt tnr...
ExCEPtIon:Woo tructurl pnel with minimum thickne of 7/16 inch n mximum pn of 8 feet hll be
permitte for opening protection in one- n two-tory builing. Pnel hll be precut n ttche to the frming
rroning the opening contining the proct with the glze opening. Pnel hll be prerille reqire for
the nchorge metho n hll be ecure with the t tchment hrwre provie. attchment hll be eigne
to reit the component n cling lo etermine in ccornce with either Tble R301.2(2) or asCE 7, with
the permnent corroion-reitnt ttchment hrwre provie n nchor permnently intlle on the builing.
attchment in ccornce with Tble R301.2.1.2 i permitte for biling with men roof height of 33 feet or le
where locte in Win Zone 1 n 2 in ccornce with Figre R301.2(4)C.
TABLe r301.2.1.2
WindBoRne deBRis pRoteCtion fastening sCHeduLe foR Wood stRuCtuRaL paneLs()(b)(c)()
fr t
fr sc (ch)()(b)
Pael Spa 4 f t 4 ft < Pael Spa 6 f t 6 ft < Pael Spa 8 f t
No. 8 wood scw basd anchowth 2-nch mbdmnt lnth
16 10 8
No. 10 wood scw basd ancho
wth 2-nch mbdmnt lnth16 12 9
1/4-nch la scw basd ancho
wth 2-nch mbdmnt lnth16 16 16
Fo Si: 1 nch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pond = 4.448 N, 1 ml p ho = 0.447 m/s.
(a) Ths tabl s basd on 130 mph (Vasd) wnd spds and a 33-foot man oof hht.
(b) Fastns shall b nstalld at opposn nds of th wood stctal panl. Fastns shall b locatd a mnmm of 1 nch fomth d of th panl.
(c) Anchos shall pntat thoh th xto wall covn wth an mbdmnt lnth of 2 nchs mnmm nto th bldnfam. Fastns shall b locatd a mnmm of 2-1/2 nchs fom th d of conct block o conct.
(d) Wh panls a attachd to masony o masony/stcco, thy shall b attachd sn vbaton-sstant anchos havn a mnmmltmat wthdawal capacty of 1500 ponds.
7/29/2019 T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN
3/23
3Hurricane Shutter Designs
Form No. T450G 2013 APA The Engineered Wood Association www.apawood.org
Figure 2
Wind BoRne deBRis Regions of tHe united states
Notes:
1. Wnd Zon 3 appls n Wnd Zon 2 aas that a wthn a ml of th Coastal Man Hh Wat Ln.
2. Wnd Zon 1 appls n Hawa Spcal Wnd rons.3. S Scton 1609.1.2.2 of 2012 intnatonal Bldn Cod fo dfntons of wnd zons.
Soc: F r301.2(4)C, 2012 intnatonal rsdntal Cod
Section R202 defines Windborne Debris Regions as areas within hurricane-prone regions as designated in accordance
with Figure R301.2(4)C. This figure is reproduced in Figure 2 of this publication. This figure is based on the following
criteria: 1) within one mile of the coastal mean high water line where the basic wind speed is 110 mph or greater; or 2)
where the basic wind speed is equal to or greater than 120 mph; or 3) Hawaii. For Florida provisions, see Hurricane
Shutters: Design Considerations for Florida, Form T460.
Wind Zone 1 (1 mile from theCoastal Mean High Water Line)
Wind Zone 2
Wind Zone 3
7/29/2019 T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN
4/23
4Hurricane Shutter Designs
Form No. T450G 2013 APA The Engineered Wood Association www.apawood.org
Alternatively, Section 1609.1.2 of the 2012 International Building Code:
In windborne debris regions, glzing in bilding hll be impct-reitnt or protected with n impct-reitnt
covering meeting the reqirement of n approved impct-reiting tndrd or asTM E1996 nd asTM E1886
reference therein follow:
1. Glzed opening locted within 30 feet of grde hll meet the reqirement of the Lrge Miile Tet of asTME1996.
2. Glzed opening locted more thn 30 feet bove grde hll meet the proviion of the smll Miile Tet of
asTM E1996.
ExCEPtIonS:
1. Woo tructurl pnel with minimum thickne of 7/16 inch n mximum pnel pn of 8 feet hll be permitte
for opening protection in one- n two-tory biling clifie Grop R-3 or R-4 occpncy. Pnel hll be
precut o tht they hll be ttche to the frming urrouning the opening contining the prouct with the glze
opening. Pnel hll be prerille require for the nchorge metho n hll be ecure with the ttchment
hrdwre provided. attchment hll be deigned to reit the component nd cldding lod determined in
ccordnce with the proviion of asCE 7, with corroion-reitnt ttchment hrdwre provided nd nchor
permnently intlled on the bilding. attchment in ccordnce with Tble 1609.1.2 with corroion-reitnt
ttchment hrwre provie n nchor permnently intlle on the biling i permitte for biling with
men roof height of 45 feet or le where Vasd
etermine in ccornce with section 1609.3.1 oe not excee
140 mph. (Figure 3 is provided for determining the VaSD
wind speed measured at 33 feet above ground for
Risk Category II Buildings (Group R-3 or R-4 occupancy). This f igure is based on the wind contours for Risk
Category II Buildings from 2012 IBC Figure 1609A.
2. Glzing in Rik Ctegory I biling efine in section 1604.5, incling greenhoe tht re occpie for
growing plnt on proction or reerch bi, withot pblic cce hll be permitte to be nprotecte.
TABLe 1609.2.1.2
WindBoRne deBRis pRoteCtion fastening sCHeduLe foR Wood stRuCtuRaL paneLs()(b)(c)()
fr t
fr sc (ch)()(b)
Pael Spa 4 f t 4 ft < Pael Spa 6 f t 6 ft < Pael Spa 8 f t
No. 8 wood scw basd ancho
wth 2-nch mbdmnt lnth16 10 8
No. 10 wood scw basd ancho
wth 2-nch mbdmnt lnth16 12 9
1/4-nch la scw basd anchowth 2-nch mbdmnt lnth
16 16 16
Fo Si: 1 nch = 25.4 mm, 1 foot = 304.8 mm, 1 pond = 4.448 N, 1 ml p ho = 0.447 m/s.
(a) Ths tabl s basd on 140 mph, VuLT
(110 mph, Vasd
) wnd spds and a 45-foot man oof hht.
(b) Fastns shall b nstalld at opposn nds of th wood stctal panl. Fastns shall b locatd a mnmm of 1 nch fomth d of th panl.
(c) Anchos shall pntat thoh th xt o wall covn wth an mbdmnt lnth of 2 nchs mnmm nto th bldnfam. Fastns shall b locatd a mnmm of 2-1/2 nchs fom th d of conct block o conct.
(d) Wh panls a attachd to masony o masony/stcco, thy shall b attachd sn vbaton-sstant anchos havn a mnmmltmat wthdawal capacty of 1,500 ponds.
7/29/2019 T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN
5/23
5Hurricane Shutter Designs
Form No. T450G 2013 APA The Engineered Wood Association www.apawood.org
Figure 3
Vasd
ContouRs foR deteRmining suitaBiLity of Wood stRuCtuRaL paneL gLaZing pRoteCtion
deViCes foR Risk CategoRy ii stRuCtuRes
Notes:
1. Vals a nomnal dsn 3-scond st Vasd
wnd spds n mls p ho at 33 ft abov ond fo expos C catoy.
2. Lna ntpolaton btwn contos s pmttd.
3. islands and coastal aas otsd th last conto shall s th last wnd spd conto of th coastal aa.
4. Montanos tan, os, ocan pomontos, and spcal wnd ons shall b xamnd fo nsal wnd condtons.
5. Wnd spds cospond to appoxmatly a 7% pobablty of xcdanc n 50 yas (Annal excdanc Pobablt y = 0.00143,Mri = 700 yas).
Soc: Dvd fom 2012 iBC F 1609A and eqaton 16-33.
3. Glzing in Risk Category II, III or IVbilding locted over 60 feet bove the grond nd over 30 feet bove
ggregte rfce roof locte within 1,500 feet of the biling hll be permitte to be nprotecte.
Section 202 defines a Windborne Debris Region as:
are within hrricne-prone region locte:
1. Within 1 mile of the cotl men high wter line where the ltimte deign wind peed, VuLT, i 130 mph(100 mph V
asd) or greter; or
2. In re where the ltimte eign win pee, VuLT
, i 140 mph (110 mph Vasd
) or greter; or Hwii.
Be on Eqtion 16-33, Vasd
=
0.6 x VuLT
mp for Rik Ctegory II n Ctegory III n IV re fon in the 2012
IBC in Figre 1609a n B, repectively, n not provie herein.
85
90
95
100
110
120
125
132
140
150
7/29/2019 T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN
6/23
6Hurricane Shutter Designs
Form No. T450G 2013 APA The Engineered Wood Association www.apawood.org
Section 202 defines Hurricane-Prone Regions as:
1. The u.s. atlntic Ocen n Glf of Mexico cot where the ltimte eign win pee, VuLT
, for Rik Ctegory
biling i greter thn 115 mph (90 mph Vasd
); n
2. Hwii, Perto Rico, Gm, Virgin Iln n americn somo.
2. CoNSideRaTioNS FoR STRoNgeR, STiFFeR deSigNS
The following design pages describe how to construct stronger, stiffer shutters for attachment to wood and masonry
walls. The masonry attachments were designed prior to the adoption of specific test standards for shutter designs by
U.S. codes. The shutters have been tested to resist the design wind loads and impacts, but the attachments to masonry
have not been impact or cyclic-load tested. The masonry attachment details are therefore supplied as guides in devel-
oping individual designs.
The easiest designs are those that simply cover the opening with a wood structural panel. In wood-frame construction,
panels can be nailed over the openings when a hurricane approaches. Buildings made with concrete blocks, however,
require advance preparation.
In some cases, stiffeners may be necessary to limit deflection of the shutter with respect to the glass. Stiffeners function
best if they are on the outside of the shutter and oriented with the narrow edge against the shutter.
Tables 1 and 2 and Figures 4 and5 on the following pages apply to most of the designs, and are referenced accordingly.
7/29/2019 T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN
7/23
7Hurricane Shutter Designs
Form No. T450G 2013 APA The Engineered Wood Association www.apawood.org
TABLe 2
WeigHts and defLeCtions of sHutteRs WitH stiffeneRs() (see figuRe 3)
apa pl s R
m plSpecfcato
Approxmate WehtMaxmm Spa
(Stffeer Bed)Total Deflecto
(Stffeer Pls Pael)
Wth 2x4Stffeers
(psf)
Wth 2x6Stffeers
(psf)
Wth 2x4Stffeers(b)at 16" o.c.
(.)
Wth 2x6Stffeers(b)at 16" o.c.
(.)
66" Spawth 2x4Stffeers
(.)
96" Spawth 2x6Stffeers
(.)
32/16, 15/32 Pf. Cat.
5-ply plywood o OSB2.4 2.9 66 96 0.87 0.97
40/20, 19/32 Pf. Cat.4-ply plywood o OSB
2.8 3.3 66 96 0.75 0.86
48/24, 23/32 Pf. Cat.
Plywood o OSB3.2 3.7 66 96 0.66 0.79
48 o.c., 1-1/8 Pf. Cat.
Plywood o OSB4.3 4.8 66 96 0.49 0.67
(a) Panls wth 2x4 S-P-F (Soth) No. 2 stffns spacd 16 nchs o.c., expos C, 3-scond st, Wall Zon 5, man oof hht = 45 ft,Vasd 150 mph, 2012 iBC.
(b) Maxmm span ovnd by stffn bndn stnth, wt stsss, daton of load facto = 1.6.
TABLe 1
maximum span WitHout stiffeneRs stRengtH axis peRpendiCuLaR to fasteneR RoWs (see figuRe 2)
apa pls R
ApproxmateWh
(psf)
Maxmmshr s
(.)
Approxmate Deflecto at Vasd
150 h d W s 45-ft Heht, Exp. C, Wet Paels
(.)
32/16 1.5 22 0.22
40/20 2.1 30 0.38
48/24 2.4 34 0.35
48 oc 3.6 50 0.58
7/29/2019 T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN
8/23
8Hurricane Shutter Designs
Form No. T450G 2013 APA The Engineered Wood Association www.apawood.org
Rows of fasteners
Panel shutter Shutter span
Panel strength axis(perpendicular tothe fastener rows)
Orientation is based on Figure A1
Figure 4
sHutteR instaLLation exampLe sHoWing oRientation of paneL stRengtH axis
APA structural panelNo. 2 2x4 or No. 2 2x6
Cut if desired
Panel strength axis
3/16" x 3" lag screws with fender washers
Min. 16d box nails (0.135" x 3-1/2") @ 6" o.c.
Figure 5
sHutteR stiffeneR attaCHment if RequiRed
7/29/2019 T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN
9/23
Hurricane Shutter Designs
Form No. T450G 2013 APA The Engineered Wood Association www.apawood.org
9
huRRiCaNe ShuTTeR deSigNS iNdex
E
D
C
B
A
7/29/2019 T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN
10/23
Hurricane Shutter Designs
Form No. T450G 2013 APA The Engineered Wood Association www.apawood.org
10
deSigN a
Shutters for Wood-Frame BuildingsThis design from APA describes how to construct structural panel shutters for attachment to wood-frame buildings.
Steps to Constructing Shutters1. Review Tables 1 and 2 to determine if stiffeners are needed. Attach stiffeners, if needed, as shown in Figures 5 and
A1.
2. Cut APA wood structural panels with adequate edge overlap to receive nails. Orient long panel axis (strength axis) of
the panel as shown in Figures 5 and A1.
3. Use a long brad, finishing or casing nails to locate the framing behind the wood siding. The nails used to attach the
shims and the shutters must hit the framing to be fully effective.
4. Nail shims to the framing with 12d nails (0.135- x 3-1/4-inch). Use 16d nails (0.135- x 3-1/2-inch) for shims over
3/4 inch thick. For spans up to 5 feet, space the nails 6 (4) inches o.c. at each shim. For spans over 5 feet, space nails
4 (3) inches o.c. at each shim. Stagger nails as shown in Figure A2. Refer to Figures A2 and A3. Shim attachment
schedules are based on a mean roof height of 33 feet. Corresponding schedules for a mean roof height of 45 feet areshown in parenthesis, e.g., 12 (8).
5.Attach the shutters with double-headed nails as shown in Figures A2 and A3 for ease of later removal. Use 16d
(0.135- x 3-1/2-inch). For nail spacing at each end of the shutter panel, see Tables A1 and A2. Stagger nails spaced
3 inches on center. Nailing the panel on all four sides instead of just the two ends will further limit deflection and max-
imize strength.
TABLe A1
minimum naiL spaCing aLong eaCH end
of tHe sHutteR paneL (Spa Rats 32/16,
40/20, 48/24 plywood or OSB)
shrHeht (ft)
Mea Roof Heht (ft)
33 45
5 6" o.c. 4" o.c.
8 3" o.c. 3" o.c.
TABLe A2
minimum naiL spaCing aLong eaCH end
of tHe sHutteR paneL (Spa Rat 48 oc,
1-1/8" plywood or OSB)
shrHeht (ft)
Mea Roof Heht (ft)
33 45
5 4" o.c. 4" o.c.
8 3" o.c. 3" o.c.
6.Any permanently installed hardware, shims or fastening devices must be installed using standard/acceptable methods
of waterproofing. All abandoned holes must be sealed.
7.After fabrication, each shutter should be marked for orientation and location to speed installation.
8. If shims are left in place, use galvanized nails and finish like siding or exterior trim.
[RETURN TO INDEX]
7/29/2019 T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN
11/23
Hurricane Shutter Designs
Form No. T450G 2013 APA The Engineered Wood Association www.apawood.org
11
16d (0.135" x 3-1/2") double-headednails in accordance with Tables A1 and A2
APA structural panel
No. 2 2x4s orNo. 2 2x6s (if needed)
Cut if desired
Panel strength axis
Span
Figure A1
sHutteR attaCHment VieW fRom outside
16d (0.135" x 3-1/2")double-headed nails perTable A1 or A2
Siding
Shim
Shutter
Finish wall
Flashing and caulk
Glass
Header
16d (0.135" x 3-1/2") nailsholding shims per Step 4
Interior casing
Maintain a minimum paneledge distance of 1/2" 1"
Figure A2
sHutteR attaCHment top
[RETURN TO INDEX]
7/29/2019 T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN
12/23
Hurricane Shutter Designs
Form No. T450G 2013 APA The Engineered Wood Association www.apawood.org
12
Caulk (prior toinstalling shim)
16d (0.135" x 3-1/2") nailsholding shims per Step 4
Shim
Siding
Finish sill
Finish wall
Shutter
SillInterior casing
Glass
Maintain a minimum paneledge distance of 1/2" 1"
16d (0.135" x 3-1/2")double-headed nailsper Table A1 or A2
Figure A3
sHutteR attaCHment Bottom
[RETURN TO INDEX]
7/29/2019 T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN
13/23
Hurricane Shutter Designs
Form No. T450G 2013 APA The Engineered Wood Association www.apawood.org
13
deSigN B
Shutters for Masonry Block StructuresBarrel-Bolt latch supports
This design from APA describes how to construct structural panel shutters for attachment to masonry block buildingsusing barrel-bolt latch supports. The unique features of this design are the barrel bolt latches that support the shutter
at either end. Once made, the shutters can be mounted or removed without any additional hardware or tools. The
barrel-bolt latches should be mounted to the panel with bolts rather than the screws that usually come with them. Use
a washer under the nuts and heads of the bolts. Place the nut-end of the bolts to the outside (latch side) of the shutter
to allow for final adjustment of the latches.
Steps to Constructing Shutters
1. Use Tables 1 and 2 to determine if stiffeners are needed. Attach stiffeners, if needed, as shown in Figure 5.
2. Cut the panel 1/8 inch less than the window opening. The long-panel axis (strength axis) must be oriented perpendicular
to the supported ends (sides of the shutter with the barrel bolts), regardless of which shutter dimension is longer.
3. Make two templates that will help in mounting the latches and
drilling the barrel-bolt latch holes in the concrete blocks one
for each side of the window. The maximum distance between
the top of the shutter panel and the first barrel bolt, and the
maximum distance between barrel bolts shall be in accordance
with Table B1 and should miss the mortar joints between the
blocks by 1-1/2 inches or more. See Figure B1.
4. Mount 4-inch barrel bolts. The nuts go on the latch side (outside)
of the shutter. Make the nuts only finger tight because the latches
will be adjusted in the final fitting.
5. Drill latch-bolt holes in blocks. See Figure B2.6. Mount the shutter in the window frame, and insert the barrel-
bolt latches into the holes in the concrete blocks. Tighten bolts holding barrel bolts in place.
7. The barrel-bolt holes in the concrete blocks may be filled with a removable plug when not in use as shown in Figure B3.
8.Any permanently installed hardware, shims or fastening devices must be installed using standard/acceptable methods of
waterproofing. All abandoned holes must be sealed.
9.After fabrication, each shutter should be marked for orientation and location to speed installation.
10.To prevent the bottom 2x4 anchor holes in the concrete block from becoming clogged with dirt between shutter
uses, insert 1/2-inch No. 14 pan- or flat-head screws into the anchor holes. Remove these screws prior to reattaching
the 2x4s.
TABLe B1
BaRReL BoLt attaCHment sCHeduLe
shutter
Wh(ft)
Mea Roof Heht (ft)
33 45
Dstace to Frst Barrel Bolt (.)
5 6 5
8 4 3
Barrel Bolt Spac (.)
5 12 10
8 8 6
[RETURN TO INDEX]
7/29/2019 T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN
14/23
Hurricane Shutter Designs
Form No. T450G 2013 APA The Engineered Wood Association www.apawood.org
14
Figure B1
LatCH BoLt pLaCement detaiLs
1-1/2"
Panel strength axis
TOPNORTH SIDECENTER
4" barrel bolt
No. 8 machine screws
3/8" cut washersAPA structural panel
Hole for latch bolt
Masonry joints
Outside face of wall
Note: Be sure to mark the
location and orientationof each shutter after fabrication
4'' Barrel bolt
Section view of barrel bolt
Wall end view
Front view
Distance to firstbarrel bolt per Table B1
1-1/2"
Barrel bolt spacing per Table B1
Figure B2
LATCH-BOLT HOLE in SiDE
of WindoW opening
BlockStucco
Holes for latchbolts not greater
than 16" o.c.
1-1/2"minimum
1"
Figure B3
tempoRaRy pLug
FOR LATCH-BOLT HOLE
Stucco
Block
Hole forlatch bolt
CorkScrew handle
Plug forlatch-bolt hole
[RETURN TO INDEX]
7/29/2019 T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN
15/23
Hurricane Shutter Designs
Form No. T450G 2013 APA The Engineered Wood Association www.apawood.org
15
deSigN C
Shutters for Masonry Block Structuressteel or aluminum angle and screw supports
This design from APA describes how to construct structural panel shutters for attachment to masonry block buildings,using steel or aluminum angle and screw supports. The design is less costly to build than shutters with permanent
hardware for attachment and removal.
Anchorage to Masonry Block
The plastic anchors* referenced in this plan have sufficient lateral and withdrawal capacity to handle the expected
forces and are recommended because they are rated as being vibration resistant a characteristic that may be of some
value under buffeting wind loads. (Standard lead anchors are not usually rated as v ibration resistant.)
Keep masonry anchors at least 1-1/2 inches from the block edges, joints and corners to minimize the danger of cracking the
concrete blocks.
Steps to Constructing Shutters1. Use Tables 1 and 2 to determine if stiffeners are needed. Attach stiffeners, if needed, as shown in Figure 5.
2. In the dimension from support to support, cut the panel 3/8 inch less than the measurement of the window opening
(side to side in Figure C1). In the dimension from unsupported edge to unsupported edge, cut the panel 1/8 inch
less than the measurement of the opening. The long-panel axis (strength axis) must be oriented perpendicular to the
supported sides (side to side in Figure C1), regardless of which shutter dimension is longer.
3. Cut 1-1/2 x 1-1/2 x 1/8-inch steel or aluminum angles to the same length as the width of the shutter ends to be
supported.
4. Drill 1/4-inch diameter holes per Table C1 in one side of the angle. These holes are for bolts that hold the angle to
the panel and may be centered between the corner and the edge of the angle.
5. Drill 3/16-inch diameter holes per Table C2 in the remaining leg of the angle, offset 1 inch from the panel bolt holes.
Make the centerline of the holes 1/4 inch from edge of the angle. These holes are to receive No. 10 screws that will
go through the holes into masonry anchors in the concrete blocks. Refer to Figure C2.
TABLe C2
HoLe LoCations in angLe foR attaCHment
to WaLL
shrWh
(ft)
Mea Roof Heht (ft)
33 45
Cocrete Achor Spac (.)
5 8 88 6 4
Dstace to Frst Cocrete Achor (.)
5 4 4
8 3 2
TABLe C1
HoLe LoCations in angLe foR attaCHment
of sHutteR paneL
shrWh
(ft)
Mea Roof Heht (ft)
33 45
Mache Bolt Spac (.)
5 12 128 12 12
Dstace to Frst Mache Bolt (.)
5 6 6
8 6 6
*Lateral ultimate value 350 lbs or greater in 4,000 psi concrete, with screws specified (1-1/2 inches with stucco).
[RETURN TO INDEX]
7/29/2019 T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN
16/23
Hurricane Shutter Designs
Form No. T450G 2013 APA The Engineered Wood Association www.apawood.org
16
6. Drill holes in blocks for the plastic anchors. Refer to Figure C3.
7. Mount the shutter, with angles mounted, to the window frame using No. 10 x 1-1/2" screws with washers.
See Figure C1.
8.Any permanently installed hardware, shims or fastening devices must be installed using standard/acceptable methods
of waterproofing. All abandoned holes must be sealed.
9.After fabrication, each shutter should be marked for orientation and location to speed installation.
10.To prevent the bottom 2x4 anchor holes in the concrete block from becoming clogged with dirt between shutter
uses, insert 1/2-inch No. 14 pan- or flat-head screws into the anchor holes. Remove these screws prior to reattaching
the 2x4s.
[RETURN TO INDEX]
7/29/2019 T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN
17/23
Hurricane Shutter Designs
Form No. T450G 2013 APA The Engineered Wood Association www.apawood.org
17
Figure C1
sHutteR attaCHment detaiL
Panel strength axis
TOP
NORTH SIDECENTER
Block wall
Note: Be sure to mark thelocation and orientation of
each shutter after fabrication
1-1/2"minimum
APA structural panel
1/4" Dia. hole
3/32" Dia. hole1-1/2" x 1-1/2" x 1/8"Aluminum or steel angle
No. 10 wood or sheet metal screw
1/4" x 1" screw-in anchor(1-1/2" screw-in anchor for stucco)per Table C2
3/16" Dia. hole
Outside view of wall
Block wall
Block walltop view
No. 8 machine screw with1/4" x 1-1/4" fender washers per Table C1
Front or outside
Figure C2
AngLE-TO-SHuTTER ATTACHMEnT DETAiL
Figure C3
SCREW-in AnCHOR HOLE in SiDE OF WinDOW
opening
1/4" Dia. holeper Table C1
3/32" Dia. hole
3/16" Dia.hole per
Table C2
APA structural panel1-1/2" x 1-1/2" x 1/8"Aluminum or steel angle Stucco
Block
Hole for 1'' screw-inanchor (1-1/2" screw-in
anchor for stucco)per Table C2
1-1/2"minimum
1"
[RETURN TO INDEX]
7/29/2019 T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN
18/23
Hurricane Shutter Designs
Form No. T450G 2013 APA The Engineered Wood Association www.apawood.org
18
deSigN d
Shutters for Masonry Block Structuresshutters attached to outside wall with permanently mounted Brackets
This design from APA describes how to construct structural panel shutters for attachment to masonry block buildings, usingpermanently mounted brackets on the outside wall. Two layers of APA Exterior plywood are attached to the outside of the concrete
block wall with No. 10 flat-head screws in masonry anchors. Once the brackets are installed, no tools are required to install or
remove the shutters unless stiffeners are required. It has the advantage of moving the shutter almost 2 inches farther away from
the glass than shutters mounted to the interior of the window frame and is therefore less likely to require stiffeners.
Fasteners
Screws or bolts that will be permanently exposed to the weather should be made of stainless steel.
Anchorage to Masonry Block
The plastic anchors* referenced in this plan have sufficient lateral and withdrawal capacity to handle the expected
forces and are recommended because they are rated as being vibration resistant a characteristic that may be of some
value under buffeting wind loads. (Standard lead anchors are not usually rated as v ibration resistant.)
Keep masonry anchors at least 1-1/2 inches from the block edges, joints and corners to minimize the danger of cracking the
concrete blocks.
Steps to Constructing Shutters
1. Use Tables 1 and 2 to determine if stiffeners are needed. Attach stiffeners, if needed, as shown in Figure 5.
2. Cut APA Exterior plywood for the shutter support/spacer and
for the trim that holds shutter against the supports (see Figure
D1). Make the thickness of the inner spacer slightly greater
than that of the shutter to allow the shutters to slide without
binding. (The inner trim spacer of plywood is left out of one
side of the window framing to allow for the insertion of the
shutters.) Orient the plywood face grain of the trim as indi-
cated in the diagram. (Plywood with four or more plies may
be oriented either direction.) Lap the corners to allow the
outer trim to be attached to the inner spacer at the corners.
Refer to Figure D1.
3. Drill 1/2-inch diameter vertical drain holes in bottom inner
spacer to allow rain water to escape out the bottom.
4. Cut the shutter to be 1/4 inch less than the distance from the bottom of the bottom slot to the top of the top slot, and
about 2 inches wider than the window opening width (assuming that the panels are supported top and bottom).Orient the long-panel axis (strength axis) as shown in Figure D1. Slide the shutter into place.
5. Drill hole halfway down the trim and diagonally downward (at about 30 degrees from the surface) in the trim board
covering the shutter-entrance opening. The hole should be about 1/8 inch outside the edge of the installed shutter.
This hole will receive a 12d box (0.128 x 3-1/4-inch) nail to prevent the shutter panel or panels from getting blown
back out the entrance slot.
*Withdrawal ultimate value 490 lbs or greater in 4,000 psi concrete, with screws specified (1-1/2 inches with stucco).
TABLe D1
TRiM-TO-COnCRETE AnCHOR SPACing
shrHh
(ft)
Mea Roof Heht (ft)
33 45
Cocrete Achor Spac (.)
5 12 12
8 9 6
Dstace to Frst Cocrete Achor (.)
5 6 6
8 4 3
[RETURN TO INDEX]
7/29/2019 T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN
19/23
Hurricane Shutter Designs
Form No. T450G 2013 APA The Engineered Wood Association www.apawood.org
19
6.Any permanently installed hardware, shims or fastening devices must be installed using standard/acceptable methods ofwaterproofing. All abandoned holes must be sealed.
7.After fabrication, each shutter should be marked for orientation and location to speed installation.
8.To prevent the bottom 2x4 anchor holes in the concrete block from becoming clogged with dirt between shutter uses,
insert 1/2-inch No. 14 pan- or flat-head screws into the anchor holes. Remove these screws prior to reattaching the 2x4s.
Design Alternative
As an alternative to Design D, the wood trim can be replaced with 1 x 1 x 1-inch (outside measurements) x 1/8-inch
aluminum channels (channel outside dimensions may be changed to better accommodate panels thicker than 5/8 inch i.e.,
1-1/8-inch-thick shutters will require a channel slot opening of about 1-1/4 inches) mounted approximately the same way as
the wood trim. See Figure D2. Make holes at both ends to hold a latching device to prevent shutters from being blown out.
APA structural panel shutt er
1/2" Plywood face trim
No. 10 screw
1/4" x 1" Screw-in anchor(1/4" x 1-1/2" for stucco) inaccordance with Table D1
Panel strength axis
Inner spacer
1-1/2" Minimum
Note: Using sawn lumber instead of plywood for the outer layer of trim may result in the failure of the trim when suction loads are appliedto the shutter.
Detail oflockingdevice
Face trim
Not required forreinforced shutters
Hole forshutter stop
Side view
Lap trim at corners
Shutter location marked on shutter
Shutter slot (3 sides)
Strength axis
Drain hole
Block
3" 4"
Thickness of shutter plus 1/8"
TOPNORTH SIDE
CENTER
Figure D1
sHutteR fRame and attaCHment stRuCtuRaL paneL option
[RETURN TO INDEX]
7/29/2019 T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN
20/23
Hurricane Shutter Designs
Form No. T450G 2013 APA The Engineered Wood Association www.apawood.org
20
Figure D2
sHutteR fRame and attaCHment aLuminum CHanneL option
1/4" x 1" screw-in anchor(1/4" x 1-1/2" for stucco) inaccordance with Table D1
Stucco
Block
1-1/2"Minimum
1/2"
Aluminum channel1" x 1" x 1" x 1/8"
No. 10 screw
[RETURN TO INDEX]
7/29/2019 T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN
21/23
Hurricane Shutter Designs
Form No. T450G 2013 APA The Engineered Wood Association www.apawood.org
21
deSigN e
Shutters for Masonry Block StructuresFor openings wider than 8 Feet
This design from APA describes how to construct structural panel shutters for attachment to masonry block build-ings, where glass windows and doors are wider than 8 feet. The shutters run from top to bottom and are attached to a
temporary 2x4 lumber strip at the top and bottom of the opening.
Anchorage to Masonry Block
The plastic anchors* referenced in this plan have sufficient lateral and withdrawal capacity to handle the expected
forces and are recommended because they are rated as being vibration resistant a characteristic that may be of some
value under buffeting wind loads. (Standard lead anchors are not usually rated as v ibration resistant.)
Keep masonry anchors at least 1-1/2 inches from the block edges, joints and corners to minimize the danger of cracking
the concrete blocks.
Steps to Constructing Shutters1.Use Table 2 to determine which panel to use.
2. Cut two 2x4s to a length that is 1 inch less than the width of the door opening to be covered. Rip the 2x4s length-
wise, if necessary, to the width of the distance of the door frame to the front of the wall. The outside edge of the 2x4
should be flush with the outside surface of the wall. (Note: If holes or hole plugs on the front of the building are not
a concern, the top 2x4 may be eliminated by extending the shutter above the opening and attaching the top of the
shutter directly to the front of the header.) Refer to Figure E1.
3. Predrill 1/4-inch diameter holes in the 2x4s in accordance with Table E1 and at least 1-1/2 inches from the front
edge of the 2x4s (outside surface of the wall).
4. Drill holes in the concrete blocks.
5. Tap vibration-resistant anchors into the holes in the concrete.
6.Attach the 2x4s to top and bottom of the opening using 2-1/2-inch No. 14 round or pan-head wood or sheetmetal
screws with washers. Refer to Figure E1.
7. Cut the shutter to span the opening (plus the width of the supports, 3 inches for two 2x4s). Orient the long-panel
axis (strength axis) as shown in Figure 5.
8. Drill holes at 16 inches o.c. along the supported panel edges and in the 2x4s.
9.Attach the shutter to the 2x4s with 2-inch No. 10 wood or sheetmetal screws in accordance with Table E2.
10.To prevent the bottom 2x4 anchor holes in the concrete block from becoming clogged with dirt between shutter
uses, insert 1/2-inch No. 14 pan- or flat-head screws into the anchor holes. Remove these screws prior to reattaching
the 2x4s.
11.Any permanently installed hardware, shims or fastening devices must be insta lled using standard/acceptable
methods of waterproofing. All abandoned holes must be sealed.
12.After fabrication, each shutter should be marked for orientation and location to speed installation.
* Withdrawal ultimate value 490 lbs or greater in 4,000 psi concrete, with screws specified (1-1/2 inches with stucco).
[RETURN TO INDEX]
7/29/2019 T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN
22/23
Hurricane Shutter Designs
Form No. T450G 2013 APA The Engineered Wood Association www.apawood.org
22
Figure e1
sHutteR attaCHment to HeadeR and sLaB fLooR
No. 10 x 2" screw with washerin accordance with with Table E2
Concrete floor
APA structural panel
Header reinforcing
No. 14 x 2-1/2" screw with washerin accordance with Table E1
3/16" x 3" lag screw with fender washer
16d nails 6" o.c.
Anchor
No. 14 x 2-1/2" screw with washerin accordance with Table E1
2x4
2x4
Header
Shutter location and orientation
TOPWEST SLIDER
LEFT SIDE
No. 2 2x4 16" o.c.
or No. 2 2x6 16" o.c.
Alternate means of attachmentNo. 14 x 2-1/2" screw with washer and
anchor through 2x4 in accordancewith Table E3
Patio slab
No. 10 x 2" screw with washerin accordance with Table E2
Alternate means of attatchment
No. 14 x 2-1/2" screw with washer andanchor in accordance with Table E3
Anchor
Anchor
2x4 (if required)
Outside of shutter
Min.1-1/2"
Min.1-1/2"
Outsi e sur ace o wa
TABLe e2
sHutteR to tempoRaRy 2x4
shutter
Wh(ft)
Mea Roof Heht (ft)
33 45
no. 10 Screw Spac(.)
5 8 8
8 4 4
Dstace to Frst no. 10Screw (.)
5 4 4
8 2 2
TABLe e1
tempoRaRy 2x4 TO COnCRETE
shutter
Wh(ft)
Mea Roof Heht (ft)
33 45
no. 14 Screw Spac(.)
5 12 12
8 8 6
Dstace to Frst no. 14Screw Achor (.)
5 6 6
8 4 3
TABLe e3
top of sHutteR to HeadeR
(alr m)
shrWh
(ft)
Mea Roof Heht (ft)
33 45
Cocrete Achor
Spac (.)
5 6 6
8 4 4
Dstace to FrstCocrete Achor (.)
5 3 3
8 2 2
[RETURN TO INDEX]
7/29/2019 T450 HURRICANE SHUTTER DESIGN
23/23
Hurricane Shutter DesignW hav fld psntatvs n many majo u.S. cts and n Canada
who can hlp answ qstons nvolvn APA tadmakd podcts. Fo addtonal assstancn spcfyn nnd wood podcts, contact s:
ap a He ad qu aRt eRs
7011 So. 19th St.
Tacoma, Washnton 98466(253) 565-6600 Fax: (253) 565-7265
pRoduCt suppoRt HeLp desk(253) 620-7400
e-mal Addss: hlp@apawood.o
disCLaimeRThe informtion contine herein i be on aPa The Engineere Woo aocitioncontining progrm of lbortory teting, proct reerch, n comprehenive fiel experi-ence. Neither aPa, nor it member mke ny wrrnty, expree or implie, or me nylegl libility or reponibility for the e, ppliction of, n/or reference to opinion, fining,conclion, or recommention incle in thi pbliction. Conlt yor locl jriiction oreign profeionl to re complince with coe, contrction, n performnce reqire-ment. Bece aPa h no control over qlity of workmnhip or the conition ner whichengineere woo proct re e, it cnnot ccept reponibility of proct performnce oreign ctlly contrcte.
Fom No. T450g/rvsd Sptmb 2013
Recommended