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Survey of CCA-Treated WoodSurvey of CCA-Treated Wood in the C&D Waste Stream in the C&D Waste Stream
CCA TAG MeetingCCA TAG Meeting May 13, 2004May 13, 2004
Orlando, FloridaOrlando, Florida
Florida Center for Solid and Hazardous Florida Center for Solid and Hazardous Waste ManagementWaste Management
A Type I (Statewide) Research Center A Type I (Statewide) Research Center created by the Florida Legislature in created by the Florida Legislature in
19881988
The Center’s mission is The Center’s mission is to sponsor and conduct to sponsor and conduct research in the area of research in the area of
solid and hazardous solid and hazardous waste management.waste management.
We work with faculty at We work with faculty at nine universities.nine universities.
• Construction & Construction & Demolition DebrisDemolition Debris
• Electronic Waste Electronic Waste • Hazardous Waste Hazardous Waste
ManagementManagement• Incineration Incineration • Landfills Landfills • Medical Waste Medical Waste
ManagementManagement
Principal research areas include:Principal research areas include:
• Municipal Solid Municipal Solid Waste ManagementWaste Management
• Pollution PreventionPollution Prevention• Recycling and ReuseRecycling and Reuse• Socioeconomic Socioeconomic
Issues Issues • Special WastesSpecial Wastes• Waste ReductionWaste Reduction
Current CCA Current CCA Research ProjectsResearch Projects
Extent of CCA-Treated Wood Used for Extent of CCA-Treated Wood Used for Commercial MulchCommercial Mulch
Helena Solo-Gabriele, Ph.D., P.E.Helena Solo-Gabriele, Ph.D., P.E.University of MiamiUniversity of Miami
Timothy Townsend, Ph.D.Timothy Townsend, Ph.D.University of FloridaUniversity of Florida
Management and Disposal Options for Management and Disposal Options for CCA-Treated Wood WasteCCA-Treated Wood Waste
Helena Solo-Gabriele, Ph.D., P.E.Helena Solo-Gabriele, Ph.D., P.E.University of MiamiUniversity of Miami
Timothy Townsend, Ph.D.Timothy Townsend, Ph.D.University of FloridaUniversity of Florida
Arsenic Uptake Released From CCA-Treated Arsenic Uptake Released From CCA-Treated Lumber by Florida Vegetable CropsLumber by Florida Vegetable Crops
Aziz Shiralipour, Ph.D.Aziz Shiralipour, Ph.D.University of Florida/IFAS School of University of Florida/IFAS School of Forest Resources and ConservationForest Resources and Conservation
Survey TeamSurvey Team
FCSHWM:FCSHWM:– Cheryl BakerCheryl Baker– Marcia MarwedeMarcia Marwede– Rosemary Rosemary
McDanielMcDaniel– Diana ReichenbachDiana Reichenbach– Rhonda RogersRhonda Rogers– John SchertJohn Schert– Kim StengerKim Stenger– Dion WeaverDion Weaver
Florida Dept. of Florida Dept. of Environmental Environmental Protection:Protection:– Suzanne BoroffSuzanne Boroff– Bill HinkleyBill Hinkley– Lee MartinLee Martin– Chris McGuireChris McGuire– Richard TedderRichard Tedder
University of University of Miami:Miami:– Gary JacobiGary Jacobi– Tomoyuki ShibataTomoyuki Shibata– Dr.Helena Solo-Dr.Helena Solo-
GabrieleGabriele
Survey TeamSurvey Team
University of University of Florida:Florida:– Kim CochranKim Cochran– Sreeram Sreeram
JonnalagaddaJonnalagadda– Aaron JordanAaron Jordan– Dr. Tim TownsendDr. Tim Townsend– Qiyong XuQiyong Xu
Survey TeamSurvey TeamOrganizational/Safety Meeting Feb 18, 2004Organizational/Safety Meeting Feb 18, 2004
Survey TeamSurvey Team
FCSHWM FCSHWM Survey Survey TeamTeam
The Contribution of Wood to C&D The Contribution of Wood to C&D DebrisDebris
New Construction Demolition
Renovation
YardWaste
Survey of Disposal Survey of Disposal Facilities Facilities in Floridain Florida
Provide data/information on the Provide data/information on the occurrence of CCA-treated wood in occurrence of CCA-treated wood in the waste stream.the waste stream.
Survey of Disposal FacilitiesSurvey of Disposal Facilities
23 facilities were visited across the state 23 facilities were visited across the state between February 26 – May 4between February 26 – May 4
– Class III landfillsClass III landfills– C&D landfillsC&D landfills– Materials Recycling Facilities (MRFs)Materials Recycling Facilities (MRFs)– Class I landfill (one facility)Class I landfill (one facility)
Staff observed that there is very little Staff observed that there is very little difference in the type of waste accepted at difference in the type of waste accepted at Class III landfills and C&D landfills.Class III landfills and C&D landfills.
Landfills
Recycling Facilities
Survey of Disposal FacilitiesSurvey of Disposal Facilities
BayBrowardColumbiaDixieFlaglerGulfHernandoLeonLibertyMarion
ManateeNassauOkaloosaPalm BeachPascoPolkPutnamSanta RosaSarasotaSuwanee
20 Counties visited
Preliminary Data!!Preliminary Data!!
Total # of loads observed = 342Total # of loads observed = 342 Est. total volume of all loads = 6501 ydEst. total volume of all loads = 6501 yd33
# of loads containing wood = 319 or 93% (319/342)# of loads containing wood = 319 or 93% (319/342) Est. total volume of wood = 1566 ydEst. total volume of wood = 1566 yd33 or 24% or 24%
(1566/6501)(1566/6501)
# of loads contained treated wood = 141 or # of loads contained treated wood = 141 or 41% 41% (141/342)(141/342)
Est. total volume of treated wood = 261 ydEst. total volume of treated wood = 261 yd33 or or 4% 4% (261/6501)(261/6501)
Survey of Disposal FacilitiesSurvey of Disposal Facilities
4% Seems about right 4% Seems about right based on previous research based on previous research by Townsend and Solo-by Townsend and Solo-Gabriele.Gabriele.
Wood Mix Wood Mix Untreated vs. Treated Untreated vs. Treated
83% untreated 83% untreated 17% treated wood17% treated wood
Due to safety Due to safety issues, the issues, the source of the source of the loads loads (residential/ (residential/ commercial, commercial, construction/ construction/ demolition/ demolition/ renovation, renovation, etc.) could etc.) could not be not be determined determined for all loads.for all loads.
Survey of Disposal FacilitiesSurvey of Disposal Facilities
Dedicated Loads Dedicated Loads (Deck/Dock)(Deck/Dock)
Dedicated LoadsDedicated LoadsOf the 342 total loads observed, 141 of the loads contained treated wood.
Of the 141 loads containing wood, there were 9 loads (6.3%) where the fraction of treated wood was greater than 80% of the total volume of the load.
Of the 141 loads containing wood, there were 5 loads (3.5%) where the fraction of treated wood was greater than 98% of the total volume of the load.
So, the PRELIMINARY data indicates that only 1.5% of the 342 loads
were “dedicated loads”.
Dedicated load from a dock Dedicated load from a dock builderbuilder
The identification and removal of CCA-The identification and removal of CCA-treated wood is treated wood is VERYVERY difficult in some difficult in some
instances.instances.
Identification of treated wood is Identification of treated wood is difficult when the wood is painted.difficult when the wood is painted.
End tags help identify CCA-treated End tags help identify CCA-treated woodwood
Is it CCA, ACQ or Copper Is it CCA, ACQ or Copper Azole?Azole?
Color differences between Color differences between untreated and treated wood (NOT untreated and treated wood (NOT
WEATHERED)WEATHERED)
Mixed wood debrisMixed wood debris
Weathering and paint make Weathering and paint make identification difficultidentification difficult
Treated wood may be hidden in Treated wood may be hidden in landscaping and yard wastelandscaping and yard waste
Survey of Disposal Survey of Disposal FacilitiesFacilities
Of the 141 loads that contained treated Of the 141 loads that contained treated wood:wood:• 63%63% were identified by the greenish hue were identified by the greenish hue• 37%37% were from a structure that is typically were from a structure that is typically
treated (fence, deck, dock, etc.)treated (fence, deck, dock, etc.)• 10%10% were identified through consultation were identified through consultation
with landfill staff, hauler, or other expertwith landfill staff, hauler, or other expert• 5%5% were identified by end tags were identified by end tags
*note: some loads were identified using more than one method*note: some loads were identified using more than one method
How was CCA-treated wood identified?
Survey of Disposal FacilitiesSurvey of Disposal Facilities
Survey of Disposal FacilitiesSurvey of Disposal Facilities
Borate treated woodfor interior use only
Survey of Disposal FacilitiesSurvey of Disposal Facilities
Survey of Disposal FacilitiesSurvey of Disposal Facilities
Survey of Disposal FacilitiesSurvey of Disposal Facilities
Survey of Disposal FacilitiesSurvey of Disposal Facilities
How waste enters MRFsHow waste enters MRFs
Waste Sorting at MRFsWaste Sorting at MRFs
Wood separated from other Wood separated from other waste at MRFswaste at MRFs
A concrete tipping floor such A concrete tipping floor such as this makes picking and as this makes picking and
sorting easiersorting easier
Some landfills have more area Some landfills have more area for walking around the waste to for walking around the waste to
sort out recyclablessort out recyclables
Most landfills have little room Most landfills have little room for sorting waste after tippingfor sorting waste after tipping
Phone Phone SurveySurvey
The team contacted approximately 500 businesses that typically dispose of wood.
Contractors – 14Contractors – 14 Decks – 6Decks – 6 Demolition – 5Demolition – 5 Docks – 31Docks – 31 Fencing – 140Fencing – 140 Marine – 34Marine – 34 Woodworks - 2Woodworks - 2
Businesses that participatedBusinesses that participated
Insert photo
Typical UsesTypical Uses
Decks, BoardwalksDecks, Boardwalks
Typical UsesTypical Uses
FencesFences
Typical UsesTypical Uses
DocksDocks
Typical UsesTypical Uses
Utility PolesUtility Poles
Phone Survey ResultsPhone Survey Results
General contractors reported CCA-treated wood was in SOME of their loads
Deck Builders reported that nearly ALL the decks were CCA-treated
Demolition Contractors reported that VERY FEW of their loads contained CCA-treated wood
Dock Builders reported that MOST docks were CCA-treated
How much CCA-treated wood is being discarded?
Fence Builders– 21% reported less than half of their
discarded wood waste was CCA-treated– 2% reported that half of their discarded
wood was CCA-treated– 38% reported that most of their
discarded wood waste was CCA-treated– 39% were unsure how much of their
discarded wood was CCA-treated
Marine Contractors– 14% said a small amount of their wood
waste was CCA-treated– 12% said most of their wood waste was
CCA-treated– 56% said all of their wood waste was
CCA-treated– 18% were unsure how much of their
discarded wood was CCA-treated
24%
7%
5%
3%
51%
3%3%3%
1%
Landfilled - 51%
Picked up by hauler -24%Placed in dumpster -7%Taken to C&D facility -5%Burned - 3%
Picked up by collectionservice - 3%Recycled - 3%
Unknow n - 3%
Other - 1%
Where is the discarded wood going?
Waste wood disposed in a roll-Waste wood disposed in a roll-offoff
Residential CollectionResidential Collection
Some residential treated wood waste is already being hauled to a waste-to-energy plant or lined MSW landfill through curbside collection.
Residential Residential CollectionCollection
Some landfills indicate they do Some landfills indicate they do not accept treated woodnot accept treated wood
THANK YOU TO:THANK YOU TO: Arena Landfill and Sand, CrestviewArena Landfill and Sand, Crestview Bayside of Ocala, OcalaBayside of Ocala, Ocala Coastal Landfill Disposal of Florida, HudsonCoastal Landfill Disposal of Florida, Hudson Deland Landfill, DelandDeland Landfill, Deland Delta Recycling, Pompano BeachDelta Recycling, Pompano Beach Dixie County Transfer Station and C&D Site, Cross Dixie County Transfer Station and C&D Site, Cross
CityCity Five Points Landfill, Port St. JoeFive Points Landfill, Port St. Joe Lena Road – Manatee County Landfill, BradentonLena Road – Manatee County Landfill, Bradenton Leon County South Landfill, TallahasseeLeon County South Landfill, Tallahassee Liberty County Landfill, BristolLiberty County Landfill, Bristol Live Oak C&D Landfill, Live OakLive Oak C&D Landfill, Live Oak Pasco County Landfill, Springhill Pasco County Landfill, Springhill Pasco Lakes Landfill, Wesley ChapelPasco Lakes Landfill, Wesley Chapel Polk County North Central Landfill Facility, Winter Polk County North Central Landfill Facility, Winter
HavenHaven Putnam County Central Landfill, PalatkaPutnam County Central Landfill, Palatka Sandhill Recycling, Fernandina BeachSandhill Recycling, Fernandina Beach Santa Rosa Central Landfill, MiltonSanta Rosa Central Landfill, Milton Sarasota County Central Landfill, NokomisSarasota County Central Landfill, Nokomis Sun Recycling, DaniaSun Recycling, Dania Sun Recycling, LantanaSun Recycling, Lantana Sunshine Grove Road C&D Landfill, BrooksvilleSunshine Grove Road C&D Landfill, Brooksville Waste Recyclers of North Florida, FreeportWaste Recyclers of North Florida, Freeport Winfield Southwest Facility, Lake CityWinfield Southwest Facility, Lake CityAnd to all the businesses that gave of their time to answer the phone survey
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