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Parts of the Surgical Instrument
JAWS
RATCHETTIP
BOXLOCK FINGER RINGS
SHANK
Functions of the Instrument Parts
• Finger Ringers: Provide place for the user to place his fingers and grip the instrument securely
• Ratchet: Allows the instrument to be locked in place• Shank: Connects the boxlock to the finger rings• Boxlock: Hinge joint; controls the jaws of the
instrument• Jaws: Along with the tip is the working part of the
instrument; may be smooth or serrated or cross-hatched for grasping tissue or suture; can be straight or curved
• Tips: Can be pointed or round; have teeth or no teeth
Important Tips:
To identify and differentiate instruments:- Look at the tip.- Does it have teeth and what do the teeth look like?- Is the jaw smooth or serrated?- If the jaw is serrated, do the serrations run
horizontally or longitudinally?- Do the serrations run the entire length or halfway
through the jaw?
Blades
Use: For cutting the skin; for small puncture incisions; for cutting tissue and blood vessels
#10 #11 #12 #15
Scalpel handleaka knife handle/ blade handle
Use: holding scalpel blade
Needles
Use: For suturing; may be cutting or curved
Towel Clipaka towel clamp
Use: For securing towels and drapes; grasping tissue; holding or reducing small bone fractures
Needles
Use: For suturing; may be cutting or curved
Needle Holder
*Jaw may have a groove
Use: For holding needle
Towel Clipaka towel clamp
Use: For securing towels and drapes; grasping tissue; holding or reducing small bone fractures
Thumb forceps
Use: grasping tissue
Tissue forceps aka pick-ups; rat-tooth forceps
Use: For grasping tissue; closing wound
Adson forceps(plain) aka Adson dressing forceps
Use: grasping tissue
Adson Tissue Forceps(with teeth)
Use: grasping skin layer during wound closure
DeBakey Tissue Forceps
Use: grasping fine tissue
Russian Forceps
Use: grasping tissue; aortic aneurysm plaque
Sponge Forceps
Use: For holding sponges or grasping tissue
Babcock
Use: grasping delicate tissue (eg, fallopian tube, bowel, vas deferens)
Allis
Use: grasping organ or tissue that is being removed
Kocheraka Ochsner
Use: grasping heavy tissue, eg, fascia
Mixteraka right angle
Use: clamping tissue; grasping a ligature around a curve blood vessel for hemostatic purposes
Mosquito Forcepsaka Halstead Hemostatic Clamp; stat
*can be straight or curved; 5” longUse: used for more delicate tissues; fine and small hemostats used to control the bleeding of finer vessels
Kelly Hemostatic Clamp
*5.5’’ – 7” long*Heavy blades*May be straight or curved*looks like Pean clamp but is serrated only halfway
Use: clamping large blood vessels or tissues
Pean aka Mayo-Pean clamp
*5.5” – 9” long* Can be straight or curved* Looks like Kelly but jaws are fully serrated
Use: clamping large blood vessels or tissues
Crile Hemostatic Clampaka Hemostat
*5.5” , 6.5”, 7.5” long* Can be straight or curved
Use: clamping large blood vessels or tissues
Mayo Scissorscurved - dissecting scissorsstraight – cutting scissors
*Heavy bladesUse: staight Mayo – cutting sutures, dressings and drainscurved Mayo – cutting or dissecting heavy tissue or muscle
Metzenbaum Scissorsaka Metz
Use: cutting or dissecting delicate tissueNOT used for cutting sutures, drains, heavy tissue
MAYO METZ
Bandage Scissors
Use: cutting dressings and bandages
Iris Scissors
Use: cutting and dissecting fine tissue
Army – Navy Retractor
*double-ended*usually used in pairsUse: exposing superficial wound
Richardson Retractor
Use: exposing wound
Richardson-Eastman Retractor
Use: exposing wound
Deaver Retractor
Use: deep retraction
Malleable Retractoraka Ribbon
Use: exposing wound
Harrington Retractoraka sweetheart; valentine
Use: exposing deep wound
Balfour Retractoraka self-retaining retractor; abdominal self-retracting
Use: deep abdominal retraction
Bladder Blade for Balfour Retractor
Goelet Retractor
*double-ended*usually used in pairsUse: retracting superficial tissue
Senn Retractor
double-ended*usually used in pairsUse: retracting superficial tissue
Hysterometer
Use:
Tenaculum
Use: Grasping cervix
Thomas Curetteaka Dull Curette
Use: scraping endocervical and endometrial linings
Sims Curetteaka Sharp Curette
Use: scraping endocervical and endometrial linings
Simpson Obstetrical Forceps
Use: delivering baby
OTHERS• Vaginal Speculum• Bladder Retractor• Dilator• Sponge Forceps• Russian Forceps• Kocher/ Ochsner• Babcock• Allis• Scissors
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