SUNDARBAN

*Prepared by

*Mizanur Rahman

*Abdullah all masum

*Irin Sultana

*Salma Nasrin

1st Batch

Dept. of Tourism and Hospitality Management

Faculty of Business Studies

University of Dhaka

Welcome

SundarbanThe mangrove

forest

Overview

Known as virgin forest.

Derived from the name of SUNDARI

tree.

The natural habitat of the world famous Royal Bengal Tiger

Land and water meet in many novel

fashions

Declared as a Reserve Forest in 1875

Wild life presents many a spectacle.

loaded with timber, golpatta (round-leaf), fuel wood, honey, and fishes.

Came under the UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1999.

Location & size

Located in the south western part of

Bangladesh

Lies on the Ganges-Brahmaputra Delta.

Merges with the bay of Bengal.

The forest lies under two forest divisions, and four

administrative ranges

Consists of about 200 islands.

Separated by about 400 interconnected tidal

rivers

The Sundarbans was originally measured to be of about 16,700 sq. km.

Bangladesh received about 2/3 part.

Climate

• Classified as tropical moist forest.

• Temperatures vary between 30o and 21oC

• High temperatures occur from mid-March to mid-June

• Low in December and January.

Annual rainfall ranges of 1640-2000 mm.

Most rainfall occurs during the monsoon from May to October.

Humidity varies from 70% at Satkhira to 80% at Patuakhali.

Humidity is highest in June-October and lowest in February.

Biodiversity

Biodiversity

FaunaFlora

Flora

Flora of Sundarban consists of more than

more than 330 plants species. Among them

• True Mangrove species =

26

• Total Species =

84

,

• Sundary, • Baen, • Genwa,Goran,• Garjan, • Kankra, • Hental,• Dhundul

Sundarban is characterized

by…….

Fauna

The Sundarban provides a unique ecosystem and a rich wildlife

habitat.

over 40 mammal species

over 270 bird species

over 45 reptile species

at least 11 amphibian species

over 120 fish species

an unknown number of invertebrates

The fauna……

…

• Tigers, • Leopards,• Rhinoceros, • Wild Buffaloes,• Wild Hogs,• Wild Cats, • Barasinga, • Spotted Deer, • Hog Deer, • Barking Deer,

People and Culture

Number of inhabitants 2.5 million

Depend on sundarban for their livelihood

Celebrate their life through Bengali folk songs dances etc

Pray to their local deity like Bonbibi, Dakshinraj etc

Eco Tourism

Tourist can enjoy…..

Sundarban is a nature's school for the Eco-tourist.

Include shyness and cautious attitude of this magnificent animal,

Grazing spotted deer

Crocodile’s basking in the winter sun

Lizard’s moving like the fabled dragons.

Lodging

few accommodation and transportation facilities……….

A large well equipped rest house at Hiron point

A smaller one at katka Some launches equipped with

catering and sleeping facilities Visitors can stay in Khulna and

Bagerhat

Activities

Bay of Bengal Exploration

Honey Collection (April – June)

Bonbibi Mela (January)

Dubla Rash Purnima Mela

Bird-watching Tours

Fishing with Trained Otters

:

Bay of Bengal exploration

Exploring narrow creeks by silent country boat

Observing wildlife up close

Walking on the beautiful unspoiled sandy beaches along the Bay of Bengal

Honey collection

Visitors can join with the Mowal in their search for precious honey after watching the official opening ceremony.

This can be a true adventure in the field of tiger

Bonbibi Mela

The local people of Sundarban pray for their safety to Bonbibi,

The local deity and once a year they arrange a festive occasion with music, theaters, fairs etc.

Economic Value

Sundarban plays a great role in our

economy.

Source for livelihood of people

Diminish the devastation power

of natural calamities

Source of fuel and raw materials for

industries.

Conservation Management

• Cultivation of land • Damage to vegetation• Hunting • Introduction of

domestic animals • and setting of fires

prohibitions for

conservation management including…….

Management constraints

• Geographical position

• Natural calamity

• Over exploitation of timber resources and fauna

• Illegal hunting and trapping

• Killing and marketing of marine mammals for food

Management challenges

Difficult terrain and poor Infrastructure.

Porous international border.

Extremely poor fringe Population.

Rampant collection of tiger Prawn seedlings.

Water pollution.

Global warming.

Soil erosion.

• Lack of roads.• Acute scarcity of potable

water• No electricity.• Absence of fast moving

boats.• Inadequate number of land

based camps.

Poor infrastructure

Porous International

Border

A common boundary of approx. 20 km with Bangladesh.

Rivers Raimongal and Harinbhanga form boundary with.

Large unmanned stretches of border area.

High population density with low socio economic status

Extremely poor fringe population

Agriculture is the mainstay of the majority of the

population.

Most of the land holdings fall in

small and marginal category.

Low productivity of land and

absence of water for irrigation.

Pollution

Water pollution from large number of vessels plying in

the rivers and channels.

Release of sewage and chemical effluents

upstream

Dumping of wastes especially plastic near river

bank

Mushrooming of numerous tourist lodges

Global warming

Though no concrete studies carried out to this effect

Potential danger in the long run

• Protection• Eco development initiatives• Regulating• Ecotourism• Monitoring

Recommendation

Protection

Establishment of new land based camps

Special patrolling during sensitive periods

Local youth involved in patrolling

Floating camps and check posts

Protection Monitoring Protocol

Development of intelligence network

Raising awareness

Creation awareness by conducting tours of Forest

Protection Committee’s/Eco-development

Committee members and local school children

Celebration of Aranya Saptah, Wildlife week and

World Environment Day

Regulating ecotourism Tourist visit has been rising exponentially

Last year one lakh people visited Sundarban Tiger Reserve

Uncontrolled tourism leading to overcrowding, littering

and an overall poor visitor satisfaction

Meeting with all stakeholders to work out contentious

Thanks