Structure and Properties of Amino Acids and Proteins Amino Acids General Features Isomerism,...

Structure and Properties of Amino Acids and Proteins

Amino AcidsGeneral Features

Isomerism, Chirality and Optical RotationAmphoteric PropertiesAmino Acid Side ChainsAcid Base Characteristics of Amino Acids

Peptides and ProteinsLevels of Protein Structure

Primary StructureSecondary StructureTertiary and Quaternary Structures

How Protein Conformations are Stabilizing

General Amino Acid Structure

General Amino Acid Features

+H3N HC

= O O-C

NH3+H C

L - isomer D - isomer

Isomerism

Constitutional isomers, nonsuperimposable, mirror images(i.e. stereoisomers)

+H3N HC

= O O-C

NH3+H C

R - clockwise

Chirality and the R, S system

S - counterclockwise

H < C < N < O

+H3N HC

= O O-C

NH3+H C

L - isomer D - isomer

Amphoteric Properties

Zwitterions

ValineAlanine

Pyruvate

Nonpolar Hydrophobic Amino Acids

Isoleucine Leucine

Proline

Phenylalanine

Tryptophan

Tyrosine

Aromatic Amino Acids

Aspartic AcidOxaloacetate

Glutamic AcidA-ketoglutarate

Metabolic intermediatesMetabolic intermediates

HistidineArginine

Lysine

Positively Charged Amino Acids

Threonine

Asparagine

Methionine

SerineCysteine

Glutamine

Amino Acids with Uncharged R- groups (but vary in polarity)

Glycine

Essential amino acids

1. Humans can produce 10 of the 20 amino acids. The others must be supplied in the food. 2. Failure to obtain enough of even 1 of the 10 essential amino acids, those that we cannot

make, results in degradation cellular and noncellular proteins to obtain the one amino acid that is needed.

3. Unlike fat and starch, the human body does not store excess amino acids for later use—the amino acids must be in the food every day.

4. The 10 amino acids that we can produce are:

Alanine Asparagine Aspartic acid

Cysteine Glutamic acid Glutamine

Glycine Proline Serine

Tyrosine

Tyrosine is produced from phenylalanine, so if the diet is deficient in phenylalanine, tyrosine will be required as well.

Proline

The essential amino acids are:

Arginine Histidine Isoleucine

Leucine Lysine Methionine

Phenylalanine Threonine Tryptophan

Valine

These amino acids are REQUIRED in the diet.

They are INDISPENSABLE .

Structure and Properties of Amino Acids and Proteins Amino Acids General Features Isomerism,...

Documents

DISORDERS OF AMINO Acids Metabolism - · PDF filedisorders of amino & imino acids 1. aromatic amino acids 2. sulphur containing amino acids 3. branched –chain amino acids . aromatic

1 20.1 Functions of Proteins 20.2 Amino Acids 20.3 Amino Acids as Acids and Bases Chapter 20 Amino Acids and Proteins

DISORDERS OF AMINO Acids Metabolism€¦ · disorders of amino & imino acids 1. aromatic amino acids 2. sulphur containing amino acids 3. branched –chain amino acids

Amino acids structure. Configuration of Amino Acids

PROTEIN METABOLISM Kadek Rachmawati. PROTEIN METABOLISM Protein Catabolism Amino Acids Metabolism Amino Acids Catabolism Amino Acids Biosynthesis

THE AMPHOTERIC PROPERTIES OF SOME AMINO-ACIDS · 2017. 3. 23. · ture contained in every case 0.05 gram molecule of the amino-acid or peptide or other substance, and 0.05 gram molecule

Amino Acids

Amino acids as amphoteric compounds Acidity Basicity pKa Electronic and structural features that influence acidity and basicity

Amino Acids Metabolism : Disposal of Nitrogen. No No Storage Amino Acids of Amino Acids in the body No No Storage Amino Acids of Amino Acids in the body

Branched Chain Amino Acids - Doctor's Best Inc. · Branched Chain Amino Acids INGREDIENTS Doctor’s Best Branched Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs) refers to the essential amino acids: Leucine,

2. AMINO ACIDS, PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS amino acidsdolezala/FCHS/2. Amino acids, peptides... · 1 2. AMINO ACIDS, PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS amino acids functional groups: NH 2 COOH amino

Amino Acids, Peptides & Proteins -amino acid:. Amino Acids Are >500 naturally occurring amino acids identified in living organisms Humans synthesize

Amino Acids:

Amino&Acids - Oregon State Universityoregonstate.edu/instruct/bb450/450material/Keynotes/03AminoAcids.pdf · • Proteins$comprised$of$2021 $amino$acids. Amino&Acids Essential$Amino$Acids

Chapter 18 Amino Acids, Proteins and Enzymes. Amino Acids 20 amino acids; all are α-amino acids:

Protein structure. Amino acids Amino acids: R group properties

Branched Chain Amino Acids · Branched Chain Amino Acids INGREDIENTS Doctor’s Best Branched Chain Amino Acids (BCAAs) refers to the essential amino acids: Leucine, Isoleucine and

Amino Acids: *Classification of Amino Acids According

2. AMINO ACIDS, PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS amino acids. Amino acids, peptides... · 1 2. AMINO ACIDS, PEPTIDES AND PROTEINS amino acids functional groups: NH 2 COOH amino acids bound by

Amino Acids, Peptides, and Proteins.. Classification of Amino Acids