Structural Drawing Chapter 19. 2 Technical Drawing 13 th Edition Giesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill...

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Structural Drawing

Chapter 19

2Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Objectives

• Create a structural truss or floor plan drawing

• Label and specify the size and shape of steel structural members

• Identify, draw, and label various structural steel shapes

3Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Objectives (cont.)

• Identify, draw, and label high-strength bolts used in structural joints

• Identify welding symbols used in steel fabrication of structural components

• Identify and read concrete and brick construction details

4Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Structural Drawings

• Structural drawings include:• Foundation plans• Wall sections and framing details• Structural steel framing and details• Beam and column drawings and

details

5Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Wood Construction

• Many different types of wood are used as structural timber

• The surface of a wood product is finished by milling or planing • Due to wood loss in surfacing, nominal

size is larger than dressed thickness• Symbols are used to indicate

requirements for finished surfaces on wood

6Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Wood Joints

7Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

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Connector Designs

8Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Structural Steel

• Structural steel drawings are ordinarily one of two types:• Engineering design drawings• Manufacturing (shop) drawings

9Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Structural Steel

• Engineering design drawings show the overall dimensions of the structure including:• Locations of columns, beams, angles

and other shapes• Sizes of structural members• Detail in the form of cross sections,

special connections required, and notes

10Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Structural Steel

11Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Structural Steel

• Shop drawings consist of detail drawings of all parts of the entire structure showing exactly how the parts are to be made

• These drawings show all dimensions necessary for fabrication, usually calculated to the nearest 1/16”

12Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Piece Marks

• A system is used to mark each piece that is separately handled

• This mark is called a piece mark and should be shown wherever the member appears on the drawings

13Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Piece Marks

14Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Structural Steel Shapes

• Structural steel is available in many standard shapes

• Most CAD programs have structural shapes symbol libraries available

15Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Structural Steel Shapes

16Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Erection Plans

• Erection plans made by the steel fabricator are assembly drawings for the steel structure

17Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Erection Plans

18Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Connections

• Main members are joined together in the field to build a structure and most joints are welded connections to the main members

• Riveting is seldom used as a connection but you may find reference to riveted joints in original plans

19Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Connections

• AISC recommends certain standard connections for attaching beams• You should know the strength of the

various connections and use them only when they are sufficient

20Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Welding

• Welding is a common method for connecting steel members of buildings and bridges• The fillet weld is the most common in

structural steel fabrication

21Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Welded Beam Detail

22Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

High-Strength Bolting for Structural Joints• Two common

types of high-strength steel bolts are ASTM A325 and A490

23Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Accuracy in Dimensions

• Incorrect dimensions on drawings will result in serious errors and misfits when members are assembled in the field

• Consider the effect of tolerance stacking on the fit of steel members

24Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Concrete Construction

• Concrete is made by mixing sand, gravel, or other aggregates with Portland cement and water

• Reinforced concrete has embedded steel reinforcing bars

• In prestressed concrete, the steel is pretensioned before the superimposed load is applied

25Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Reinforced Concrete Drawings

26Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Structural Clay Products

• Brick and tile are some of the best known forms of building construction

• Traditionally they are built into masonry forms and units are placed one at a time in a soft mortar

27Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Stone Construction

• Natural stone is also used in masonry construction, most commonly for ornamental facing

28Technical Drawing 13th EditionGiesecke, Mitchell, Spencer, Hill Dygdon, Novak, Lockhart

© 2009 Pearson Education, Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458.

All Rights Reserved.

Laying and Bonding Brick, Tile and Stone

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