Spring 2007Introduction to OS1 IT 3423: Operating System Concepts and Administration Instructor:...

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 1

IT 3423: Operating System Concepts and Administration

Instructor: Wayne (Weizheng) Zhouwzhou2@spsu.edu

http://it.spsu.edu/wzhouOffice No.: J388

Office hours: MW 5:30pm - 7:45pm (or by appointment)

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 2

COURSE DESCRIPTION:

An introduction to basic operating system principles

Different types of operating systems and their administrations are studied

Learning basic system administering skills

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 3

COURSE OBJECTIVE: The goal for students in this course

is to learn the concepts the OSs and the basic administering skills. This course will cover basic OS concepts and the essential aspects of installing, configuring, networking, and administering the operating systems including the Windows Server 2003 and the Fedora Linux.

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 4

COURSE OBJECTIVE: cont

The students will learn to work with domains, Active Directory, virtual private networking (VPN), Terminal Services, Internet Information Services (IIS), Domain Name Service, and other features including security, file systems, DHCP, and printing in Windows Server 2003 and Fedora.

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 5

HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENTS: All assignments will be list on the class

schedule online, as well as on the assignment itself. The assignments will be accessible from anywhere on the Internet.

There are five homework assignments will be assigned in this semester.

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 6

GRADING: Homework (5 @ 4% ea.) 20% Labs 16% Project 9% Exam 1, 2 (Windows) 30% Exam 3 (Linux) 25%

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 7

Introduction to Operating System (OS) A collection of system programs that

provides an intermediate interface between the computer hardware and computer user.

It provides software and hardware management.

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 8

How an OS works? Environment- in which the OS provides

the look and feel of the system. Most OS includes a number of functionally

separate pieces.1. Kernel- It’s responsible for managing all

the other system programs. It oversees the whole process of operating the computer system.

2. Shell- It allows the user to operate the system

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 9

System components

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 10

A list of Operating Systems

DOS Windows Linux UNIX Novell Mac OS

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 11

Types of User InterfacesThe OS must provide a way for humans

to communicate with machine-User interface(UI).

1. Command-Line User Interface It uses the keyboard to communicate

with the OS and the computer.2. Graphical User Interface(GUI) It represents commands as a number

of small pictures called icons.

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 12

Hardware CPU-the Central processing unit

It is the brain of the computer. RAM-random access memory

It functions as the principal workspace of the computer

ROM-read-only memoryIt is programmed once at the factory

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 13

Hardware: cont. BIOS-basic input-output system

It is a ROM chip that has programmed with the instructions needed to begin the boot process.

Motherboard-the main circuit board in the computer

Keyboard-It used to input information for the computer’s programs

Pointing Device

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 14

Classifications of Hardware Components 4 categories: input, output,

processing, and storage1.Input components-allow the

user to communicate information to the computer.include: Keyboard, Mouse, Scanner, and Voice devices

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 15

Classifications of Hardware Components: cont. Output components-allow the

communication of information back to the userinclude: Monitor and Printer devices

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 16

Classifications of Hardware Components: cont. Processing-the CPU is used to

process information. Storage devices-used to store

information.include: Tapes, Disks, Hard Disks, Zip, and Memory cards

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 17

Basic Functionalities of the OS

Including:1. Resource Management2. Memory Management3. File Management

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 18

Resource Management Starting Up

When the computer is turned on, it is set to look at the starting address for the BIOS.

It then reads the BIOS, the list of all instructions it needs to get going.

The last instruction in the BIOS is to start reading the OS

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 19

Resource Management: cont. Shutting Down

Date needs to be put away Settings need to be stored Connections with devices and

the network need to be terminated

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 20

Resource Management: cont. Multitasking and Allocating

CPU cycles Compute allows user to do more

than one thing at the same time But CPU only do one thing at a

time-only one program is running at any instance in time.

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 21

Resource Management: cont.

The CPU counts the number of programs running and divides that number into one second

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 22

Memory Management After the computer is up and

running, the OS needs to allocate and manage memory.

RAM resource – controlled by OS without conflicting Some are used by OS Some are used by other running

programs

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 23

Memory Management If available RAM runs out:

Report to user and stop the process

Use virtual memory

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 24

File Management Files need to be stored,

retrieved, moved, duplicated, changed, and deleted.

The OS will perform all these functions.

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 25

File Management: cont. File types:

Programs – applications Documents – text, images,

sounds, … Containers – folders, directories

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 26

File Management: cont. Identifying Files and Types

Identified by extension name – DOS, Windows, UNIX

Identified by information that is hidden from user, but which is used by the OS – Mac OS

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 27

File Management: cont. Navigating and Locating Files

Group files together into folders (containers)

Can use search function to locate files if you know the files’ name

Spring 2007 Introduction to OS 28

File Management: cont. Copying and Moving Files

Between folders / disks Removing Files

Between HD and removable media