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Collaboration
Skillsin Special Education
SPED 568
Communication
Skills
PersonalCommitment
Programs or
Services
Interaction
Processes
Context
Components of Collaboration
PersonalCommitment
Context
Communication
Skills
Components of Collaboration
InterpersonalCommunication
A Model of Communication
Earliest models focused on one-way communication
• a sender delivered a message and the passive receiver decoded it.
HEY
A Model of Communication
More contemporary models view as a dynamic and complex communication process
HEY
A Model of Communication
More contemporary models view as a dynamic and complex communication process
What?
Common Attributes of Communication Models
Communication is• a process of exchanging
information between a sender and a receiver
• totality of the exchange
Communication through Channels (tactile? Olfactory?)
“Noise” Continuous feedback Multichannel sharing of
information (my whole being!)
Definition of Communication
Interpersonal communication is… Complex, reciprocal process
through which participants create meanings
as messages are transmitted
continuously and simultaneously
from one communicator to another
via multiple communication channels including electronic!
Prerequisites to Effective Communication
Frame of reference:
Your role
In Multicultural settings
Consider alternate frames of reference… “What do you mean?”
Teacher: “I really don’t know what to do to help her. I’m not sure she should be in my class.”
Parent: “He’s been in special education for three years now. Isn’t he caught up yet?”
Cross-Cultural Communication
Individualistic
Low-context: “to the point”
Talk
Directness
Uneven turn-taking
Collectivistic
High-context: from experience
Silence
Indirectness
Balanced turn-taking
Prerequisites to Effective Communication
Frame of reference:
Your role:
In Multicultural settings: your values and orientation
Selective perception: what did you notice?
Nonverbal Communication
Non Verbal Communication
Spatial relations
• spatial zones Body movements
• gestures and facial expressions
Vocal cues
• paralanguage Minimal encouragers
• silence
Understanding Nonverbal Communication: Yours and Mine!
Non verbal cues are in line with verbal message
Congruence communicates sincere understanding and genuine interest
Subjectivity involved in interpreting non-verbal communication
Need to identify your own patterns of nonverbal behavior
Congruence Individualism
Verbal Communication Principles Effect Your Message
Exchange concrete, specific information
Imprecise language is the cause of much miscommunication
Promotes trust
Conveys a nonjudgmental and accepting attitude
Concreteness Neutrality
Try this:
Can you be specific? (teacher)
• “How is his home life?”
• “She’s not really invested in her work”
• “That parent is always upset”
Why is Listening so Important?
Helps establish rapport
Allows accurate understanding
Demonstrates a desire to understand
Factors that Interfere with Effective Listening
Responding to assumptions
Insufficient time Rehearsing my
response Daydreaming Hot Words Filtering the message Extraneous details
What might interfere with your listening? How would you get around it?
A colleague with whom you collaborate demeans some of the students’ cultural or religious beliefs, calling them foolish or irrelevant
At a team meeting, your proposal for a new block scheduling plan – which you developed based on concerns expressed by the team and the quality of which you believe reflect the many hours you spent on it – is severely criticized and rejected by the team
Ideas for Effective Listening
Paraphrasing -Restating what another person has said in your own words
Asking Open Questions - explores a person's statement without requiring a simple ``yes'' or ``no'' answer
Feeling reflection - your perception of the speaker's feelings based on words, tone, and body language
Paraphrasing…
I think it’s ridiculous that the girls have their heads covered all the time.
You believe they shouldn’t have to cover their heads.
Asking Open Questions…
What part of the block plan did you find most difficult to understand?
Where do you feel the plan does meet your concerns?
Feeling Reflection…
I get sick of all these changes to our schedules!
I hear you feeling angry and resentful at being asked to deal with more change”
The most difficult active listening response to make. You have to listen to what is said and the feeling behind it!
Improving My Listening Skills
Mentally prepare to listen
Mentally review the information you’re given
Categorize the information
Make notes of informational details
Seek to differentiate and make opinions between inferences, facts and opinions
Tonight:
Reflect on your listening skills as you discuss the project with your team:
• What are your strengths
• What are your areas for improvement?
Improving My Communication Skills
Become a student of communication
Nurture and communicate openness
Keep communication meaningful
Use silence effectively Adapt your
communication to match the task and the relationship
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