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Spanish America and Brazil. Spain’s New World Empire. State and Church. Spanish America expanded rapidly after 1492 Portugal controlled Brazilian coast by 1600 Colonial administration was based on the European model Spanish Council of the Indies replaced conquistadors - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Spanish America
and Brazil
Spain’s New WorldEmpire
State and ChurchState and Church
Spanish America expanded rapidly after 1492
Portugal controlled Brazilian coast by 1600
Colonial administration was based on the European model
Spanish Council of the Indies replaced conquistadors
Distance from Europe meant viceroys had a degree of independence
Spanish America expanded rapidly after 1492
Portugal controlled Brazilian coast by 1600
Colonial administration was based on the European model
Spanish Council of the Indies replaced conquistadors
Distance from Europe meant viceroys had a degree of independence
Catholic Church pursued conversion (religion, language, culture)
Native resistance, depopulation meant that the Church became an urban institution (schools, universities)
Catholic Church pursued conversion (religion, language, culture)
Native resistance, depopulation meant that the Church became an urban institution (schools, universities)
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Colonial EconomiesColonial Economies
American gold, silver, sugar financed European global domination
1st labor systems (encomienda, mita) est. w/Amerindian labor
Over time, African slave trade became more important
American gold, silver, sugar financed European global domination
1st labor systems (encomienda, mita) est. w/Amerindian labor
Over time, African slave trade became more important
Colonial SocietyColonial Society
European immigrants exerted disproportionate control (Peninsulares, creoles)
“Indian” became a racial signifier
Mestizos and mulattoes-mixed ancestry
Those w/African ancestry barred from privileged positions by 1600
European immigrants exerted disproportionate control (Peninsulares, creoles)
“Indian” became a racial signifier
Mestizos and mulattoes-mixed ancestry
Those w/African ancestry barred from privileged positions by 1600
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English and French Colonies in North America
English MotivationsEnglish Motivations
Find NW Passage to Asia
Rival Spanish Source of raw materials, export market
First English colony (Roanoke, 1587) failed
Find NW Passage to Asia
Rival Spanish Source of raw materials, export market
First English colony (Roanoke, 1587) failed
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Roanoke Island-The “Lost Colony”
Southern ColoniesSouthern Colonies
VA Company- est. 1606
Jamestown Colony- f. 1607
New colony struggled to survive (disease, location, etc.)
VA Company- est. 1606
Jamestown Colony- f. 1607
New colony struggled to survive (disease, location, etc.)
Intro. of tobacco saved colony-required indentured servants, later slaves
Other S. colonies (MD, NC, SC, GA) also had plantation economies (tobacco, indigo, rice) and therefore slavery
Intro. of tobacco saved colony-required indentured servants, later slaves
Other S. colonies (MD, NC, SC, GA) also had plantation economies (tobacco, indigo, rice) and therefore slavery
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Middle Atlantic Colonies
Middle Atlantic Colonies
English captured New Amsterdam-1664 (renamed NY)
New colony linked NE and S
NJ-accommodated expanding pop.
PA-haven for Quakers
Economy-trade, farming
English captured New Amsterdam-1664 (renamed NY)
New colony linked NE and S
NJ-accommodated expanding pop.
PA-haven for Quakers
Economy-trade, farming
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New England ColoniesNew England Colonies
1st colonies (Plymouth, MA Bay) est. by Puritans escaping persecution
Economy-based on trade and farming
Other NE colonies (NH, CT, RI) founded due to expan. From MA
1st colonies (Plymouth, MA Bay) est. by Puritans escaping persecution
Economy-based on trade and farming
Other NE colonies (NH, CT, RI) founded due to expan. From MA
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New FranceNew France Cartier-claimed land
around the St. Lawrence River for France in 1534
Champlain-founded Quebec as 1st Fr. colony in the New World in 1608
Economy depended on fur trade
French missionaries would spread Catholicism (Jesuits)
Cartier-claimed land around the St. Lawrence River for France in 1534
Champlain-founded Quebec as 1st Fr. colony in the New World in 1608
Economy depended on fur trade
French missionaries would spread Catholicism (Jesuits)
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