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SOMM: Industry Oriented Model Management ToolE. Kharlamov, B.Cuenca Grau, E. Jimenez-Ruiz, Y . Nenov, I. Horrocks - University of OxfordS. Lamparter, G. Mehdi, M. Ringsquandl, S. Brandt - Siemens AG, CT
Smart Factories
Manufacturing Model Energy Production Model
Information Models in Siemens
Semantic Models for Siemens SOMM: Siemens-Oxford Model Manager
ISA 88/95
1. General guidelines
for specifying
• functionality of
• Interface between
• manufacturing
software
2. Consists of
• UML-like diagrams
• Tables, text
• Examples
ISA 88/95 based
manufacturing model
• Design & production
• Three layers
Standards
1. EC 81346, ISO/TS 16952-10
• generic dictionary of codes
• designation & classification
of industrial equipment
2. RDS PP and KKS
• extra codes for energy equipment
• functionality, locations
• system for combining codes
Plant Model based on standards
• describes the structure of a plant
• by providing functionality & location
of each equipment component
• using RDS PP and KKS codes.
Information models
• critical in enabling smart factories
• machine-readable conceptualisations / specifications
• describe assets: equipment & production processes in a plant
• address complexity of software dev. and integration process
• raise the abstraction level
• capture: functionality of & info flow between components
Many different types of models co-exist
• independently developed
• different (often incompatible) formats
• developed using different types of proprietary software
• models may not come with a well-defined semantics
• specifications of models can be ambiguous
Challenges in practice
• model development, maintenance, and integration
• data exchange and sharing
OWL 2 for information models
• rich, unambiguous, standardised & flexible modelling language
• well-suited for describing industrial information models
• a wide range of tools for, validation, integration, and reasoning
automation of labor-intensive, error-prone tasks
RDF for data exchange
• unified data format for access and exchanged
• RDF triple stores for storing, highly scalable query answering
• can be effectively queried in conjunction with ontologies
Ontologies in Siemens
• Have been successfully used for
• Ontology Based Data Access
• MES and shop-floor level diagnostics
• Developed by R&D personnel familiar with SW technologies
Axioms & constraints (A&C)
1. Form based interface
2. A&C on the same interface
3. A&C encoded in Datalog
Auto-generated data forms
1. From properties assigned to classes
2. Both explicit and implicit
Extended hierarchies
1. Based on arbitrary properties
2. Generalisation of partonomies
Alignment
1. Allows to merge and import models
2. Based on LogMap
Reasoning
1. Schema and Instance level reasoning
2. Hermit for schema level reasoning
• Ontology classification
• Class satisfiability
3. Datalog engine with Stratified Negation
• Data validation
• Query answering
fully computerised, software-driven, automation of
(production) processes and enterprise-wide
integration of software components
Project Goals:
• to widen the scope of ontologies in Siemens
• to scale onto development
• to provide industry-oriented ontology management tool
ISA 88/95
DIN EN 62264-2:2008-07
EN 62264-2:2008
29
4.7 Process segment
4.7.1 Process segment model
A process segment is a logical grouping of personnel resources, equipment resources, and material required to carry out a production step. A process segment defines the needed classes of personnel, equipment, and material, and/or it may define specific resources, such as specific equipment needed. A process segment may define the quantity of the resource needed.
Figure 5 is a copy of Figure 17 in IEC 62264-1, with a clarification of the relationship to the personnel, equipment, and material models, and with an additional object to contain the process segment dependency.
Figure 5 – Process segment model
4.7.2 Process segment
Table 27 lists the attributes of process segment.
Corresponds to element in
Correspondsto element in
Correspondsto element in
Personnel Segment
Specification
Equipment Segment
Specification
Material Segment
Specification
Process Segment Parameter
ProcessSegment
Has propertiesof
Has propertiesof
Has properties of
Is a collection of
0..n 0..n0..n 0..n
0..n0..n0..n
May be made up of
0..n
Personnel Model
EquipmentModel
MaterialModel
0..n 0..n 0..n
1..11..11..1
Specification Property
SpecificationProperty
Material Segment
SpecificationProperty
0..n
0..n an execution dependency on
ProcessSegment
Dependency
Corresponds to element in
Correspondsto element in
Correspondsto element in
Personnel
segment
specification
Equipment
segment
specification
Material
segment
specification
Process
segment
parameter
Process
segment
Has propertiesof
Has propertiesof
Has properties of
May be made up of
Personnel Model
Personnel
model
EquipmentModel
Equipment
model
MaterialModel
Material
model
1..11..11..1
Personnel segment
specification
property
Equipment segment
specification
property
Material segment
specification
property
Process
segment
dependency
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4.5 Personnel
4.5.1 Personnel model
The personnel model contains the information about specific personnel, classes of personnel, and qualif ications of personnel. Figure 2 is a modified copy of Figure 14 in Part 1. This corresponds to a resource model for personnel, as given in ISO 15704.
Figure 2 – Personnel model
4.5.2 Personnel class
Table 3 lists the attributes of personnel class.
Table 3 – Attributes of personnel class
Attribute
name
Description Example
ID A unique identification of a specific personnel class.
These are not necessarily job titles, but identify classes that are referenced in other parts of the model.
Widget assembly operator
Description Additional information and description about the personnel class.
“General information about widget assembly operators.”
Personnel class property
Person
property
Qualification
test
specification
Personnel class
0..n
0..n
0..n
0..n
0..n
Person
Qualification test
result
0..n
0..n1..n
< Defines a procedure for how to test
Maps to
Defined by
< Records the
testing of
Is used to test >
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4.5.7 Qualification test result
Table 8 lists the attributes of qualification test result.
Table 8 – Attributes of qualification test result
Attribute
name
Description Example
ID A unique instance identification that records the results from the execution of a test identified in a qualification test specification for a specific person. (For example, this may just be a number assigned by the testing authority.)
T5568700827
Description Additional information and description about the qualification test results.
“Results from Joe’s widget assembly qualification test for October 1999.”
Date The date and time of the qualification test. 1999-10-25 13:30
Result The result of the qualification test. For example: pass, fail Pass
Result unit of measure
The unit of measure of the associated test result, if applicable.
{Pass, fail}
Expiration The date of the expiration of the qualification. 2000-10-25 13:30
4.6 Equipment
4.6.1 Equipment model
The equipment model contains the information about specific equipment, the classes of equipment, equipment capability tests, and maintenance information associated with equipment. This corresponds to a resource model for equipment, as defined in ISO 15704:2000.
Figure 3 is a modified copy of Figure 15 in Part 1.
Figure 3 – Equipment model
Maintenance request
Maintenance work order
Maintenance response
May be generated for 0..n
1..1
1..1
1..1
Equipment class property
Equipment
property
Equipment capability test specification
Equipment class
Has
values for >
0..n
0..n
0..n
0..n
0..n
Equipment
Equipment
capability test
result
0..n
0..n1..n
Has properties
of >
Maps to
Defined by <
0..n
0..n May result in >
0..1
< May be made up of? Is against
Is made
against <
0..n
0..n
< Defines a procedure for how to test
< Records the
testing of
Is used to test >
>
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Material
4.6.11 Material model
The material model defines the actual materials, material definitions, and information about classes of material definitions. Material information includes the inventory of raw, finished, and intermediate materials. The current material information is contained in the material lot and material sublot information. Material classes are defined to organize materials. This corresponds to a resource model for material, as defined in ISO 10303.
Figure 4 is a copy of Figure 16 in IEC 62264-1. An additional association is shown between a QA test specification and a material class property.
Figure 4 – Material model
4.6.12 Material class
Table 18 lists the attributes of material class.
Table 18 – Attributes of material class
Attribute
name
Description Example
ID A unique identification of a specific material class, within the scope of the information exchanged (production capability, production schedule, production performance, etc.).
The ID shall be used in other parts of the model when the material class needs to be identified, such as the production capability for this material class, or a production response identifying the material class used.
Polymer sheet stock 1001A
Description Additional information about the material class. “Solid polymer resin”
May be made up of sublots >
0..n
0..n
0..n
Hasvalues for >
0..n
0..n
0..n
0..n
0..n
1..1
0..n1..n
Has properties
of >
Maps to
< Definedby
Made up ofMaterial sublot
Material definition Property
Material lot
property
QA test
specification
Material definition Material lot
QA test result
Material class
property
Material class
0..n
Has properties
of >
0..n
Defines a grouping >
May map to
0..n
1..n
Is associated with a
< Defines a procedure for how to test
< Records the
testing of
Is used to test >
< Defines a procedure for how to test
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4.6.2 Equipment class
Table 9 lists the attributes of equipment class.
Table 9 – Attributes of equipment class
Attribute
name
Description Example
ID A unique identification of a specific equipment class, within the scope of the information exchanged (production capability, production schedule, production performance, etc.).
The ID shall be used in other parts of the model when the equipment class needs to be identified, such as the production capability for this equipment class, or a production response identifying the equipment class used.
WJ6672892
Description Additional information about the equipment class. “Jigs used to assemble widgets.”
4.6.3 Equipment class property
Table 10 lists the attributes of equipment class property.
Table 10 – Attributes of equipment class property
Attribute
name
Description Examples
Run rate ID An identification of the specific property.
Template size
“Range of run rate for the widget machines.”
Description Additional information about the equipment class property.
“Range of template sizes for widget machines.”
{1..100} Value The value, set of values, or range of the property.
{10,20,30,40,100,200,300}
Widgets/h Value unit of measure
The unit of measure of the associated property value, if applicable.
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4.6.2 Equipment class
Table 9 lists the attributes of equipment class.
Table 9 – Attributes of equipment class
Attribute
name
Description Example
ID A unique identification of a specific equipment class, within
the scope of the information exchanged (production capability, production schedule, production performance, etc.).
The ID shall be used in other parts of the model when the equipment class needs to be identified, such as the
production capability for this equipment class, or a
production response identifying the equipment class used.
WJ6672892
Description Additional information about the equipment class. “Jigs used to assemble widgets.”
4.6.3 Equipment class property
Table 10 lists the attributes of equipment class property.
Table 10 – Attributes of equipment class property
Attribute
name
Description Examples
Run rate ID An identification of the specific property.
Template size
“Range of run rate for the widget machines.”
Description Additional information about the equipment class property.
“Range of template sizes for widget machines.”
{1..100} Value The value, set of values, or range of the property.
{10,20,30,40,100,200,300}
Widgets/h Value unit of measure
The unit of measure of the associated property value, if applicable.
cm
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