SIMON & SCHUSTER’S PIMSLEUR pashto II

pashto II

reading booklet

PIMSLEURSIMON & SCHUSTER’S

®

Graphic Design: Maia Kennedy

© and ‰ Recorded Program 2011 Simon & Schuster, Inc.

© Reading Booklet 2011 Simon & Schuster, Inc.Pimsleur® is an imprint of Simon & Schuster Audio, a division of Simon & Schuster, Inc. Mfg. in USA.

All rights reserved.

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iii

Pashto II

VoicesEnglish-Speaking Instructor ...................... Ray BrownPashto-Speaking Instructor ............. Barkat Ali KhwajaFemale Pashto Speaker ............... Bilquees Ali KhwajaMale Pashto Speaker ................................ Aman Khan

course WritersAman Khan ♦ Joan Schoellner

editorsDelaram Soltani ♦ Beverly D. Heinle

reVieWerHosai Ehsan

executiVe ProducerBeverly D. Heinle

Producer & directorSarah H. McInnis

recording engineers Peter S. Turpin ♦ Kelly Saux

Simon & Schuster Studios, Concord, MA

acknowledgments

iv

lesson oneReading lessons

Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1Alphabet Chart . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6Diacritics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Lesson One. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11Lesson Two . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13Lesson Three . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16Lesson Four . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19Lesson Five . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22Lesson Six . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 Lesson Seven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 Lesson Eight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 Lesson Nine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 Lesson Ten . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 Lesson Eleven . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40Lesson Twelve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43Lesson Thirteen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46Lesson Fourteen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49Lesson Fifteen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52Lesson Sixteen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54Lesson Seventeen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57Lesson Eighteen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60Lesson Nineteen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62Lesson Twenty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65

taBle oF contents

Pashto II

lesson 1

Pashto is an Iranian language of the Indo- European family. There are over 17 million speakers of Pashto, primarily in Afghanistan and Pakistan. In Afghanistan, it is one of the two official languages, and it is the native tongue of approximately 35% of the population. The other official language, Dari (Persian), is spoken by about 50%. Although Pashto is an official language of Afghanistan and a required subject in middle school, Dari is used primarily in business and higher education. As a result, most Pashtuns also speak Dari. However, many Dari speakers do not have a good command of Pashto.

Pashto is spoken as a regional language by about 17% of the population of Pakistan. It is spoken in the Northwest Frontier Province (Pakhtoonkhwa), in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas (FATA), and in Balochistan. It is also used in some Pakistani cities such as Karachi and Hyderabad. Pashto, however, is not an official language in Pakistan (Urdu is the offical language), and it is not taught in the schools.

Introduction

2

Pashto II

Introduction (continued)

Smaller communities of speakers can be found in Northeast Iran, Tajikistan, India, and the United Arab Emirates. The major Pashto-speaking cities are Kabul, Jalalabad, Kandahar, Peshawar, and Quetta.

Athough Pashto has many dialects, the three primary ones are:

1. Northern - as spoken in Kabul and Jalalabad (Afghanistan) and in the Northwest Frontier Province (Pakistan);

2. Southern - as spoken in Kandahar (Afganistan) and Balochistan (western Pakistan and eastern Iran);

3. Central - as spoken in Wazirstan (northern Pakistan).

These three dialects are mutually intelligible. This course teaches the northern dialect as spoken in Kabul, which will be understood throughout all Pashto-speaking regions. Pashto is also called Pakhto, Pushto, Pukhto, Pashtu, or Pushtu. The variation in spelling reflects the different pronunciations in different regions; speakers of the northern dialect say

3

Pashto II

Introduction (continued)

“Pakhto,” while speakers of the southern dialect say, “Pashto.” This demonstrates the primary difference between the southern dialect, which uses the /sh/ and /zh/ sounds, and the northern dialect, which uses the /kh/ and /gh/ sounds instead. The central dialect is more similar in pronunciation to the southern dialect; however, vocabulary differs somewhat.

Pashto uses a modified version of the Arabic alphabet, with forty-six letters (some alphabet charts will list forty-five), as opposed to twenty-eight in Arabic. The first written records of Pashto date back to the 16th century. In the 18th and again in the 20th century, the script was standardized to include additional letters representing sounds specific to Pashto. Pashto does not have capital letters, but does use an adapted form of Western punctuation. Written Pashto has the following characteristics:

4

Pashto II

Introduction (continued)

• Itisreadfromrighttoleft,exceptfornumbers,which go from left to right.

• Pashto letters are distinguished by one, two, orthree dots, (which are placed above or below the letter) or, in some cases, by the lack of dots.

• As in English handwriting, most Pashto lettersconnect to those that follow them. However, some letters, called “non-connectors,” connect only to letters that precede them.

• When lettersconnect toapreceding letter, theyoften modify their shape, undergoing a reduction when the two are joined together.

• Somelettersalsomodifytheirshapeaccordingtotheir position in a word – depending on whether they appear in initial, medial, or final position.

• In standard written Pashto, the so-called "shortvowels" --- represented by diacritical marks ---are usually omitted. The three “long vowels,” however --- often appearing in transliteration as “aa,” “oo,” and “ee” --- are separate letters and are written.

• The appearance of some letters may vary,depending on the choice of font.

5

Pashto II

Introduction (continued)

The Pashto II Readings are based on the assumption that you have already done the Readings in Pashto I and are familiar with the sounds of the Pashto alphabet. A complete listing of the Pashto alphabet and the diacritics follows. This chart is for reference only, as all the information you need to do the readings is contained on the audio.

The Readings consist of twenty lessons that will provide practice reading words, phrases, and short sentences using familiar vocabulary as well as new vocabulary regarding useful topics such as food, colors, travel, shopping, communication, and more. Remember to always read aloud, as directed. The process of saying the words out loud will reinforce your Pashto language acquisition. Translations are provided, but we recommend that you wait to read them until after you’ve read the items, sounding them out. In these reading lessons, the “short vowel” diacritics will be included for unfamiliar words.

The twenty Pashto reading lessons are recorded at the end of the program. Feel free to repeat the reading lessons as often as necessary for practice with the Pashto alphabet and the sounds the letters represent.

Pashto II

(Read from right to left.)

6

Pashto alphabet chart

Isolated End Middle Beginning Name Spelling

آ ,ا ا ا ا alef الف

ب ـب بـ ـبـ be بې

پ ـپ ـپـ پـ pe پې

ت ـت te تـ ـتـ تې

ټ ـټ � � tte

ث ـث ـثـ ثـ Se ثـې

ج ـج ـجـ جـ jeem جيم

ح � � �zeem or

Ze �يم

چ ـچ ـچـ چـ Che چـې

څ � � �seem or se or ce �يم

ح ـح ـحـ حـ he حـې

خ ـخ ـخـ خـ khe خـې

د ـد د د dal دال

ډ ـډ ډ ډ ddal ډال

alpha chart tte page 6

!"#alpha chart kheen page 7 of alphabet chart

$%

Pashto II

(Read from right to left.)

7

Pashto alphabet chart (continued)

Isolated End Middle Beginning Name Spelling

ذ ـذ ذ ذ Zaal ذال

ر ر ـر ر re رې

ړ ړ ـړ ړ rhe ړې

ز ز ـز ز zhe زی

ژ ـژ ژ ژ zze

ږ ږ ـږ ږ ge ږې

س سـ ـسـ ـس seen سین

ش شـ ـشـ ـش sheen شین

ښ � ـښ � kheen

ص صـ ـصـ ـص swat صات

ض ـضـ ـض ضـ zwat ضات

ط ـطـ ـط twe طـ طوې

ظ ـظ ـظـ ظـ zwe ظوې

ع ـع ـعـ عـ ain عين

alpha chart tte page 6

!"#alpha chart kheen page 7 of alphabet chart

$%

Pashto II

(Read from right to left.)

8

Pashto alphabet chart (continued)

Isolated End Middle Beginning Name Spelling

غ ـغ ـغـ غـ ghain غين

ف ـف ـفـ فـ fe فـې

ق ـق ـقـ قـ qaf قاف

� � ـكـ كـ kaf كاف

ګ � gaf !"#

ل ـل ـلـ لـ lam لام

م ـم ـمـ مـmeem or

miim ميم

ن ـن ـنـ نـ noon نون

ڼ � � � noorh نوڼ

ه ـه ه هـ

he or rounded

heهې

و ـو و و waw واو

ي ي ـيـ يـstrong

ye سخته یی

ی ـی ی ی ye یی

alpha chart gaf page 8

gaf beginning:

&"gaf middle

"'"alpha chart gaf page 8

gaf beginning:

&"gaf middle

"'"

Pashto II

(Read from right to left.)

9

Pashto alphabet chart (continued)

Isolated End Middle Beginning Name Spelling

ې ې ې ې soft ye پسته یی

ۍ ۍfeminine

ye

ئ ئverbal

ye ړواله یی

ۀ ۀhe-

hamzaهې حمزه

ؤ ؤ ؤ ؤ* waw-hamza واو حمزه

* the waw-hamza is not always counted as a separate letter.

alpha chart feminine ye page 9

$()*+ ,-Lesson 13 page 24

#11

.&/01

Pashto II

(Read from right to left.)

10

diacritics

Diacritic Name Spelling

zwar (above letter) زور

zer (below letter) زیر

pekh (above letter) �ښ

mad (only above initial alef) مد

hamza (only in combi-

nation with waw and he) حمزه

There is another diacritic, called zwarakay, which is rarely used in Pakhto. It is shown as a horizontal line above a consonant and makes a schwa sound.

In Pashto there is a special letter combination,لا, called lam alef la, which represents the letter lamfollowed by alef.

11

Pashto II

lesson oneLesson One

12/20/11 lh

1.!"#

2.$%&

3.$'()!"#

4.*+,-.

5./0

6.12%%&

7.*+,-3"#

8.$)4

9./5"6

10.$%& 7"8&

lesson oneLesson One

12/20/11 lh

11.19.

12.'8

13.$)4 :)&

14.;81)!"#

15.'<!"#

16.12%=!"#

17.;38)

18.$%!"#

19.>"?.

20.*+,-. %'@A

12

Pashto II

lesson one - translations

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

eight

one

three thousand

fourteen

eleven

seventeen

four

twelve

nine

twenty-five

ten

two

thirteen

five

twenty

seven

fifteen

three

six

two hundred

13

lesson one

Pashto II

Lesson Two

12/20/11 lh

1.!" #$% &' ()*% +,.

2.!" -.+/, &' $012 3(4 56467 +,.

3.8$9 1:64;< =06> ?@.

4.? =6A-B $012 3(4 (C +,.

5.!" ?.+D6*E" 8F &9G H6" I2.

6.8$9 +G+G J" !" 1' D*E" G-I%.

7.8F !" K9GD*E" G-LM2.

8.8F J" ? !6*NO*E' !" +G6P !" G.=QR I2.

9.8F ? S.TU' !" +G6P &9G V" &07.

10.!" D*E" $WXY*Z ?@.

lesson two

14

lesson one

Pashto II

14

Pashto II

Lesson Two

12/20/11 lh

11.!" ([ D6*E" J" 8F $6M\4, 164F ;]^_ &07.

12.8$9 =0G !64.++B $91:6`]a G-LM".

13.Va 16b64 $9 -=E9G +-=]cd".

14.J]\9F H6" J" 8F G(cd.0G-B H6" I2.

15.1E9 G.=Qd% ?F.

16.!" e0 f6gd0 &' J" 8F !" G.=QR I2.

17.(0 &9_ 3(4 +6=R ?@.

18.Va ? e" +G6P ?Fh

19.Va $9i97 J" ?.+&9V.0V" =jk +,.

20.16E9 8$9 K9 164F VYX" ?F.

lesson two (continued)

15

Pashto II

lesson one - translations

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

In the winter it is cold.

In the summer the weather is very hot.

I like the spring.

The fall weather is very cool.

On Monday I go to work.

My brother will come on Tuesday.

I came on Wednesday.

I will go on vacation on Thursday.

I do not work on Friday.

There’s a meeting on Saturday.

On Sunday I will meet with a friend.

My sister came yesterday afternoon.

This morning I bought a newspaper.

Tonight I will go to a restaurant.

Tomorrow is a holiday.

In a few weeks I will go on vacation.

A year is a long time.

What day is today?

The shops are open this evening.

I have an appointment tomorrow morning with someone.

lesson two - translations

16

lesson one

Pashto IILesson Three

12/20/11 lh

1.!" #$%" &'()* +,-. #'* /0123.

2.!" 045 6* -789: +; 04<8$=>.

3.?7 !@, +7/'AB 6* +,-. +; 04<8$=C.

4.!@, D7 ?7/ 0< D7 </</ EC.

5.!@, </</ F7G EH.

6.!@, ?7/ <'I" E".

7.!@, E </</ E<" @,J7@,K EC.

8.E &'L* D7 !<G 0< D7 F47/ E".

9.8M, -* !" 8'7E" #'* N3.

10.!" -* -,!0/ #'* N3.

lesson threeLesson Three

12/20/11 lh

1.!" #$%" &'()* +,-. #'* /0123.

2.!" 045 6* -789: +; 04<8$=>.

3.?7 !@, +7/'AB 6* +,-. +; 04<8$=C.

4.!@, D7 ?7/ 0< D7 </</ EC.

5.!@, </</ F7G EH.

6.!@, ?7/ <'I" E".

7.!@, E </</ E<" @,J7@,K EC.

8.E &'L* D7 !<G 0< D7 F47/ E".

9.8M, -* !" 8'7E" #'* N3.

10.!" -* -,!0/ #'* N3.

17

lesson one

Pashto II

17

lesson one

Pashto IILesson Three

12/20/11 lh

11.NO* P; !" D7 #4(* 0?$Q). 170I>.

12.D7" #4(* ?R2; ST; 0< F47/ #'*.

13.!" -* E<" E4<8U,F47A* 0?23.

14.847/ E4<8U,V ?R2; ST; #'* 0< …

15.E' 08U,AW /'AX E4<8U,V F47/ E 6,/".

16.0< @4UOYZ* E" P; D7 +Y),[ E 0\L,AYQ),K -,/" +;.

17./4<8)* -* A: !" 6* ?$M% 6,5 +; ]4<]^ ?7/>.

18.!" -* &'2)* ?R. @'2_%C 8'%" F$`V +7>.

19.!" -* &'2)* 64ab ?7/>.

20.0\L,Ac ?7'/0d ]D% S* EH.

lesson three (continued)Lesson Three

12/20/11 lh

11.NO* P; !" D7 #4(* 0?$Q). 170I>.

12.D7" #4(* ?R2; ST; 0< F47/ #'*.

13.!" -* E<" E4<8U,F47A* 0?23.

14.847/ E4<8U,V ?R2; ST; #'* 0< …

15.E' 08U,AW /'AX E4<8U,V F47/ E 6,/".

16.0< @4UOYZ* E" P; D7 +Y),[ E 0\L,AYQ),K -,/" +;.

17./4<8)* -* A: !" 6* ?$M% 6,5 +; ]4<]^ ?7/>.

18.!" -* &'2)* ?R. @'2_%C 8'%" F$`V +7>.

19.!" -* &'2)* 64ab ?7/>.

20.0\L,Ac ?7'/0d ]D% S* EH.

18

Pashto II

lesson one - translations

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

lesson one - translationslesson three - translations

I came to Kabul last week.

I live in Boston now.

But my family lives in Kabul.

I have a sister and a brother.

My brother is older.

My sister is younger.

My brother has two children.

He has one son and one daughter.

Tomorrow I will go shopping.

I will go to the bazaar ...

because I want to buy a gift.

A gift for my wife and my daughter.

I will buy two scarves.

A red scarf for my wife and ...

the blue scarf for my daughter.

And maybe a book about Afghanistan.

Later today I will eat at the Khyber Pass.

I will see my friend there.

I will eat polao there.

Afghan food is very good.

19

lesson one

Pashto IILesson Four

12/20/11 lh

1.!"#$ %&'%( )$*+,

2.-$./ 01 2 )$31 *4567&$*89 !:1 ;$<.

3.*4567&$*89 !:= >$ ?$*@ )AB 2C,

4.5$ -DE 2 2'F G6".$ 2 ?"*FH -4=:0".I.

5.JF 2 %'%( 2 ?"*F 'KL M$8NO ...

6.%'%( / '*5PQ/ 8RSH

7.T:=U / M$8 / R:V''*C / -:WXH

8.Y=&''Z/ #:[E\/ #:A2H

9.-"#71 / G&].

10.JF M$8NO TQ G"*!D^_ -"*GD` ...

lesson Four

20

lesson one

Pashto II

20

lesson one

Pashto IILesson Four

12/20/11 lh

11.!:1 aN 3b 8' #[E\ '8)cb.

12.-4=0".IH 28 *8Gd ...

13.?S / 0&$*FH

14.-"ef1 / -4=4g.

15.GDh )$&i 2C.

16.-4=4g 3^1 '\.

17.-:^jF #=F '\.

18.T"5Q R:=O 2C.

19.GDA J5jF '\.

20.28 %5= -E5k8* '&'.

lesson Four (continued)

21

Pashto II

lesson one - translationslesson one - translations

1.

2.3.4.5.

6.7.8.9.

10.11.

12.13.14.15.16.17.18.19.20.

lesson Four - translations

Would you take some food? (Literally, “You food eat?”)We will go to The Khosha Restaurant.The restaurant is open until how long?A table for two people, please.I’d like to order ... (Literally, “I want to tell for food ...”)bread / rice / eggs,chicken / beef / lamb / fish,fruit / vegetables / salad,yogurt / cheese.I’m going to Kartenow Market ...to go to buy vegetables. (I’m going to go to Kartenow Market to buy vegetables.)Please give me this …milk / sugar,salt / pepper.The cake is sweet.The pepper is green.The apple is red.The tea is hot.The banana is yellow.It was delicious.

22

lesson one

Pashto IILesson Five

12/20/11 lh

1.!" #$ %&$' ($)*#+ ,&- .&/001 2&/3.

2.45*4$ 6 ($)*#+ %78/9- 6:;

3.!(* ($)*#+ 0<= >&$: 6:.

4.!" #$ ?@A@B$C D&$&E F$GH3.

5.!(* ($)*#+ I&/GJ 6:.

6.45*4$ 6 D$< 9- %78/ 6:;

7.!" IK+ ($)*#+ L*<M D$E F$GH3.

8.6 G0G! (@+

9.,*4$ (@NOP Q/#R$6";

10.,*4$ 4&/" D7K@$?/ >5-;

lesson Five

23

lesson one

Pashto II

23

lesson one

Pashto IILesson Five

12/20/11 lh

11.!" IK+ 2@S ?*T D&UOVW D$E F$GH3.

12.GO%X/%OW I&/GJ 6:.

13.!" GO%X/%OW ,&- 9&UY- ZH >[;

14.45*4$ GO#7@+ 9- 6:;

15.!" IK+ GO#7@+ D&5+ F$GH3.

16.!(* GO#7@+ D\ (@NOP <GFA] 6:.

17.!" #$ GO#7@+ 2@^E F$GH3.

18.0O#_ 4*`W/ GC Za

19.6 GO%X/%OW D@B] L@/,- 6";

20.Q- (b- ($ c&-. Gd& Q- G(*C.

lesson Five (continued)

24

Pashto II

lesson one - translationslesson one - translations

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

lesson Five - translations

I have need of a new cell phone.

What is your cell phone number?

I lost my cell phone.

I want to make a phone call.

My cell phone is not working.

What is your home phone number?

I need to charge my cell phone.

voice mail

Did you leave a message?

Do you have a computer?

I want to connect my laptop.

The internet is not working.

How do I get on the internet?

Do you have email?

I want to check my email.

An email message has come.

I want to send an email.

website / online

Where is an internet cafe?

Have a good one. Goodbye.

25

lesson one

Pashto IILesson Six

12/20/11 lh

1.!"# "$%& '($) *+.

2."$,- ./#*0 '12 ,3 4($5.

3.%6789 / :;< / %&=>

4.%6789 :3 ?/&'3 ./@A 49B

5.!0 :3 :#!A) ';3 '1C D$AEF.

6.G6&A=3 H$"&0 *0B

7.:;< :3 G;13 I9B

8..3 ";J3 "$ !"#!

9.* K$43 )=8L($)AM ?/&'3 *+B

10.N9 O;&;P ';3 '#Q 4R.

lesson six

26

lesson one

Pashto II

26

lesson one

Pashto IILesson Six

12/20/11 lh

11.S/@0 TE 4R A5 ...

12.U;V3 SW/> 'XY/&...

13.S;&0 Z< O;&;P ';3 '#Q 4R.

14.!0 .6[$) ';3 .3 \6]#! G^ I_.

15.U;$A=9 `;Z& ?/&'3 *+B

16.SL#S$ abcd .3 H3 5;Ke *+B

17.abcd ,#5;KL3 4$.

18.!0 A6=& .$)f ';3 '1C D$AEF ...

19.*)g S;#hL3 "J7^.

20."# S;&0 *50 S($f G/83 *i.

lesson six (continued)

27

Pashto II

lesson one - translations

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

lesson one - translationslesson six - translations

My car is black.

We cannot go on foot.

taxi / bus / train

Where can I find a taxi?

I want to go to the bazaar.

How much is the fare?

When will the bus leave?

Have a safe trip!

Where is the Khosha Restaurant?

Turn to the right.

Go straight ahead and ...

at the white building ...

turn to the left.

I am going to Peshawar by plane.

Where is the airport?

At what time is your flight?

The flight is late.

I want to go to the airport ...

three hours early.

I have two suitcases.

28

lesson one

Pashto IILesson Seven

12/20/11 lh

1.!"#$ %& '()& *+,

2.!"#$ %& -& *+.

3../ 0123 -4156& *789 :3.

4.."87 ;<8=>?+.

5.@#A4B C>/ :D.

6.0123 E82!F :3.

7.0123 GHIJF :3.

8.K3 %& L!M" N8& O$.

9.K!4 : @H*P+ !"#$ G"Q :D.

10../ %& %47@B R>?D.

lesson seven

29

lesson one

Pashto II

29

lesson one

Pashto IILesson Seven

12/20/11 lh

11../ *71S :3.

12.K3 %& !>"K1$ N8& O$.

13.K3 T862U N8& V82H**7W X82Y.

14.K!".? ;& R8ZF R[ 0123 1\(F *+.

15.K3 %& %4] N8& O$.

16../ *@*73 @H*C"3.

17../ 0123 8"@ @* 1\(F :3.

18.K3 1" E2Y R"_ N8& V82H**7W X82Y` ...

19.%H"a4B` 1" a";b` @* :#64.b.

20../ #M4 0123 1\(F :3.

lesson seven (continued)

30

Pashto II

lesson one - translationslesson one - translations

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

lesson seven - translations

How will the weather be?

The weather will be nice.

It’s a beautiful day today.

The sun is shining.

The sky is blue. (Can also be used to say, “It is not raining.”)

It’s very hot.

It’s very humid.

I will go swimming.

I like the summer weather.

Today it will rain.

Today is cloudy.

I will go to the museum.

I need an umbrella.

It’s very cold in our village.

I will go to the park.

Today it snowed.

It’s very windy and cold.

I need a warm coat, ...

boots, a hat, and gloves.

These days it’s very cold.

31

lesson one

Pashto IILesson Eight

12/20/11 lh

1.!"#!$ %&$' () *+,

2.-.# %&$' /.#0 *+.

3.1#!$ * 2$' 3#4 56,

4.-.# .$7 /8 9:7 9) 2#;< 2= /&8!>?@.

5.-.$%? 5$ -84 /8 A&$7 *B.

6.!"#!$ 8787 C>D1E) 2#7 2$@,

7.-.# 8787 9) 7&8F"&$0 2= 2#7 2E$@.

8.-.# G$7 9) 9HI$7 2= /&8!>?@.

9.-.# *1D&87 -84 J/2KD *+.

10.-.# 1DB /8 -.# 1D&87...

lesson eight

32

lesson one

Pashto II

32

lesson one

Pashto IILesson Eight

12/20/11 lh

11.;) 7/1L&$%M= NEO") 9) CEMED 7/3P.

12.-.# 87/7B 9) /.D5M# 2= !EQR 8/5P.

13.-.# G$7-B 9) 2$7 2= /&8!>?@.

14.-.# G$/S= /8 ...

15.-.# !TED 9) U:V /;#* 2= /&8!>?@.

16.-.# /8SW 9) 2#AHX 2= 2#7 2$@.

17.-.# S>YP -.# * SZ= %) 2[DB *B.

18.-.# G#\%] 9) 2#7 *+.

19.-.# %>M) /8 %>#B ...

20.-.# .$7 9:7 !EDB /&8!>?@.

lesson eight (continued)

33

Pashto II

lesson one - translations

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

lesson one - translationslesson eight - translations

What is your name?

My name is Aman.

Where do you come from?

My mother and father live in Kabul.

We have a son and daughter.

Where does your brother work?

My brother works at the hospital.

My sister lives in Peshawar.

My uncle’s son is a doctor.

My uncle and my aunt ...

will visit next week.

My nephew studies in America.

My niece lives at home.

My mother-in-law and ...

my father-in-law live in Jalalabad.

My brother-in-law works at the college.

My sister-in-law is younger than my wife.

My husband is at work.

My grandmother and grandfather ...

live with my parents.

34

lesson one

Pashto IILesson Nine

12/20/11 lh

1.!"#$%&"'&( )*+ ,' -'./ 012 !3!

2.!"#$%&"'&( 4( -( &*5( 4*67 0189:3 ...

3.;# ! <%=%> -( ?@*: 4*67 4( 4ABC:3.

4.$D( $D( !"#$%&"'&( ! E*+<7 F#FG )*( 4*ABC:3.

5.HI J*5+ -( ?@*: 4*67 -%J9:>.

6.HI ! ?@7 -( K*L 4*67 0'M )*( NO.

7.HI ! J*5+ &*5( 4*6' &*( )*+ <%=%> ...

8.-9AP( 4*6' -'./ $%. $'>.

9.HI !#K*L 4*67 ! E*+<7 F"#FG 0'.*>.

10.)%J' <QD"'<%R K*+S" ,( #*0T !U!

lesson nine

35

lesson one

Pashto II

35

lesson one

Pashto IILesson Nine

12/20/11 lh

11.;"##I &9V7 4*67 !3.

12.<9'HCO 4( -( CWK*L 4*67 0189:3.

13.&'*. 4( -( ;)( 4*67 -+C'H3.

14.&'*. 4( J*5+ -( -9AP( 4*67 .;096X.

15.H<% ! K9B# ! -%.I &YZ( !I ...

16.F;$Z+ J*+I -( -%[ $O !#I 4*67.

17.<9ZYA\ ,( #*0T !U!

18.! ?@: 4*6' &( )*+ ;)( 4*6'.

19.)%J' E';]G ^7 ! <%=%> F#FG -( ?@: 4*67

;"#0'."#!

lesson nine (continued)

Lesson Nine

12/20/11 lh

20.&*(" -( ;"##I 4*67 4( ,A_( #3!

36

Pashto II

lesson one - translationslesson nine - translations

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

The shops are open until how long?

The shops will open at nine o’clock ...

and close at six o’clock in the evening.

Sometimes they close for lunch.

I wake up at six o’clock in the morning.

I go to sleep at ten o’clock at night.

I from morning nine until evening ...

five o’clock work. (I work from nine in the morning until five o’clock in the evening.)

I have lunch at twelve o’clock.

Do you know what time it is?

It’s half past seven o’clock.

The museum will open at eleven o’clock.

Sunset is at half past eight o’clock.

Sunrise is at half past five o’clock in morning.

I have an appointment to see ...

the doctor at quarter past two o’clock.

What time is the meeting?

From six o’clock until eight o’clock.

Do you want to have dinner at six o’clock?

No, how about seven o’clock?

37

Pashto IILesson Ten

12/20/11

1.!"#

2.$%&'(

3.$)*

4.+,-./

5.0 !1'23 $456

6.7,8%496

7.:",;(

8.<)&=

9.0)->?@A

10.$)B$(

lesson ten

38

lesson one

Pashto II

38

lesson one

Pashto IILesson Ten

12/20/11

11.C%DE F,96

12.8)G)&

13.0)9)H6

14.I)J6 $4- 0KL

15.M4!&A F)NO 0);26 ?%>'"PQL

16.!R&)8,9S T$(U $"HV.

17.@!49P MN4- 7,8%4>96 :W,- 0Q.

18.9J)&K :6 +,-XS $3 0K.

19.!R&8,9S T$VU 0)->?@A 8)HYR $V.

20.!R&8,9S T$VU $B)$( 8)HY $V.

lesson ten (continued)

39

Pashto II

lesson one - translations

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

lesson ten - translations

table

chairs

bed

kitchen

bedroom

plates

cup

floor

door

window

bathroom

outside

inside

Is he at home?

How many people live here?

Please do, sit.

We need four plates.

The stove is in the kitchen.

Please do, close the door.

Please do, close the window.

40

Pashto IILesson Eleven

12/20/11

1.!"#$

2.%&'()

3.*+,(- . %&'() "/0 !"#$ .1.

4.)2334,0

5.5/60 . *() "0 )2334,0 ...

6.73278 %23&9/:;.

7.</=>?

8.5/60 4>29@ A/0 . A/B "0 ...

9.</=>? "(C,0 %23&9/:;.

10.D/EFG

lesson eleven

41

lesson one

Pashto II

41

Pashto IILesson Eleven

12/20/11

11.5/60 H0 *29I0 *? D/EJK.

12../3)%L

13.5/60 . <MN+OB .3)%L *? P($ I>K.

14.C(A/0

15.5/QR . *9) C(A0 .1.

16..% H0 H2S,9 *? .1.

17.</=(</T

18.U("R A/0 <=(<T

19.H0 !)

20.H0 !) 7VE FV(W XEVY+R %23.

lesson eleven (continued)

42

Pashto II

lesson one - translations

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

lesson eleven - translations

under

newspaper

The book is under the newspaper.

after

He after work ...

ate. (He ate after work.)

before

He school ...

before ate breakfast. (He ate breakfast before school.)

walks down

He walks down the street.

during

He drinks tea during the meeting.

behind

The boy is behind the house.

This is in Pashto.

front

in front of (the) bank

on the way

On the way there was a lot of traffic.

43

Pashto IILesson Twelve

12/20/11

1.!"#$% $ &'(% )* ...

2.+'(,-. /-01* $23

3.+'(,456#7* 89*

4.&* ,':; ,< =>0 )* )* +'(,456#7* 89*.

5.)* /'>< :* /"01* ?@3

6.1'!# ,#AB>#B/'>< CDE3

7.F% :'FG( ,< C* GH-I9JK 8L3

8.1"M0>N'"O P"0 C* ...

9.QR 8"0ST

10.:"UVU6#?7*T

lesson twelve

44

lesson one

Pashto II

44

Pashto IILesson Twelve

12/20/11

11.G? $6?!W'X6#7*.

12.1'!# 7"#@ G? F"GY% ...

13.,V9':6#7* P"L GH-I9K 8E.

14.F% C* ("7Z H#"(G[ GH-I9K 8"L3

15.&* )* +#!"L ,< 1'!# GH-I9K 8E ...

16.+'X5<T ,-J<T

17.G+#67*T

18.H"0:6#F\T G7]6#(T

19.^'F"(\T GX6#^'OT

20.:'$("7ZT G? 7#( =>0 P"0 C*.

lesson twelve (continued)

45

Pashto II

lesson one - translations

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

lesson twelve - translations

Where is a good market ...

for shopping?

excellent markets

There are many very excellent markets in Kabul.

What is the best tea I can buy?

What kind of tea do you drink?

What can I buy at the bazaar?

Almost everything ...

t-shirts,

sweaters,

and scarves.

You new and old ...

books also can buy. (You can also buy new and old books.)

What kind of food can I buy?

In the right season you can buy ...

oranges, bananas,

mangoes,

canteloupe, grapes,

carrots, potatoes,

cucumbers, and more.

46

Pashto IILesson Thirteen

12/20/11

1.!" #$ %&'() $*+,'- ./$01.

2.#$ 23 4+56 789:;

3.#$ #<" =8/" $>?(@A 4+56 789:.

4.B3 CD<B/ %E #$ 23 4+56 789:;

5.F/ =- $< B8GH/I.

6.#$ JF9K !F(LE #:.

7.F/ =- $< #F9M $>?(@A N3 2GO3 <:;

8.@83P B3 #K @3 %+Q:.

9.#$ JF9 R3 %&'() #S.

10. B3 #K %E #<" =8/" <8C84E #:.

lesson thirteen

47

lesson one

Pashto II

47

Pashto IILesson Thirteen

12/20/11

11.T&9N(@U V%WP T( L83 #<" =8/" $>?(@A C$%W.

12.F/ =- $< BGH/I N3 2GO3 <:;

13.*/ B3 #K %&'() %E JF9...

14.XY,D/@3 #:.

15.T( L83 F/ =- $< $<F(" $>?(@A C$%W.

16.TD5Y&G3 #" ZE !" K $D<[/C81 ...

17.N- #D<%(\ %E.

18.N8] N+( T( L3 C$%W ...

19.F/ =- $< ^_+'3 $>?(@A.

20.!8" R3 #"P #$ <$*`W F/ =- $< ^_+'3 $>?(@A.

lesson thirteen (continued)Lesson Thirteen

12/20/11

11.T&9N(@U V%WP T( L83 #<" =8/" $>?(@A C$%W.

12.F/ =- $< BGH/I N3 2GO3 <:;

13.*/ B3 #K %&'() %E JF9...

14.XY,D/@3 #:.

15.T( L83 F/ =- $< $<F(" $>?(@A C$%W.

16.TD5Y&G3 #" ZE !" K $D<[/C81 ...

17.N- #D<%(\ %E.

18.N8] N+( T( L3 C$%W ...

19.F/ =- $< ^_+'3 $>?(@A.

20.!8" R3 #"P #$ <$*`W F/ =- $< ^_+'3 $>?(@A.

Lesson Thirteen

12/20/11

11.T&9N(@U V%WP T( L83 #<" =8/" $>?(@A C$%W.

12.F/ =- $< BGH/I N3 2GO3 <:;

13.*/ B3 #K %&'() %E JF9...

14.XY,D/@3 #:.

15.T( L83 F/ =- $< $<F(" $>?(@A C$%W.

16.TD5Y&G3 #" ZE !" K $D<[/C81 ...

17.N- #D<%(\ %E.

18.N8] N+( T( L3 C$%W ...

19.F/ =- $< ^_+'3 $>?(@A.

20.!8" R3 #"P #$ <$*`W F/ =- $< ^_+'3 $>?(@A.

48

Pashto II

lesson one - translations

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

lesson thirteen - translations

I want to buy this book.

What price does this have?

This has a price of two hundred afghanis.

In rupees what price does this have?

One hundred and fifty.

That’s too much.

How about one hundred and thirty afghanis?

No, at this cannot be gotten.

This is a good book.

It has two hundred pages.

Please do give me two hundred afghanis.

How about one hundred and fifty?

But in the book many ...

pictures are. (But in the book are many pictures.)

Give me one hundred and seventy afghanis.

Maybe I will look ...

in another shop.

Then in that case, give me ...

One hundred and sixty afghanis.

All right, here are one hundred sixty afghanis.

49

Pashto IILesson Fourteen

12/20/11

1.!"#$

2.%& !"#$ '()*+ $,(-./ 012

3.%& 3$45) 6")& 7(89 :;$<=.

4.%>? @A5+ 4B 3C) !"D! !E.

5.6") !"D!

6.>")# 4B 6;"%E

7.! :?@F;G; !"D!

8.*H+

9.C"IJK

10.%F4?=

lesson Fourteen

50

lesson one

Pashto II

50

Pashto IILesson Fourteen

12/20/11

11.6"? $,(-.; 4B *"LM(N

12.@A5+ 4B !"D!

13.%& D$O)C;"*"1

14.%& %",PK 0;=

15.DF#:.F;Q

16.'"RPB

17.*?6; %>? '"RPB 6?%#7/ 0S2

18.GTU!V DF#:.F;Q '")*+ !E2

19.$T>H;7TJW *"+ X(M(Y;Q Z4S[ >T)\?GK!

20.,"Y+ 4(]^ >+[ %& $F_ @+ C1.

lesson Fourteen (continued)

51

Pashto II

lesson one - translations

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

lesson Fourteen - translations

medicine

Where can I buy medicine?

I want to see a doctor.

I have a very bad stomachache.

headache

sore throat

toothache

fever

cold

cough

trouble breathing

pain in my chest

I fell

I hurt

hospital

glasses

Can you repair my glasses?

Where is the nearest hospital?

Call an ambulance, please!

Don’t worry, I feel fine now.

52

Pashto IILesson Fifteen

12/20/11 lh

1.!"#

2.$%&'((

3.)*+

4.,-

5../0+

6.(1234+

7.!4"#.5

8.6/&7

9.8/"9'((:+

10.;"#<

lesson FifteenLesson Fifteen

12/20/11 lh

11.((.+

12.=" )*5 .'/0+

13.&":>'/(?

14.6'/(:@7

15.;"A(":@

16.$'/2% BC

17.D"E F"/"C

18.;1GH'/!"/"C

19.I(J2@"C Lesson Fifteen

12/20/11 lh

20.F"4"K

53

Pashto II

lesson one - translations

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

lesson Fifteen - translations

head

arm

leg (can also mean foot)

hand

finger

hair

eyes

nose

ears

neck

shoulder

toe

knee

heel

wrist

to smell

to touch

to feel

to hear

to see

54

Pashto IILesson Sixteen

12/20/11 lh

1.!"#$%

2.&"'( )*$+ !"#$% ,-.)/0.

3.1"234.56

4.7" &"'( 1"234.56 ,)#89: ;"9<0 7=.

5.>8?@

6.7" &"'( >8?@ A8BC/( 7D.

7.)EFGH

8.)EFGH 7 I"2?"F@ >.J 7D.

9.1"<K"L

10.7" &"'( 1"<KL 1( )"2 7M.

lesson sixteen

55

lesson one

Pashto II

55

Pashto IILesson Sixteen

12/20/11 lh

11.N4.1"O"(

12.?E2"P89: Q!RS N4.1"O( 1( )"2 !R.

13.!.T

14.U@ !"V( B"WF: 5DS 9. XM !.T ,"U.Y.

15.5")Z[

16.X"\: &"VZ8] 5")ZO.59( ,U".D.

17.P"E

18.P"E 5,-.9_M.

19.3$V`/ P$a

20.P$a 3"( b"2455;"c 7=.

lesson sixteen (continued)

56

Pashto II

lesson one - translations

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

lesson sixteen - translations

shirt

He wore a white shirt.

pants

His pants are blue.

dress

Her dress is pretty.

sandal

The sandal is of leather.

turban

He wears a turban.

shawl

Please do, wear the shawl.

coat

When it’s cold, I wear a coat.

waistcoat

The youngsters wear waistcoats.

sweater

Wear a sweater.

bag

I need a bag.

57

Pashto IILesson Seventeen

12/20/11

1.!"#$%& '" (")

2.*+,+-

3.."/0"$12 / (34

4./567"8

5./$/*9:";

6.." $"<#"=# >"?@")

7.A9B/ $<#"="CD

8.$E*FEG@+<9D

9.="H?9I/ JEK+L"8

10.MEC"4

lesson seventeen

58

lesson one

Pashto II

58

Pashto IILesson Seventeen

12/20/11

11.*34

12.N9O $E-

13.>+0"6FD P9:";

14.A9B ="D 6"F"Q

15.,"R75#; ,S+T

16..$6EU&

17.VW $X5U5UY

18.M"),9Z"Q

19.P9Z["Q \E#]

20.,ER75#;

lesson seventeen (continued)

59

Pashto II

lesson one - translations

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

lesson seventeen - translations

airport

luggage

gate

departure

arrival

flight number

airline

counter

security

ticket

seat

check-in

to be delayed

boarding

duty-free

domestic

international

terminal

cancelled

customs

60

Pashto II

lesson oneLesson Eighteen

12/20/11 lh

1.!" #$%&'() !"#$% &

2.#*+,-./ / 0,*+-./

3.12345 6&'7

4.8 9:;23<3 =->

5.?:=234@

6.6$AB

7.C$D$EF

8.G.HG

9.I:D+234

10.#,<A&',+A,J

lesson eighteenLesson Eighteen

12/20/11 lh

11.K3L3@

12.D$-M$N

13.K:9O

14.P$Q$N

15.8 63*7 K:G0244<"

16.*A&R+32<"

17.8 6&'3 G#4.'(3 D$S&/

18.T2U"

19.63*V %:<"

20.D2':W- %:<"

Lesson Eighteen

12/20/11 lh

11.K3L3@

12.D$-M$N

13.K:9O

14.P$Q$N

15.8 63*7 K:G0244<"

16.*A&R+32<"

17.8 6&'3 G#4.'(3 D$S&/

18.T2U"

19.63*V %:<"

20.D2':W- %:<"

Lesson Eighteen

12/20/11 lh

11.K3L3@

12.D$-M$N

13.K:9O

14.P$Q$N

15.8 63*7 K:G0244<"

16.*A&R+32<"

17.8 6&'3 G#4.'(3 D$S&/

18.T2U"

19.63*V %:<"

20.D2':W- %:<"

Lesson Eighteen

12/20/11 lh

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61

Pashto II

lesson one - translations

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

lesson eighteen - translations

What do you want to buy?

aspirin

toothpaste

toothbrush

soap

bandages

comb

razor

shampoo

antiseptic

cologne

ointment

paper

pen

post card

stamps

ATM

gift / souvenir

post office

station

62

Pashto IILesson Nineteen

12/20/11

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lesson nineteen

63

lesson one

Pashto II

63

lesson one

Pashto IILesson Nineteen

12/20/11

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lesson nineteen (continued)

64

Pashto II

lesson one - translations

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

lesson nineteen - translations

I am a student.

I go to college.

I study English (the subject) ...

chemistry

biology

history

languages

music

English (the language)

There are many students in my college.

Friday is a holiday.

We read many books.

We recite poetry.

Sometimes I ride a bicycle.

After school, I have to go to the post office.

Maybe one day ...

I will become be a teacher.

I will work at a bank,

in an office,

for the government.

65

Pashto IILesson Twenty

12/20/11

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lesson twenty

66

lesson one

Pashto II

66

lesson one

Pashto IILesson Twenty

12/20/11

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lesson twenty (continued)

67

Pashto II

lesson one - translations

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

15.

16.

17.

18.

19.

20.

lesson twenty - translations

How’s your family?

prosperous

healthy

May you be prosperous and healthy.

Happy New Year!

hospitality

Thanks for your hospitality.

I want to invite you for eating.

congratulations

wedding

Congratulations on your wedding!

Thank you for attending.

May you both have a prosperous life!

A gift for both of you!

mosque

Can I enter the mosque?

Now how is your mood?

Now I am fine, thanks.

Do you have any service for me? (respectful way to offer help or show concern)

No, thanks brother! May you be prosperous.

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