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8/22/2019 SFPE Performance Design Case Study
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Illustration of the SFPEIllustration of the SFPE
PerformancePerformance
--Based DesignBased Design
GuideGuide-- A Case StudyA Case Study
Scott Laramee / Eric RosenbaumScott Laramee / Eric RosenbaumNFPA World Fire Safety CongressNFPA World Fire Safety Congress
May 2003May 2003
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AgendaAgenda
Overview of performanceOverview of performance--basedbaseddesigndesign
Outline SFPE guide and processOutline SFPE guide and process Review application to projectReview application to project
QuestionsQuestions
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Why Use PerformanceWhy Use Performance
Based Approach?Based Approach?
Engineering tools and methods areEngineering tools and methods aremore available & accepted by moremore available & accepted by more
jurisdictionsjurisdictions
Examples of accepted tools/methods:Examples of accepted tools/methods:
Empirical calculationsEmpirical calculations
Zone modelsZone models
CFD field modelsCFD field models
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Why Use PerformanceWhy Use Performance
Based Approach?Based Approach?
Provides structured means of designProvides structured means of designalternatives to prescriptive codealternatives to prescriptive code
requirementsrequirements
Allows for consideration of fire risks andAllows for consideration of fire risks and
benefits of different fire protectionbenefits of different fire protection
strategiesstrategies
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Advantages of PerformanceAdvantages of Performance
Based ApproachBased Approach
Offers greater design flexibilityOffers greater design flexibility SometimesSometimes more cost effectivemore cost effective
(e.g., large complex buildings)(e.g., large complex buildings) Provides an environment whichProvides an environment which
encourages new ideasencourages new ideas(i.e., encourages(i.e., encourages engineeringengineering))
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Performance BasedPerformance Based
Code Provisions in USCode Provisions in US
In 1997 (Time of Design)In 1997 (Time of Design) CaseCase--byby--case basis requiring approvalcase basis requiring approval
of Boards in Philadelphiaof Boards in Philadelphia
Alternative design methodsAlternative design methods
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Performance BasedPerformance Based
Code Provisions in USCode Provisions in US
Now (2003)Now (2003) NFPA 5000 and NFPA 101 (Life SafetyNFPA 5000 and NFPA 101 (Life Safety
Code)Code)
Other NFPA CodesOther NFPA Codes
ICC Performance CodeICC Performance Code
SFPE Engineering Guide toSFPE Engineering Guide toPerformancePerformance--Based Fire ProtectionBased Fire Protection
Analysis and Design of BuildingsAnalysis and Design of Buildings
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Performance BasedPerformance Based
Approach UsedApproach Used
Design preDesign pre--datesdatesreleaserelease
Similar approachSimilar approach
usedused
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Performance Based Approach UsedPerformance Based Approach UsedSFPE PBD Guide:SFPE PBD Guide:
OutlinesOutlinesprocessprocess Provides guidanceProvides guidance
for engineersfor engineers andand
AHJAHJ IdentifiesIdentifies
parameters toparameters to
consideredconsidered Provides possibleProvides possible
referencesreferences
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PBD ProcessPBD ProcessDefining Project Scope
Identifying Goals
Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Developing Design Fire
Developing Trial Design(s)
Evaluating Trial Design(s)
Select Final Design
Selected Design
Meets PerformanceCriteria
Performance
Based Design
Report
(Chapter 12)
Design Brief
Specifications, Drawings,
and Operations and
Maintenance ManualPrepare Design Documentation
No
Yes
Modify Designor Objectives
Defining Project Scope
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PBD ProcessPBD Process
Identifying Goals
Defining Project Scope
Identifying Goals
Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Developing Design Fire
Developing Trial Design(s)
Evaluating Trial Design(s)
Select Final Design
Selected DesignMeets Performance
Criteria
Performance
Based Design
Report
(Chapter 12)
Design Brief
Specifications, Drawings,
and Operations and
Maintenance ManualPrepare Design Documentation
No
Yes
Modify Designor Objectives
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PBD ProcessPBD Process
Defining Objectives
Defining Project Scope
Identifying Goals
Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Developing Design Fire
Developing Trial Design(s)
Evaluating Trial Design(s)
Select Final Design
Selected DesignMeets Performance
Criteria
Performance
Based Design
Report
(Chapter 12)
Design Brief
Specifications, Drawings,
and Operations and
Maintenance ManualPrepare Design Documentation
No
Yes
Modify Designor Objectives
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PBD ProcessPBD Process
Developing Performance
Criteria
Defining Project Scope
Identifying Goals
Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Developing Design Fire
Developing Trial Design(s)
Evaluating Trial Design(s)
Select Final Design
Selected DesignMeets Performance
Criteria
Performance
Based Design
Report
(Chapter 12)
Design Brief
Specifications, Drawings,
and Operations and
Maintenance ManualPrepare Design Documentation
No
Yes
Modify Designor Objectives
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PBD ProcessPBD Process
Developing Design Fire
Scenarios
Defining Project Scope
Identifying Goals
Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Developing Design Fire
Developing Trial Design(s)
Evaluating Trial Design(s)
Select Final Design
Selected DesignMeets Performance
Criteria
Performance
Based Design
Report
(Chapter 12)
Design Brief
Specifications, Drawings,
and Operations and
Maintenance ManualPrepare Design Documentation
No
Yes
Modify Designor Objectives
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PBD ProcessPBD Process
Developing Trial Designs
Defining Project Scope
Identifying Goals
Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Developing Design Fire
Developing Trial Design(s)
Evaluating Trial Design(s)
Select Final Design
Selected DesignMeets Performance
Criteria
Performance
Based Design
Report
(Chapter 12)
Design Brief
Specifications, Drawings,
and Operations and
Maintenance ManualPrepare Design Documentation
No
Yes
Modify Designor Objectives
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PBD ProcessPBD Process
Fire Protection
Engineering
Design Brief
Defining Project Scope
Identifying Goals
Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Developing Design Fire
Developing Trial Design(s)
Evaluating Trial Design(s)
Select Final Design
Selected DesignMeets Performance
Criteria
Performance
Based Design
Report
(Chapter 12)
Design Brief
Specifications, Drawings,
and Operations and
Maintenance ManualPrepare Design Documentation
No
Yes
Modify Designor Objectives
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PBD ProcessPBD Process
Evaluating Trial Designs
Defining Project Scope
Identifying Goals
Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Developing Design Fire
Developing Trial Design(s)
Evaluating Trial Design(s)
Select Final Design
Selected DesignMeets Performance
Criteria
Performance
Based Design
Report
(Chapter 12)
Design Brief
Specifications, Drawings,
and Operations and
Maintenance ManualPrepare Design Documentation
No
Yes
Modify Designor Objectives
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PBD ProcessPBD Process
Selected Design
Meets Performance
Criteria?
Defining Project Scope
Identifying Goals
Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Developing Design Fire
Developing Trial Design(s)
Evaluating Trial Design(s)
Select Final Design
Selected DesignMeets Performance
Criteria
Performance
Based Design
Report
(Chapter 12)
Design Brief
Specifications, Drawings,
and Operations and
Maintenance ManualPrepare Design Documentation
No
Yes
Modify Designor Objectives
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PBD ProcessPBD Process
Modify Designor Objectives
Defining Project Scope
Identifying Goals
Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Developing Design Fire
Developing Trial Design(s)
Evaluating Trial Design(s)
Select Final Design
Selected DesignMeets Performance
Criteria
Performance
Based Design
Report
(Chapter 12)
Design Brief
Specifications, Drawings,
and Operations and
Maintenance ManualPrepare Design Documentation
No
Yes
Modify Designor Objectives
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PBD ProcessPBD Process
Select the Final Design
Defining Project Scope
Identifying Goals
Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Developing Design Fire
Developing Trial Design(s)
Evaluating Trial Design(s)
Select Final Design
Selected DesignMeets Performance
Criteria
Performance
Based Design
Report
(Chapter 12)
Design Brief
Specifications, Drawings,
and Operations and
Maintenance ManualPrepare Design Documentation
No
Yes
Modify Designor Objectives
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PBD ProcessPBD Process
Performance-Based
Design Report
Defining Project Scope
Identifying Goals
Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Developing Design Fire
Developing Trial Design(s)
Evaluating Trial Design(s)
Select Final Design
Selected DesignMeets Performance
Criteria
Performance
Based Design
Report
(Chapter 12)
Design Brief
Specifications, Drawings,
and Operations and
Maintenance ManualPrepare Design Documentation
No
Yes
Modify Designor Objectives
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PBD ProcessPBD Process
Prepare DesignDocumentation
Defining Project Scope
Identifying Goals
Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Developing Design Fire
Developing Trial Design(s)
Evaluating Trial Design(s)
Select Final Design
Selected DesignMeets Performance
Criteria
Performance
Based Design
Report
(Chapter 12)
Design Brief
Specifications, Drawings,
and Operations and
Maintenance ManualPrepare Design Documentation
No
Yes
Modify Designor Objectives
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PBD ProcessPBD Process
Specifications, Drawings,
and operations and
Maintenance Manual
Defining Project Scope
Identifying Goals
Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Developing Design Fire
Developing Trial Design(s)
Evaluating Trial Design(s)
Select Final Design
Selected DesignMeets Performance
Criteria
Performance
Based Design
Report
(Chapter 12)
Design Brief
Specifications, Drawings,
and Operations and
Maintenance ManualPrepare Design Documentation
No
Yes
Modify Designor Objectives
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PBD ProcessPBD Process
Defining Project Scope
Identifying Goals
Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Developing Design Fire
Developing Trial Design(s)
Evaluating Trial Design(s)
Select Final Design
Selected DesignMeets Performance
Criteria
Performance
Based Design
Report
(Chapter 12)
Design Brief
Specifications, Drawings,
and Operations and
Maintenance ManualPrepare Design Documentation
No
Yes
Modify Designor Objectives
Defining Project Scope
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Project ScopeProject Scope
Identify stakeholders and roleIdentify stakeholders and role Consider project attributesConsider project attributes
Boundaries of the PBD portion of theBoundaries of the PBD portion of the
designdesign
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StakeholdersStakeholders
Department of Licenses andInspections
Fire DepartmentBuilding owners and management
InsuranceDesigners; Architect and Engineers
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Project AttributesProject Attributes
BuildingBuilding
characteristicscharacteristics
OccupantOccupant
characteristics
Cultural/social valueCultural/social value
ApplicableApplicable
regulationsregulations
characteristics
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Overview of Building DesignOverview of Building Design
Kimmel Center for the Performing ArtsKimmel Center for the Performing Arts Large performing arts center (assembly)Large performing arts center (assembly)
Areas of two city blocksAreas of two city blocks
Atrium space with two inner buildingsAtrium space with two inner buildings
2,500 person concert hall2,500 person concert hall
700 person stage theater700 person stage theater
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Overview of Building DesignOverview of Building Design
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Overview of Building DesignOverview of Building Design
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Overview of Building DesignOverview of Building Design
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Overview of Building DesignOverview of Building Design
Key Prescriptive Code ProvisionsKey Prescriptive Code Provisions HighHigh--rise buildingrise building
Modified Type 2A construction buildingModified Type 2A construction building
Automatic sprinklers required in allAutomatic sprinklers required in all
areasareas
Smoke control required for atriumSmoke control required for atrium
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Reasons for SeekingReasons for Seeking
Performance AlternativesPerformance Alternatives
Intent of code provisions met throughIntent of code provisions met throughalternative meansalternative means
Unique, architecturally significant atriumUnique, architecturally significant atrium
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Overview of Building DesignOverview of Building Design
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Atrium Smoke Control IssuesAtrium Smoke Control Issues
Unconditioned, large upper atriumUnconditioned, large upper atrium
(stratification)(stratification)
Exhaust locations problematic forExhaust locations problematic for
designdesign
Maintenance and system testing anMaintenance and system testing an
issueissue
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Building CharacteristicsBuilding Characteristics
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PBD ProcessPBD Process
Identifying Goals
Defining Project Scope
Identifying Goals
Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Developing Design Fire
Developing Trial Design(s)
Evaluating Trial Design(s)
Select Final Design
Selected Design
Meets PerformanceCriteria
Performance
Based Design
Report
(Chapter 12)
Design Brief
Specifications, Drawings,
and Operations and
Maintenance ManualPrepare Design Documentation
No
Yes
Modify Designor Objectives
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Fire Safety GoalsFire Safety Goals
Fundamental fire safety (Fundamental fire safety (
societalsocietal
) goals:) goals:
Life safetyLife safety
Property protectionProperty protection
Continuity of operationsContinuity of operations
Limit environmental impact of fireLimit environmental impact of fire
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Fire Safety GoalsFire Safety Goals
Goals for this building:Goals for this building:
Life safety of building occupantsLife safety of building occupants
Fire fighter operationsFire fighter operations
Property protection (StakeholdersProperty protection (Stakeholders
accepts increased property risk)accepts increased property risk)
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PBD ProcessPBD Process
Defining Objectives
Defining Project Scope
Identifying Goals
Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Developing Design Fire
Developing Trial Design(s)
Evaluating Trial Design(s)
Select Final Design
Selected Design
Meets PerformanceCriteria
Performance
Based Design
Report
(Chapter 12)
Design Brief
Specifications, Drawings,
and Operations and
Maintenance ManualPrepare Design Documentation
No
Yes
Modify Design
or Objectives
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ObjectivesObjectives
More detailed than a goalMore detailed than a goal
Often stated as acceptable loss or riskOften stated as acceptable loss or risk
May be injury or death, cost, or loss ofMay be injury or death, cost, or loss of
downtime or critical equipmentdowntime or critical equipment
Might be equivalency to a prescriptiveMight be equivalency to a prescriptive
code or insurance requirementcode or insurance requirement
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StakeholdersStakeholders ObjectivesObjectives
No loss of life outside of area of fireNo loss of life outside of area of fire
originorigin
No significant thermal damage outsideNo significant thermal damage outside
of room of fire originof room of fire origin
Design in fiscally responsible mannerDesign in fiscally responsible manner
Maintain creative design for intendedMaintain creative design for intendedfunction (performing art center)function (performing art center)
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Design ObjectivesDesign Objectives
Result from quantification of stakeholderResult from quantification of stakeholderobjectivesobjectives
Can be deterministic or probabilisticCan be deterministic or probabilistic
Focus is on the damageFocus is on the damage target(s)target(s)Building, compartment, contents, process,Building, compartment, contents, process,
or occupantor occupant
Serve as benchmarks for evaluatingServe as benchmarks for evaluatingpredicted performance of trial designspredicted performance of trial designs
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Design ObjectivesDesign Objectives
Maintain tenable conditions duringMaintain tenable conditions duringegressegress
Prevent flashover of the area of firePrevent flashover of the area of fire
originorigin Minimize the likelihood of fire spreadMinimize the likelihood of fire spread
beyond the space/room of fire originbeyond the space/room of fire origin
Limit the thermal damage to areasLimit the thermal damage to areasbeyond the area of fire originbeyond the area of fire origin
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Atrium Smoke ControlAtrium Smoke Control
Prescriptive Code RequirementsPrescriptive Code Requirements
Designed to maintain smoke layer 6 ft aboveDesigned to maintain smoke layer 6 ft above
highest level of exit access for 20 min.highest level of exit access for 20 min.
Passive smoke control (i.e., no mechanicalPassive smoke control (i.e., no mechanicalexhaust) allowed by codeexhaust) allowed by code
AlternativeAlternative approaches allowed whichapproaches allowed which
achieve same level of smoke control as otherachieve same level of smoke control as other
methodsmethods
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Atrium Smoke ControlAtrium Smoke Control
Intent of applicable codeIntent of applicable code
Maintain smoke layer above a level thatMaintain smoke layer above a level that
will:will:
Not affect occupant ability to egress (lifeNot affect occupant ability to egress (life
safety)safety)
Prevent smoke migration to other areas ofPrevent smoke migration to other areas ofthe building (property protection)the building (property protection)
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PBD ProcessPBD Process
Developing Performance
Criteria
Defining Project Scope
Identifying Goals
Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Developing Design Fire
Developing Trial Design(s)
Evaluating Trial Design(s)
Select Final Design
Selected Design
Meets PerformanceCriteria
Performance
Based Design
Report
(Chapter 12)
Design Brief
Specifications, Drawings,
and Operations and
Maintenance ManualPrepare Design Documentation
No
Yes
Modify Design
or Objectives
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Performance CriteriaPerformance Criteria
Threshold values, ranges, orThreshold values, ranges, or
distributionsdistributions
Used to evaluate trial designsUsed to evaluate trial designs
Forms the basis for identifying the set ofForms the basis for identifying the set of
candidate designs from which the finalcandidate designs from which the final
design will be selecteddesign will be selected
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Type of Performance CriteriaType of Performance Criteria
TemperatureTemperature
Smoke concentration or obscurationSmoke concentration or obscuration
Evacuation timeEvacuation time
Toxic or corrosive speciesToxic or corrosive species
Level of smoke layerLevel of smoke layer
Radiant fluxRadiant flux
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Example Performance CriteriaExample Performance Criteria
Parameter Hazard Limit
Carbon Monoxide Concentration 5,000-8,000 ppm
Lower Oxygen Limit 12%
Temperature (occupants immersed in layer) 149F
Temperature (occupants below smoke layer 325F
Visibility 30 ft
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PBD ProcessPBD Process
Developing Design Fire
Scenarios
Defining Project Scope
Identifying Goals
Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Developing Design Fire
Developing Trial Design(s)
Evaluating Trial Design(s)
Select Final Design
Selected Design
Meets PerformanceCriteria
Performance
Based Design
Report
(Chapter 12)
Design Brief
Specifications, Drawings,
and Operations and
Maintenance ManualPrepare Design Documentation
No
Yes
Modify Design
or Objectives
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Develop Design Fire ScenariosDevelop Design Fire Scenarios
Building
Characteristics
Occupant
Characteristics
Fire
Characteristics
Possible
Fire Scenarios
Evaluate
Candidate Designs
Develop
Candidate Designs
Design Fire
Curves
Design
Fire Scenarios
Building
Characteristics
Occupant
Characteristics
Identify Possible Design FireIdentify Possible Design Fire
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Identify Possible Design FireIdentify Possible Design Fire
ScenariosScenarios
Building
Characteristics
Occupant
Characteristics
FireCharacteristics
Possible
Fire Scenarios
Architectural Features
Structural Components
Fire Protection Systems
Building Services/Processes
Operational Characteristics
Fire Department Response
Environmental Factors
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Building CharacteristicsBuilding Characteristics
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Building CharacteristicsBuilding Characteristics
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Building CharacteristicsBuilding Characteristics
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Occupant CharacteristicsOccupant Characteristics
Human behaviorHuman behavior
Response characteristicsResponse characteristics
Evacuation timesEvacuation times
Design FireDesign Fire
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Time (seconds)
0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200
HeatRelea
seRate(Btu/s)
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
Steady Fire
MediumFire
Steady andMedium
Fire
Sofa
Kiosk
Design FireDesign Fire
Design FireDesign Fire
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Design Fireg
Smoke Yield (kg/kg)1 Heat of Combustion
(Btu/lbm)2Carbon Dioxide Yield
(lbm/lbm)2Hydrogen to Carbon
Ratio (lbm/lbm)3
0.013 13,030 1.9 0.16
1Nelson [1990] 2Tewarson[1995] 3Babrauskas [1986]
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PBD ProcessPBD Process
Developing Trial Designs
Defining Project Scope
Identifying Goals
Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Developing Design Fire
Developing Trial Design(s)
Evaluating Trial Design(s)
Select Final Design
Selected Design
Meets Performance
Criteria
Performance
Based Design
Report
(Chapter 12)
Design Brief
Specifications, Drawings,
and Operations and
Maintenance ManualPrepare Design Documentation
No
Yes
Modify Designor Objectives
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Developing Trial DesignsDeveloping Trial Designs
Consider context in which the designConsider context in which the design
will be evaluatedwill be evaluated
Select features that achieveSelect features that achieve
performance criteriaperformance criteria
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PBD ProcessPBD Process
Fire Protection
Engineering
Design Brief
Defining Project Scope
Identifying Goals
Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Developing Design Fire
Developing Trial Design(s)
Evaluating Trial Design(s)
Select Final Design
Selected Design
Meets Performance
Criteria
Performance
Based Design
Report
(Chapter 12)
Design Brief
Specifications, Drawings,
and Operations and
Maintenance ManualPrepare Design Documentation
No
Yes
Modify Designor Objectives
Fire Protection EngineeringFire Protection Engineering
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Fire Protection Engineeringe otect o g ee g
Design BriefDesign Brief
Developed by engineer and presentedDeveloped by engineer and presented
to stakeholdersto stakeholders
Documents agreements betweenDocuments agreements between
stakeholders prior quantitative analysisstakeholders prior quantitative analysis
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Form of the Design BriefForm of the Design Brief
Formal submittalFormal submittal
Meeting minutesMeeting minutes
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PBD ProcessPBD Process
Evaluating Trial Designs
Defining Project Scope
Identifying Goals
Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Developing Design Fire
Developing Trial Design(s)
Evaluating Trial Design(s)
Select Final Design
Selected Design
Meets Performance
Criteria
Performance
Based Design
Report
(Chapter 12)
Design Brief
Specifications, Drawings,
and Operations and
Maintenance ManualPrepare Design Documentation
No
Yes
Modify Designor Objectives
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Evaluating Trial DesignsEvaluating Trial Designs
Process of determining if a trial designProcess of determining if a trial design
meets the performance criteria in themeets the performance criteria in the
design fire scenariosdesign fire scenarios
Trial design(s) tested against design fireTrial design(s) tested against design firescenariosscenarios
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Evaluating Trial DesignsEvaluating Trial Designs
Evaluating Trial Design(s)
Select Final Design
Selected DesignMeets Performance
Criteria?
No
Yes
Modify Design
or Objectives
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Atrium Smoke ControlAtrium Smoke Control
Fire ModelsFire Models
Hand CalculationsHand Calculations
CFASTCFAST
CFDCFD
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Final DesignFinal Design
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Atrium Smoke ControlAtrium Smoke Control Given fire produces the same amount ofGiven fire produces the same amount of
particulateparticulate
Amount of smoke increases because of airAmount of smoke increases because of air
entrainmententrainment
cc QHQV 98.38.20 35
31
+=
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Atrium Smoke ControlAtrium Smoke Control
Air Air
AirAir
Fire
2HplumeintoentrainedAir
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Atrium Smoke ControlAtrium Smoke ControlDilute Smoke = SDilute Smoke = S22
100
ft
Dense Smoke = SDense Smoke = S11
10
ft
21
21
SineParticulatSineParticulat
SofVolume50
1SofVolume
=
Atrium Smoke ControlAtrium Smoke Control
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SmokeSmoke
RoofRoof
GardenGarden
Estimated Layer Decent TimeEstimated Layer Decent Time 22--3 minutes3 minutes
Estimated Smoke Properties:Estimated Smoke Properties:
CO concentrationCO concentration ~100 ppm~100 ppmOO22 ~20.5%~20.5%
TemperatureTemperature
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PBD ProcessPBD Process
Select the Final Design
Defining Project Scope
Identifying Goals
Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Developing Design Fire
Developing Trial Design(s)
Evaluating Trial Design(s)
Select Final Design
Selected Design
Meets Performance
Criteria
Performance
Based Design
Report
(Chapter 12)
Design Brief
Specifications, Drawings,
and Operations and
Maintenance ManualPrepare Design Documentation
No
Yes
Modify Designor Objectives
Performance Based DesignPerformance Based Design
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Approach (Final Design)Approach (Final Design)
Passive smoke control in atriumPassive smoke control in atrium
Use of large ceiling as smoke reservoirUse of large ceiling as smoke reservoir
Verification of tenability (computerVerification of tenability (computer
modeling)modeling)Manual vents providedManual vents provided
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AtriumAtrium Smoke ControlSmoke Control
SolutionSolution
Control fuel loads in atriumControl fuel loads in atrium
Verify occupant tenabilityVerify occupant tenability
Fire/smoke modelingFire/smoke modeling
Timed egress analysisTimed egress analysis
Owner/insurance acceptance ofOwner/insurance acceptance ofincreased property riskincreased property risk
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Atrium Smoke ControlAtrium Smoke Control
ResultsResults
Untenable conditions do not occur for atUntenable conditions do not occur for at
least 20 min.least 20 min.
Total bldg. evacuation (including safetyTotal bldg. evacuation (including safetyfactor 2.0) infactor 2.0) in less thanless than 20 min.20 min.
Analysis demonstrates occupants notAnalysis demonstrates occupants notexposed to hazard prior to egressexposed to hazard prior to egress
Atrium Smoke ControlAtrium Smoke Control
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Other design featuresOther design features
Fire department ventingFire department venting
Building owner accepts risk of possibleBuilding owner accepts risk of possibleproperty damage due to smokeproperty damage due to smoke
migrationmigration
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PBD ProcessPBD Process
Performance-Based
Design Report
Defining Project Scope
Identifying Goals
Defining Objectives
Developing Performance
Developing Design Fire
Developing Trial Design(s)
Evaluating Trial Design(s)
Select Final Design
Selected Design
Meets PerformanceCriteria
Performance
Based Design
Report
(Chapter 12)
Design Brief
Specifications, Drawings,
and Operations and
Maintenance ManualPrepare Design Documentation
No
Yes
Modify Designor Objectives
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PBD ReportPBD Report
Formal submittalFormal submittal
Details of approachDetails of approach
EvaluationEvaluation
ResultsResults
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Other DocumentationOther Documentation
Drawings and specs prepared byDrawings and specs prepared by
ArchitectArchitect
Design engineersDesign engineers
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Summary / ConclusionsSummary / Conclusions
Process in SFPE Guide worksProcess in SFPE Guide works
Specific application for smoke controlSpecific application for smoke control
Used for other features alsoUsed for other features also
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Summary / ConclusionsSummary / Conclusions
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QuestionsQuestions
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