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Science Journey Session #3
Simple MachinesHow can you move that?
Lynne M. BaileyCSD 9 Title IIB STEM Grant
lbaile04@nyit.edu
Agenda
• Paperwork• Introduction
• Protocols• Online learning style test• Objectives• Pre-test
• Work & Machines
• Activities• Analyzing devices• Build a Catapult• Exploring online activities
and resources• Post-test• Reflection and classroom
application• Share-out
Introductions
• Paperwork done?• How do you learn?
http://www.educationplanner.com/• Hurricane preparedness week is the last week in May.• EQ preparedness quiz online at
http://www.tvfr.com/ click on “April is Earthquake Awareness Month” and click on quiz
• Protocols – leave no tracks!
What Is Work?
• Amount of energy transferred by a force• You are doing work when you use a force to cause
motion• Simply, when you cause something to move, that is
work • To measure the amount of work you do, multiply
the force times the distance the object moved.• Work= Force x Distance of object moved
What Are Machines?
• A machine is a device that does work
• Don’t increase the amount of work done, but make work easier
• How? By changing the force, the distance or the direction of the force
Machine Stations
• Each group completes activity at one station• Share results later
• Use materials to construct the simple machine• Use group worksheet to record results
• Discuss ideas, predict results (hypothesis0, test (experiment), record findings, analyze results, and write conclusion
• How did this machine work?• How did it make work easier?
More Hints
• Lever: Move fulcrum and load
• Plane – Vary slope; compare to lifting without machine
• Wheel & axle – How far does it go?
• Screw – What is a screw made of? How can you make one with these materials?
• Wedge – How are cuts different, similar?
• Pulley – compare effort with and without
Edheads
• Simple machines on line• Go to www.edheads.org – click on Simple Machines
and complete activity• Use group worksheet to identify objects
Lever
• A bar that is free to move about a fixed point called a fulcrum• Group report• Three types
• First class lever – like a see-saw. One end will lift an object up just as far as the other end is pushed down
• Second class lever – like a wheel barrow. The long handles of a wheel barrow are really the long arms of a lever.
• Third class lever - like a fishing pole. When the pole is given a tug, one end stays still but the other end flips in the air catching the fish.
Let’s Investigate
• Website: Nova http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/egypt/raising/lever.html
• Hands-on • Materials: rulers, 5 pennies, worksheet
• Java required for this website: http://sunshine.chpc.utah.edu/javalabs/java12/machine/act1/lab2.htm
Inclined Plane
• http://weirdrichard.com/inclined.htm • What simple machines are inclined planes?• Group report
Inclined Plane Work Example• W (Fd)= F x D
Work = Your Effort Force = Object to be movedDistance = How far the object is moved
http://home.earthlink.net/~dmocarski/chapters/chapter5/ch5page.htm
100 x 12’ = 400 lb X 3 feet
• Energy is conserved: Work Input = Work Output
Screw
• What simpler machines make a screw?• What everyday machines use screws?• Group report• Online demo at
http://www.fi.edu/qa97/spotlight3/screwdemo.html • Archimedes screw at
http://www.cs.drexel.edu/~crorres/Archimedes/Screw/ScrewAnimation.html
Wheel & Axle
• Rolling along – how would we transport without them?
• Reduce resisting force by distributing it throughout the wheel or axle, and therefore make it easier to haul loads
• Group Report
Pulleys
• How Stuff Works: Block & Tackle (pulley)• http://science.howstuffworks.com/pulley.htm
• Are there pulleys in the room?• Group Report
Let’s Fling Some Marshmallows• Using the materials provided, construct a
catapult• Can you design and build one that hit a target?
Let’s Try This
• Go to Inventors Toolbox at http://www.mos.org/sln/Leonardo/InventorsToolbox.html
• Review the different kinds of machines• Continue to the Gadget Anatomy web page and
complete the activity there• Group activity: Sketch your gadget!
Exploring Resources
• Web page at wikipsaces.com• Technoed.wikispaces.com (may be moved)• Check the blog, http://bronxdip.edublogs.org for
updates• What can you use in your classroom?• How can you apply this science thread in your
subject area?
Reflection and Share -out
• Written reflection of today’s workshopor
• Add a comment to the bloghttp://bronxdip.edublogs.org
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