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1 �Type of universe/population

2 �Sampling unit

3 �Source list/ Sampling frame

4 �Size of sample

5 �Parameters of interest

6 �Budgetary constraint

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Random sampling

Systematic sampling

Stratified random sampling

Cluster sampling

Area/stratified sampling

Multi phase sampling

Probability Sampling

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Random sampling

Systematic sampling

Stratified random sampling

Cluster sampling

Area/stratified sampling

Multi phase sampling

Probability Sampling

Every element of population have an

equal probability of being selected

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Random sampling

Systematic sampling

Stratified random sampling

Cluster sampling

Area/stratified sampling

Multi phase sampling

Probability Sampling

Selection of sample is at uniform

interval

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Random sampling

Systematic sampling

Stratified random sampling

Cluster sampling

Area/stratified sampling

Multi phase sampling

Probability Sampling

population is divided into

groups or clusters and

whole group is selected.

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Random sampling

Systematic sampling

Stratified random sampling

Cluster sampling

Area/stratified sampling

Multi phase sampling

Probability Sampling

If cluster happen to be

some geographic

subdivisions ,

cluster sampling is

better known as

area/stratified

sampling.

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Random sampling

Systematic sampling

Stratified random sampling

Cluster sampling

Area/stratified sampling

Multi phase sampling

Probability Sampling

Modified form of cluster sampling.

Sample units are selected in

two,three or four stages.

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Quotasampling

Judgement

sampling

Conveniencesampling

Non-probability Sampling

Certain quotas are fixed that

are to be drawn from the

population.e.g men age 25-

35 quota 40%,

Women 18-32, quota 60%

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Quotasampling

Judgement

sampling

Conveniencesampling

Non-probability Sampling

Units are purposively

selected on the basis of 

investigator.(experts)

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Quotasampling

Judgement

sampling

Conveniencesampling

Non-probability Sampling

Sample is elected on the

convenience of the researcher.

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Probability sampling Non-probability sampling

Sampling error can be controlled. Sampling error cannot be

controlled.

Selection process depends on

scientific techniques.

Selection bias can be very high.

High cost and time involved. Low cost involved.

Possible to test hypothesis through

formal test of significance.

Test of significance not

applicable.

Reliable and representative if

population is heterogeneous.

Useful in homogeneous

population.

Accuracy may be poor if

population is high.

Accuracy in such situation is quite

scattered.

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Sampling error are of two types ² 

*biased error ² errors arise from any biasness at the time of

selection or estimation, faulty working during collection ofdata, at the time of analysis.

*unbiased error ² errors arise due to difference in the members ofpopulation include and those not included

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There are two methods of determiningthe sample size viz. practical method,

statistical principle.Practical method- Sample size of less

than 100 is not chosen.

Statistical principle ² Scientific

approach.(involves aspects as availability of

finance, time to conduct survey.)

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