Road to the Revolution. Colonists Reach Breaking Point * Relationship between Parliament and King...

Road to the Revolution

Colonists Reach Breaking Point

*Relationship between Parliament and KingParliament:

King:

I.Following French and Indian War, the British needed new revenue source to pay war debt

A.King was going to TAX colonists

B.British citizens were paying a lot higher taxes than colonists

C.British try to also stop SMUGGLING

II. 1764: Sugar ActA. The act changed the tax rates on imports of raw sugar and molasses and placed new taxes on silk, wine, coffee, and indigo

1. Why those items?a. Lord Grenville trying to make colonists pay taxes

2. Why colonists were angry:a. Other countries stopped buying colonial goods

B. Merchants throughout the colonies complained about the act hurting trade

1. Disrupted trade of colonial products to other countries2. Colonial Rum trade

C. Colonists felt as if they were being treated unfairly

1. Smugglers caught would be presumed guilty until proven innocent and would not be tried by jury ( )

D. Pamphlets began to circulate around the colonies

1. Colonists speaking out against the King

III. 1765: Stamp ActA. Passed by King to help pay war( ) debt

1. had to buy a stamp for documents

2. “No taxation without representation”

B. Colonists protested; led to Stamp Act Congress and Declaration of Rights( )

1. Sons of Liberty:

C. King eventually repealed( ) the Stamp Act

1. Sets precedent:

IV. 1767: Townshend ActsA. Passed by King to try to gain more control of the colonies and raise money

B. taxed paint, glass, paper,( ) and TEA

C. colonists boycotted( ) items; made own

D. King eventually repealed tax on all items EXCEPT tea

V. 1770 Boston Massacre

A. Building Tension

1. As the king passed new laws, protest in the colonies grew

2. Events of March 5, 1770:

B. Facts of the Event

1.On March 5th, 1770, British soldiers fired on a crowd of Bostonians

2. Five died as a result-- Crispus Attucks

C. The Trial

1. Given to protect the colonies from England

2. Fall of 1770

3. Lawyer for the defense of Britain:

VI. 1773: Tea ActA. Passed by king so that the East India company could sell tea directly to the colonies

B. The Boston Tea Party1. The Sons of Liberty dressed as Mohawk Indians

2. 2.3 million $ of tea goneC. King George III was furious and decided he must master them or treat them as aliens ( )

VII. 1774: Intolerable Acts

A. Actual name was the Coercive Acts

B. A series of acts designed to punish the colonists

C. Consisted of 4 Acts:

1. Closing the Boston port until the city paid for the tea

2. Increased the power of governors ( ) to the point that they could ban meetings

a. Why damaging to colonists?

3. New Quartering Act

a. Troops in private houses

4. Quebec Act: Put land into province of Quebec

a.taking land from NY, Penn., & Virginia

b.Proclamation of 1763 all over again!

Moving Toward Independence

I. 1774: First Continental CongressA.Delegates from all colonies (except Georgia) meet in Philadelphia

1.Finest men from the colonies; colonial leaders2. Formed political body to make decisions for colonies

B. CC decided to repeal Intolerable ActsC. CC would meet again…..

II. April, 1775: Lexington and Concord

A.British attempt to destroy colonial militias and capture supplies( )

B.Paul Revere: “ “

C.Graphic p. 134-135

1.

2.

D.“Shot heard ‘round the world”

1.

III. Battle of Bunker Hill

A. British Win

1. British learn that defeating Americans is NOT going to be easy

IV. Patriots v. Loyalists

A. Patriots =

B. Loyalists =

C. American Revolution was a civil war among colonists

1. Explanation:

V. 1775: Second Continental Congress

A. Created Continental Army

1. Fight against British in a stronger and more organized way than militias

2. G. Washington

B. Declaration of Independence

1. 1776

VI. Thomas Paine – Common Sense

A. “It is a man’s right to be free.”

B. In America, the government should be ruled by the people and not the king

C. It is common sense