Review Classification of CT – CT “Proper” – Supporting CT – Fluid CT

Review

• Classification of CT

– CT “Proper”

– Supporting CT

– Fluid CT

• Bone (osseous) CT

• Bone (osseous) CT

– Cells

• Bone (osseous) CT

– Cells

•Osteoprogenitor cell

• Bone (osseous) CT

– Cells

•Osteoprogenitor cell (stem cell)

• Bone (osseous) CT

– Cells

•Osteoprogenitor cell (stem cell)

• Osteoblasts

• Bone (osseous) CT

– Cells

•Osteoprogenitor cell (stem cell)

• Osteoblasts

• Osteocytes

• Bone (osseous) CT

– Cells

•Osteoprogenitor cell (stem cell)

• Osteoblasts

• Osteocytes (in lacunae)

• Bone (osseous) CT

– Cells

•Osteoprogenitor cell (stem cell)

• Osteoblasts

• Osteocytes (in lacunae)

• Osteoclasts

• Bone (osseous) CT– Cells

•Osteoprogenitor cells (stem cells)

• Osteoblasts• Osteocytes (in lacunae)• Osteoclasts

– Matrix

– Matrix

– Matrix: arranged as lamellae

– Matrix: arranged as lamellae

– Matrix: arranged as lamellae

•Collagen fibers

– Matrix: arranged as lamellae

•Collagen fibers

•Calcium phosphate salts

– Matrix: arranged as lamellae

•Collagen fibers

•Calcium phosphate salts (as hydroxyapatite)

• Arrangements of Bone Tissue

• Arrangements of Bone Tissue– Compact (cortical)

• Arrangements of Bone Tissue– Compact (cortical)

– Spongy (cancellous)

• Compact Bone Tissue

• Compact Bone Tissue– Location

• Compact Bone Tissue– Location

•On bone surfaces

• Compact Bone Tissue– Location

•On bone surfaces (matrix arranged as

• Compact Bone Tissue– Location

•On bone surfaces (matrix arranged as circumferential lamellae)

• Compact Bone Tissue– Location

•On bone surfaces (matrix arranged as circumferential lamellae)

• In shafts of long bones

• Compact Bone Tissue– Location

•On bone surfaces (matrix arranged as circumferential lamellae)

• In shafts of long bones (matrix arranged as

• Compact Bone Tissue– Location

•On bone surfaces (matrix arranged as circumferential lamellae)

• In shafts of long bones (matrix arranged as concentric

• Compact Bone Tissue– Location

•On bone surfaces (matrix arranged as circumferential lamellae)

• In shafts of long bones (matrix arranged as concentric and interstitial lamellae)

– The osteon

– The osteon (Haversian system):

– The osteon (Haversian system): unit structure of thick compact bone

Haversian canal

Lacuna

Canaliculi

*

• Arrangements of Bone Tissue– Compact Bone Tissue

• Arrangements of Bone Tissue– Compact Bone Tissue

– Spongy (cancellous) bone tissue

• Arrangements of Bone Tissue– Compact Bone Tissue

– Spongy (cancellous) bone tissue

•Location: within bones

• Arrangements of Bone Tissue– Compact Bone Tissue

– Spongy (cancellous) bone tissue

•Location: within bones

•Consists of branching plates called trabeculae

• Arrangements of Bone Tissue– Compact Bone Tissue

– Spongy (cancellous) bone tissue

•Location: within bones

•Consists of branching plates called trabeculae

• Arrangements of Bone Tissue– Compact Bone Tissue– Spongy (cancellous) bone tissue

•Location: within bones •Consists of branching plates called trabeculae

•Bone marrow found between the trabecular spaces

• Periosteum

• Periosteum

– Fibrous layer

• Periosteum

– Fibrous layer

– Cellular layer

• Periosteum

– Fibrous layer

– Cellular layer

• Source of new oesteoblasts

• Bone Tissue Remodelling

• Bone Tissue Remodelling

– Osteoblasts

• Bone Tissue Remodelling

– Osteoblasts

– Osteoclasts

Review

• Classification of CT

– CT “Proper”

– Supporting CT

Review

• Classification of CT

– CT “Proper”

– Supporting CT

– Fluid CT

Review

• Classification of CT

– CT “Proper”

– Supporting CT

– Fluid CT

•Blood

Review• Classification of CT

– CT “Proper”– Supporting CT– Fluid CT

•Blood•Lymph

• Blood

• Blood =

• Blood = Formed elements

• Blood = Formed elements + plasma

• Blood = Formed elements + plasma

– Formed elements

• Blood = Formed elements + plasma

– Formed elements (AKA “blood solids”)

• Blood = Formed elements + plasma

– Formed elements (AKA “blood solids”)

• RBC’S

• Blood = Formed elements + plasma

– Formed elements (AKA “blood solids”)

• RBC’S (erythrocytes)

• Blood = Formed elements + plasma

– Formed elements (AKA “blood solids”)

• RBC’S (erythrocytes)

• WBC’s

• Blood = Formed elements + plasma

– Formed elements (AKA “blood solids”)

• RBC’S (erythrocytes)

• WBC’s (leukocytes)

• Blood = Formed elements + plasma

– Formed elements (AKA “blood solids”)

• RBC’S (erythrocytes)

• WBC’s (leukocytes)

• platelets

• Blood = Formed elements + plasma

– Formed elements (AKA “blood solids”)

• RBC’S (erythrocytes)

• WBC’s (leukocytes)

• platelets (thrombocytes)

• Red Blood Cells

• Red Blood Cells

– “bags” of hemoglobin

• White Blood Cells

• White Blood Cells

– Granulocytes

• White Blood Cells

– Granulocytes

•Neutrophils

• White Blood Cells

– Granulocytes

•Neutrophils

•Eosinophils

• White Blood Cells

– Granulocytes

•Neutrophils

•Eosinophils

•Basophils

• White Blood Cells

– Granulocytes

•Neutrophils

•Eosinophils

•Basophils

– Agranulocytes

• White Blood Cells

– Granulocytes

•Neutrophils

•Eosinophils

•Basophils

– Agranulocytes

•Lymphocytes

• White Blood Cells– Granulocytes

•Neutrophils•Eosinophils•Basophils

– Agranulocytes •Lymphocytes•Monocytes

• White Blood Cells– Granulocytes

•Neutrophils•Eosinophils•Basophils

– Agranulocytes •Lymphocytes•Monocytes

BasophilNeutrophilEosinophilLymphocyteMonocyte

• Platelets (Thrombocytes)

REVIEW• Blood = Formed elements + plasma

– Formed elements (AKA “blood solids”) • RBC’S (erythrocytes)• WBC’s (leukocytes)• platelets (thrombocytes)

• Platelets (Thrombocytes)

– Derived from megakaryocytes

• Hemopoiesis

– All formed elements develop from

• Hemopoiesis

– All formed elements develop from hemopoietic stem cells

• Hemopoiesis

– All formed elements develop from hemopoietic stem cells

– Erythropoiesis

• Hemopoiesis

– All formed elements develop from hemopoietic stem cells

– Erythropoiesis: regulated by erythropoiten (EPO)

• Hemopoiesis

– All formed elements develop from hemopoietic stem cells

– Erythropoiesis: regulated by erythropoiten (EPO)

– Leukopoiesis

• Hemopoiesis

– All formed elements develop from hemopoietic stem cells

– Erythropoiesis: regulated by erythropoiten (EPO)

– Leukopoiesis: regulated by numerous factors

• Plasma

• Plasma

– Water

• Plasma

– Water

– Electrolytes

• Plasma

– Water

– Electrolytes

– Organic nutrients

• Plasma

– Water

– Electrolytes

– Organic nutrients

– Organic wastes

• Plasma

– Water

– Electrolytes

– Organic nutrients

– Organic wastes

– Plasma proteins

– Plasma proteins

• Albumin

• Globulins

• Clotting factors (e.g. fibrinogen)

• Regulatory hormones

-----------------------