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© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE I Chapter 6 1
MSc. Marcelo Donoso V.email: mdonosov@gmail.com
CONMUTACION AND ROUTING II
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE I Chapter 6 2
LAN Design
LAN Switching and Wireless – Chapter 1
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 3
Objectives§ Describe how a hierarchical network supports the
voice, video and data needs of a small and medium-sized business.
§ Match the appropriate Cisco switch to each layer in the hierarchical network design model.
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 4
Describe how a Hierarchical Network Supports the Needs of a Small & Medium-Sized Business§ Explain the benefits of the hierarchical network model
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 5
Describe how a Hierarchical Network Supports the Needs of a Small & Medium-Sized Business§ Describe the key principles of hierarchical network
design
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 6
Describe how a Hierarchical Network Supports the Needs of a Small & Medium-Sized Business§ Describe the role of a converged network in supporting
small and medium-sized (SMB) business voice, video, and data needs
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 7
Match the Appropriate Cisco Switch to each Layer in the Hierarchical Network Design Model§ Identify the considerations used to select a switch for a
hierarchical network
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 8
Match the Appropriate Cisco Switch to each Layer in the Hierarchical Network Design Model§ Identify the key features of switches that are used in
hierarchical networks
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 9
Match the Appropriate Cisco Switch to each Layer in the Hierarchical Network Design Model§ Identify the switch features found in each level in a
hierarchical network
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 10
Match the Appropriate Cisco Switch to each Layer in the Hierarchical Network Design Model§ Identify the Cisco switches used in SMB applications
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 11
Summary§ Hierarchical Design model addresses performance,
scalability, maintainability & manageability issues.
§ Traffic Analysis is used to monitor network performance.
§ Hierarchical Design Model is composed of 3 layers:AccessDistributionCore
§ Switches selected for each layer must meet the needs of each hierarchical layer as well as the needs of the business.
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE I Chapter 6 12
Configure a Switch
LAN Switching and Wireless – Chapter 2
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 13
Objectives§ Summarize the operation of Ethernet as defined for
100/1000 Mbps LANs in the IEEE 802.3 standard.
§ Explain the functions that enable a switch to forward Ethernet frames in a LAN.
§ Configure a switch for operation in a network designed to support voice, video, and data transmissions.
§ Configure basic security on a switch that will operate in a network designed to support voice, video, and data transmissions.
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 14
Summarize the operation of Ethernet as defined for 100/1000 Mbps LANs in the IEEE 802.3 standard§ Describe the key elements of Ethernet/802.3 networks
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 15
Summarize the operation of Ethernet as defined for 100/1000 Mbps LANs in the IEEE 802.3 standard§ Describe the design considerations for Ethernet/802.3
networks
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 16
Summarize the operation of Ethernet as defined for 100/1000 Mbps LANs in the IEEE 802.3 standard§ Describe the LAN design considerations to reduce
network latency
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 17
§ Describe the switch forwarding methods
Explain the Functions that Enable a Switch to Forward Ethernet Frames in a LAN
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 18
Explain the Functions that Enable a Switch to Forward Ethernet Frames in a LAN§ Explain symmetric and asymmetric Switching
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 19
Explain the Functions that Enable a Switch to Forward Ethernet Frames in a LAN§ Describe how memory buffering works
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 20
Explain the Functions that Enable a Switch to Forward Ethernet Frames in a LAN§ Compare Layer 2 with Layer 3 switching
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 21
Configure a Switch for Operation in a Network§ Describe the Cisco IOS commands used to navigate
the command-line
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 22
Configure a Switch for Operation in a Network§ Describe the Cisco IOS help facilities
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 23
Configure a Switch for Operation in a Network§ Describe the Cisco IOS commands used to access the
command history
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 24
Configure a Switch for Operation in a Network§ Describe the boot sequence of a Cisco switch
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 25
Configure a Switch for Operation in a Network§ Describe how to prepare the switch to be configured
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 26
Configure a Switch for Operation in a Network§ Describe how to perform a basic switch configuration
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 27
Configure a Switch for Operation in a Network§ Describe how to verify the Cisco IOS configuration
using the Show command
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 28
Configure a Switch for Operation in a Network§ Describe how to manage the Cisco IOS configuration
files
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 29
Configure Basic Security on a Switch§ Describe the Cisco IOS commands used to configure
password options
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 30
§ Describe the Cisco IOS commands used to configure a login banner
Configure Basic Security on a Switch
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 31
§ Describe the how to configure Telnet and SSH on a switch
Configure Basic Security on a Switch
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 32
§ Describe the key switch security attacks. The description should include, MAC address flooding, spoofing attacks, CDP attacks, and Telnet attacks
Configure Basic Security on a Switch
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 33
§ Describe how network security tools are used to improve network security
Configure Basic Security on a Switch
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 34
§ Describe why you need to secure ports on a switch
Configure Basic Security on a Switch
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 35
§ Describe the Cisco IOS commands used to disable unused ports
Configure Basic Security on a Switch
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 36
Summary§ LAN Design
Process that explains how a LAN is to be implemented
Factors to consider in LAN design include
Collision domains
Broadcast domains
Network latency
LAN segmentation
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 37
Summary
§ Switch forwarding methods
Store & forward – used by Cisco Catalyst switches
Cut through – 2 types
Cut through
Fast forwarding
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 38
Summary
§ Symmetric switching
Switching is conducted between ports that have the same bandwidth
§ Asymmetric switching
Switching is conducted between ports that have unlike bandwidth
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 39
Summary
§ CISCO IOS CLI includes the following featuresBuilt in help Command history/options
§ Switch securityPassword protectionUse of SSH for remote accessPort security
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE I Chapter 6 40
VLANs
LAN Switching and Wireless – Chapter 3
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 41
Objectives§ Explain the role of VLANs in a converged network.
§ Explain the role of trunking VLANs in a converged network.
§ Configure VLANs on the switches in a converged network topology.
§ Troubleshoot the common software or hardware misconfigurations associated with VLANs on switches in a converged network topology.
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 42
Explain the Role of VLANs in a Converged Network§ Explain the role of VLANs in a converged network
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 43
Explain the Role of VLANs in a Converged Network§ Describe the different types VLANs
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 44
Explain the Role of VLANs in a Converged Network§ Describe the VLAN port membership modes
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 45
Explain the Role of VLANs in a Converged Network§ Describe how to manage broadcast domains with
VLANs
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 46
Explain the Role of Trunking VLANs in a Converged Network§ Explain the role of a trunk when using multiple VLANs
in a converged network
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 47
Explain the Role of Trunking VLANs in a Converged Network§ Describe how a trunk works
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 48
Explain the Role of Trunking VLANs in a Converged Network§ Describe the switch port trunking modes
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 49
Configure VLANs on the Switches in a Converged Network Topology§ Describe the steps to configure trunks and VLANs
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 50
Configure VLANs on the Switches in a Converged Network Topology§ Describe the Cisco IOS commands used to create a
VLAN on a Cisco Catalyst switch
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 51
Configure VLANs on the Switches in a Converged Network Topology§ Describe the Cisco IOS commands used to manage
VLANs on a Cisco Catalyst switch
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 52
Configure VLANs on the Switches in a Converged Network Topology§ Describe the Cisco IOS commands used to create a
trunk on a Cisco Catalyst switch
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 53
Troubleshoot Common Software or Hardware Misconfigurations Associated with VLANs§ Describe the common problems with VLANs and trunks
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 54
§ Describe the common problems with VLANs and trunks
Troubleshoot Common Software or Hardware Misconfigurations Associated with VLANs
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 55
§ Describe how to use the troubleshooting procedure to fix a common problem with VLAN configurations
Troubleshoot Common Software or Hardware Misconfigurations Associated with VLANs
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 56
Summary§ VLANS
Allows an administrator to logically group devices that act as their own network
Are used to segment broadcast domains
Some benefits of VLANs include
Cost reduction, security, higher performance, better management
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 57
Summary
§ Types of Traffic on a VLAN includeDataVoiceNetwork protocolNetwork management
§ Communication between different VLANs requires the use of
Routers
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 58
Summary
§ Trunks
A common conduit used by multiple VLANS for intra-VLAN communication
§ EEE 802.1Q
The standard trunking protocol
Uses frame tagging to identify the VLAN to which a frame belongs
Does not tag native VLAN traffic
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE I Chapter 6 59
Implement VTP
LAN Switching and Wireless – Chapter 4
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 60
Objectives§ Explain the role of VTP in a converged switched
network
§ Describe the operation of VTP: VTP domains, VTP Modes, VTP Advertisements, and VTP Pruning.
§ Configure VTP on the switches in a converged network.
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 61
Explain the Role of VTP in a Converged Switched Network§ Explain the role of VTP in a multi-switch network
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 62
Describe the Operation of VTP§ Describe the importance of the default VTP
configuration
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 63
Describe the Operation of VTP§ Explain the role of domains in VTP
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 64
Describe the Operation of VTP§ Describe how VTP exchanges domain and VLAN
information between switches in the same VTP domain
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 65
Describe the Operation of VTP§ Describe the role VTP modes play in enabling VTP to
distribute and synchronize domain and VLAN configuration information in a network
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 66
Describe the Operation of VTP§ Explain how VTP pruning functions
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 67
Configure VTP on the Switches in a Converged Network§ Configure VTP on a Cisco Catalyst Switch
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 68
Configure VTP on the Switches in a Converged Network§ Identify and troubleshoot common VTP configuration
problems
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 69
Configure VTP on the Switches in a Converged Network§ Manage VLANs on a VTP enabled network
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 70
Summary§ VTP is a Cisco proprietary protocol used to exchange
VLAN information across trunk links.
§ A switch can be in one of 3 VTP operating modesClient
Cannot create, modify or delete VLANServer
Can create, modify & delete VLANTransparent
Can create, modify, & delete LOCAL VLANForwards VTP advertisements.
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 71
Summary
§ VTP pruningLimits unnecessary dissemination of VLAN information.
§ Verify VTP configuration Show VTP statusShow interfaces trunk
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE I Chapter 6 72
Implement Spanning Tree Protocols
LAN Switching and Wireless – Chapter 5
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 73
Objectives§ Explain the role of redundancy in a converged
network
§ Summarize how STP works to eliminate Layer 2 loops in a converged network
§ Explain how the STP algorithm uses three steps to converge on a loop-free topology
§ Implement rapid per VLAN spanning tree (rapid PVST+) in a LAN to prevent loops between redundant switches.
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 74
Explain the Role of Redundancy in a Converged Switched Network§ Describe the role redundancy in a hierarchical network
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 75
Explain the Role of Redundancy in a Converged Switched Network§ Describe how redundancy can disable a hierarchical
network
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 76
Explain the Role of Redundancy in a Converged Switched Network§ Explain how Layer 2 loops occur in well managed
networks
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 77
Summarize How STP works to Eliminate Layer 2 Loops in a Converged Network § Describe the STP algorithm
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 78
Summarize How STP works to Eliminate Layer 2 Loops in a Converged Network § Explain the role of the BPDU in STP
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 79
Summarize How STP works to Eliminate Layer 2 Loops in a Converged Network § Explain the role of the BID in STP
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 80
Summarize How STP works to Eliminate Layer 2 Loops in a Converged Network § Describe the how port roles support the operation of
STP
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 81
Summarize How STP works to Eliminate Layer 2 Loops in a Converged Network § Describe the role of STP port states and BPDU timers
in the operation of STP
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 82
Explain How the STP Algorithm Uses Three Steps to Converge on a Loop-Free Topology§ Define convergence for a switched network and
summarize the 3 step process STP uses to create a loop free topology
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 83
Explain How the STP Algorithm Uses Three Steps to Converge on a Loop-Free Topology§ Explain the STP decision sequence is used to elect a
root bridge for a network
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 84
Explain How the STP Algorithm Uses Three Steps to Converge on a Loop-Free Topology§ Describe the process of electing a root port on a switch
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 85
Explain How the STP Algorithm Uses Three Steps to Converge on a Loop-Free Topology§ Describe the process of electing designated ports and
non-designated ports on a switch
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 86
Implement Rapid per VLAN Spanning Tree (rapid PVST+) in a LAN§ Summarize the features of the PVST+, RSTP and rapid
PVST+ variants of STP
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 87
Implement Rapid per VLAN Spanning Tree (rapid PVST+) in a LAN§ Describe the features of PVST+
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 88
Implement Rapid per VLAN Spanning Tree (rapid PVST+) in a LAN§ Describe the features of RSTP
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 89
Implement Rapid per VLAN Spanning Tree (rapid PVST+) in a LAN§ Describe RSTP edge ports
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 90
Implement Rapid per VLAN Spanning Tree (rapid PVST+) in a LAN§ Describe the RSTP link types
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 91
Implement Rapid per VLAN Spanning Tree (rapid PVST+) in a LAN§ Describe the RSTP port states and port roles
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 92
Implement Rapid per VLAN Spanning Tree (rapid PVST+) in a LAN§ Describe how to configure rapid PVST+
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 93
Implement Rapid per VLAN Spanning Tree (rapid PVST+) in a LAN§ Describe how to design STP to avoid problems
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 94
Implement Rapid per VLAN Spanning Tree (rapid PVST+) in a LAN§ Describe how to identify and solve the key STP
configuration issues
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 95
Summary§ Spanning Tree Protocol (STP) is used to prevent loops
from being formed on redundant networks
§ STP uses different port states & timers to logically prevent loops
§ There is at least one switch in a network that serves as the root bridge
Root bridge is elected using information found in BPDU frames
§ Root ports are determined by the spanning tree algorithm and are closest to the root bridge
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 96
Summary
§ STP lengthy convergence time (50 seconds) facilitated the development of:
RSTPconvergence time is slightly over 6 seconds
Rapid PVST+adds VLAN support to RSTPis the preferred spanning-tree protocol on a Cisco switch netowrk
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE I Chapter 6 97
Implement Inter-VLAN Routing
LAN Switching and Wireless – Chapter 6
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 98
Objectives§ Explain to the satisfaction of a qualified instructor how
network traffic is routed between VLANs in a converged network.
§ Configure inter-VLAN routing on a router to enable communications between end-user devices on separate VLANs
§ Troubleshoot common inter-VLAN connectivity issues.
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 99
Explain How Network Traffic is Routed Between VLANs in a Converged Network § Describe the routing options between VLANs
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 100
Explain How Network Traffic is Routed Between VLANs in a Converged Network § Describe the role of interfaces and subinterfaces in
supporting inter-VLAN routing
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 101
Configure Inter-VLAN Routing§ Describe the steps to configure inter-VLAN routing
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 102
Configure Inter-VLAN Routing§ Describe the steps to configure inter-VLAN routing
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 103
Troubleshoot Common Inter-VLAN Connectivity Issues § Describe the common switch configuration Issues
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 104
Troubleshoot Common Inter-VLAN Connectivity Issues § Describe the common router configuration issues
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 105
Troubleshoot Common Inter-VLAN Connectivity Issues § Describe the common IP Addressing Issues
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 106
Summary§ Inter-VLAN routing is the process of routing information
between VLANs
§ Inter-VLAN routing requires the use of a router or a layer 3 switch
§ Traditional inter-VLAN routingRequires multiple router interfaces that are each connected to separate VLANs
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 107
Summary§ Router on a stick
this is an inter-VLAN routing topology that uses router sub interfaces connected to a layer 2 switch.
Each Subinterface must be configured with:An IP address Associated VLAN number
§ Configuration of inter VLAN routing–Configure switch ports connected to router with correct VLAN –Configure each router subinterface with the correct IP address & VLAN ID
§ Verify configuration on switch and router
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE I Chapter 6 108
Configure a Wireless Router
LAN Switching and Wireless – Chapter 7
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 109
Objectives§ Describe the components and operations of basic
wireless LAN topologies.
§ Describe the components and operations of basic wireless LAN security.
§ Configure and verify basic wireless LAN access.
§ Configure and troubleshoot wireless client access.
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 110
Explain the Components and Operations of Basic Wireless LAN Topologies§ Describe why wireless LANs are a popular choice for
small business LAN implementations
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 111
Explain the Components and Operations of Basic Wireless LAN Topologies§ Describe the 802.11 wireless standards
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 112
Explain the Components and Operations of Basic Wireless LAN Topologies§ Describe the components of a 802.11-based wireless
infrastructure
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 113
Explain the Components and Operations of Basic Wireless LAN Topologies§ Describe how wireless networks operate
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 114
Explain the Components and Operations of Basic Wireless LAN Topologies§ Describe how to plan a wireless LAN
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 115
Explain the Components and Operations of Basic Wireless LAN Security§ Describe the threats to wireless LAN security
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 116
Explain the Components and Operations of Basic Wireless LAN Security§ Describe the wireless protocols. The description will
include a description of 802.1x, a comparison of WPA and WPA2 as well as comparison of TKIP and AES
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 117
Explain the Components and Operations of Basic Wireless LAN Security§ Describe how to secure a wireless LAN from the key
security threats
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 118
Configure and Verify Basic Wireless LAN Access§ Configure a wireless access point
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 119
Configure and Verify Basic Wireless LAN Access§ Configure a wireless NIC
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 120
Configure and Troubleshoot Wireless Client Access§ Describe how to solve access point firmware issues
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 121
Configure and Troubleshoot Wireless Client Access§ Describe how to solve incorrect channel settings
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 122
Configure and Troubleshoot Wireless Client Access§ Describe how to solve common RF interference issues
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 123
Configure and Troubleshoot Wireless Client Access§ Describe how to correct antenna misplacement
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 124
Configure and Troubleshoot Wireless Client Access§ Describe how to solve the common problems
associated with wireless LAN encryption types
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 125
Configure and Troubleshoot Wireless Client Access§ Describe how to solve authentication problems
associated with wireless LANs
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 126
Summary§ Wireless LANs use standards such as
IEEE 802.11aIEEE 802.11bIEEE 802.11gIEEE 802.11n
§ Basic Service set–Mobile clients use a single access point for connectivity
§ Extended service set–Multiple access point that share an SSID
© 2006 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco PublicITE 1 Chapter 6 127
Summary§ WLAN security practices/methods include
–MAC address filtering–SSID making–Implementing WPA2
§ Configuration of wireless NIC and access point–Configure both of them the same way
•SSID–Ensure that the latest firmware is installed
§ Troubleshooting WLANs include doing the following:–Check channel setting–Check for interference
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