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MPA resilience to climate change Réserve Naturelle de Saint-Martin Saint-Martin - 28 Novembre 2013
A TOTAL SUPERFICIE OF 3054 HA
A terrestrial part of 154 ha classified in natural reserve and transferred at the Conservatoire du
Littoral
A marine part of 2796 ha (territorial sea) classified in natural reserve.
2 ponds (104 ha) classified in natural reserve 14 ponds belonging to the Conservatoire and
managed by the manager of the natural reserve
Chris McCandlish Chris McCandlish
800 sp. Some climate sensitive species
Franck Mazeas
Chris McCandlish
Réserve Naturelle : climate change sentinel to understand the vulnerability of island biodiversity
Implement an early warning system to monitor climate change impacts on biodiversity Water column temperature
Mass coral bleaching
Birds Migratory routes change
THE BLEACHING RESPONSE PLAN OF THE NATURAL RESERVE OF SAINT-MARTIN
Pauline MALTERRE – RNN Saint-Martin – Key Largo, june 2010
©Franck Mazeas, DIREN Guadeloupe ©Pauline Malterre ©RNN Saint-Martin
To improve scientific knowledge Monitor impacts on coral reefs
Field sheets
To improve scientific knowledge Monitor impacts on birds migratory routes
Adaptation strategy
Well managed terrestrial and marine protected areas improve the state of biodiversity and increase its resilience to climate change Our key adaptation strategy is « Do your job and do it well ! » Implement our 5 years management plan – even if climate change is not taken into account as such
To control anthropic pressure on protected areas
Context : 2 million tourists / year
To restore damaged habitats & populations
Adaptation tools to climate change
Artificial reefs and coral reefs restoration
Conservatoire du littoral
Introduction to the structure
• A French public organization in charge of the protection of natural coastal spaces (mainland France and overseas departments & territories) • Means of action : by land trust
• In 2013 : 153 000 ha under protection Overseas : around 39 000 ha •Goal : 1/3 of coastlines under protection by 2050 In 2013 : around 13 %
The Conservatoire du littoral in Saint-Martin
355 ha protected, 84 ha of coastlines, 14 ponds, 7 islets
Conservatoire du littoral and climate change
Assumption : Climate change : an evolution tendency towards : •Sea level rise •Increase in occurrence of extreme meteorological events Coastlines are naturally affected by erosion. Climate change will increase their vulnerability. Conservatoire du littoral estate will be mainly affected by the evolution of coast profile.
1/Knowledge and analysis of the coast profile evolution
National study in 2004 and 2011 : ¼ of coastlines affected by erosion
1% of the estate eroded by 2050
20% of the estate subjected to marine submersion by 2050
Overseas : assessment of the vulnerability of protected estate to erosion
1) Classification in different types : •Beach •Mangrove •Rocky coastline •Sandbank •Estuary •Shingle •Urbanized coastline 2) Combinaison with other factors : swell, tides, slope, extreme episodes, presence of a coral reef or a lagoon…
Results : case of Saint-Martin 1/2 Characterization of coastlines
Results : case of Saint-Martin 2/2 Vulnerability to erosion
2/ Taking into account climate change in our projects
Definition of a national strategy 3 scenarios : • to resist • to endure • to adapt
http://www.conservatoire-du-littoral.fr/38-changement-climatique.htm
Case of Saint-Martin- adaptation of the estate extension strategy
Towards a better protection of the mangrove, a natural coastal protection, by reducting wind and swell waves
Protection of dry coastal forest (carbon sink)
Case of Saint-Martin-Restoration projects
Mangrove plants in 2012
Restoration project in 2014
Case of Saint-Martin-Restoration projects
Erosion control and shore restoration : Case of Pinel island
2009
2013
2010
Food for thought…
•Assessment of estate vulnerability : taking into account not only morphological factors, but also socio-economic ones •Knowledge to be improved and sharpened
•What about the influence of climate change on vegetation cover ? Species ?
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
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