Research at SMI

Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009 1

Research at SMI

J. Martonfor the Stefan Meyer Institute (SMI)

Austrian Academy of Scienceswww.oeaw.ac.at/smi

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Overview

• SMI - short look back• Antiproton Physics at CERN-AD• Antikaon- nucleon and – nucleus interaction

– Kaonic atoms• Kaonic hydrogen and deuterium at DAΦNE/LNF• Kaonic helium-3 at J-PARC (E17)

– Exotic bound systems with Strangeness• Search for pp dibaryon S=-1 (K-pp) at FOPI• AMADEUS at LNF• E15 at J-PARC

• VIP – Testing the Pauli Principle for electrons• SMI and FP7 Hadronphysics

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Stefan Meyer Institute - short history• 2002-2004 P. Kienle, Director of

"Institute for Medium Energy Physics“ (founded 1987)

• 2004: Renamed to Stefan Meyer Institute (SMI), Director E. Widmann

• Stefan Meyer first director of the „Institut für Radiumforschung“– Founded 1910– 1st institute of Austrian Academy– Pioneer in radioactivity research– 2 nobel laureates (V. Hess, G. Hevesy)1910

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Exotic Atoms

Exotic atoms represent a bridge between atomic physics and nuclear/particle physics … and an unique laboratory

precision experiments

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Fundamental symmetry and interaction studies with exotic atoms

• Hadronic atoms(pionic, kaonic, antiprotonic atoms)

• highly excited states (optical transitions)pbar-He (atomcule)– spectroscopy, with QED

pbar properties, CPT

• low-lying states (xray transitions)– Strong interaction at low-

energy (inaccessible in scattering experiments)

shift and broadeningby strong interaction

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Research Areas

• Matter-antimatter asymmetry: ASACUSA @ CERN

• Antikaon-nucleon interaction: kaonic atoms and nuclei

• Antiprotons at FAIR

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Antiproton Physics at CERN-ADASACUSA

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Antiprotonic helium

• Hyperfine structure– Precision microwave

spectroscopy– antiproton magnetic

moment, QED/CPT test• Laser spectroscopy

– antiproton mass & charge QED/CPT test

– 2-photon spectroscopy to increase precision

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Antihydrogen ground-state hyperfine structure

• complementary to 1S-2S laser spectroscopy (ALPHA, ATRAP)– spin-spin interaction– direct CPT test

• measured in hydrogen to 10−12

• atomic beam method (Rabi)– no trapping, 100 K temperature

is o.k.• new recombination schemes

needed – point source

straight sextupoles, 4T pole field: efficiency ~10−4

CPT test by comparison of hfs H vs. H

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Antikaon-nucleon Interaction

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Kaonic Atom „puzzles“

K− 4He (solved) and K− 3He at J-PARC (scheduled)

DEAR/SIDDHARTA: K− p, K− d, K-4He at LNF (running)

repulsive Δε1s attractive Kaonic hydrogen Kaonic helium (4He)

Low-energy antikaon- nucleon interaction

• The low-energy kaon-nucleon interaction is neither simple nor well

understood.

• Problems arise from the existence of resonances like the famous Λ*(1405)

in the s wave (one pole/two pole structure?)

• In general the development of reliable theories suffers from the lack of

precision data on the observables (e.g. shift/width of kaonic atoms)

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Low energy kaon-nucleon interaction• K-p threshold data • Sources of information on the s-wave interaction

put constraints on theory:– Kaon-proton scattering data (old data, large errors)– πΣ mass spectrum– Threshold inelastic decay ratios– X-ray data of kaonic atoms (e.g. K-p, K-d)

• Reliable theory has to cope these informations Nuppec Meeting, Vienna, March 13, 2009 14

• Most simple systems K-p, K-d (K-3,4He)"kaonic hydrogen puzzle" solved (sign of strong interaction is negative, i.e. repulsive at threshold )

• New precision experiments running/upcoming(SIDDHARTA @ LNF, E17@J-PARC)

• Precision - challenge for experiments• Challenge for theory (extraction of scattering lengths,

K-N sigma term)

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SIDDHARTA CollaborationSIlicon Drift Detector for Hadronic Atom Research by Timing Applications

LNF- INFN, Frascati, Italy ● Stefan Meyer Institute, Vienna, Austria ● Politecnico, Milano, Italy ● MPE, Garching, Germany ● PNSensors, Munich, Germany ● IFIN – HH, Bucharest, Romania ● Univ. Victoria, Canada ● RIKEN, Japan

X-ray experiments: Breakthrough with new technology

• Silicon Drift Detectors with large active areaactive area 100 mm2

• 2 different types: SDD with external FET

(commercial product, KETEK)system studied: K-4He (E570/KEK)

SDD with on chip integrated FET SIDDHARTA (JRA10/EU-FP6)systems to be studied:K-p, K-d ….

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SDDs for exotic atom research

E17 @J-PARC/Japan SIDDHARTA @ LNF

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Large area SDD (SIDDHARTA) with 1 cm2 active area3 SDDs on 1 chip, on-chip FET

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Timing capability, excellent energy resolution superior to Si(Li)

Large area SDD (E1@J-PARC) with 1 cm2 active area

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SIDDHARTA

Triple coincidence: SDDX * ScintK * ScintK

Scintillator

Scintillator

D2 gas

SD

D

e+

e-

K+

K-

X-ray

Triple coincidence: SDDX * ScintK * ScintK

Scintillator

Scintillator

D2 gas

SD

D

e+

e-

K+

K-

X-ray

SMI: Cryogenic target, SDD system, mechanics, cooling, vacuum …

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DAΦNE e+e- Collider at LNF

Ideal machine for kaonic atom research:

Source of nearly mono-energetic kaons from Φ decay (E~16MeV)

Back-to-back emitted kaon pairs (~50% b.r.)

Strongly increased luminosity with new technique (Crab-waist) obtained recently

Experiments at J-PARCTokai/Japan

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Hadron Hall

Hadron Hall

Kaonic 3He x-Ray Spectroscopy

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Similar arrangement like E570 (K-4He at KEK) but smaller target.

Stopped K-, n-situ calibration, fiducial cut, preamplifiers operated in vacuum

SDDs

Cryogenic 3He target (1.3 K)

Day-1 experiment at J-PARC (E17)

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Kaon-Nucleon Interaction: Kaonic Nuclei

• Proposed by Yamazaki & Akaishi

• FOPI: K− pp: search for lightest state

• J-PARC E15: alternate production method “in-flight”)

• future possibilities– AMADEUS @ LNF– Search for antiproton-induced

production at AD/FLAIR

FOPI (4π)Λ reconstructionmissing mass and invariant mass

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SMI and FAIR (Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research)

FAIR Start event on November 7, 2007

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SiteProjects @ FAIR with SMI participation

• FLAIR• PANDA

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Antiprotons at FAIR

FLAIR

SIS 100 / 300

pbar productionCapture andaccumulation

deceleration

High EnergyStorage Ring forAnti-protons(HESR): 1.5 –15 GeV/c

pbar programin CDR

New low-energyfacility

CR

NESR

HESR

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HESR and PANDA

SMI participates in R&D

• Internal target • Vacuum in target region• Cherenkov detectors• PANDA Grid

Target

Cluster jet target

DIRC (PID)

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FLAIR

• Facility for Low-energy Antiproton and Ion Research

• Next generation facility beyond CERN-AD

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• Spectroscopy for tests of CPT and QED• Antiprotonic atoms (pbar-He, pbar-p), antihydrogen

• Atomic collisions• Sub-femtosecond correlated dynamics: ionization,

energy loss, antimatter-matter collisions

Low Energy Antiproton Physics at FLAIR

• Antiprotons as hadronic probes

• X-rays of light antiprotonic atoms: low-energy QCD• X-rays of neutron-rich nuclei: nuclear structure (halo)• Antineutron interaction• Strangeness –2 production

• Medical applications: tumor therapy

E.Widmann CAMOP, Plans for a Next-Generation Low-Energy Antiproton Facility , Physica Scripta 72 (2005) C51-C56

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VIP Pauli Principle test for electrons

Experiment at LN Gran SassoSearch for forbidden x-ray transitions in Cu with CCDsImprovement of PEP violation limit to 10-30

Experimental method

8.04 keV in Cu

~ 7.7 keV in Cu

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SMI participation in FP7 Hadronphysics2

• RTD Activities– WP19: FutureJets– WP24: JointGEM

(spokesperson:J. Zmeskal/SMI)– WP28: SiPMs

• Networks– WP9: LEANNIS (spokesperson: J. Marton/SMI)

LEANNIS

International Network LEANNIS in FP7 HadronPhysics2

• 12 participating institutions from• 5 EU countries: Austria, Finland Germany, Italy, Poland,• Associated country: Japan

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LEANNIS

Objectives

• Precise determination of the isospin dependent antikaon-nucleon scattering lengths using kaonic atom X-ray spectroscopy with new technlogy followed by theoretical extraction and interpretation.

• Precision X-ray spectroscopy of kaonic atoms with light nuclei, such as 3He and 4He for determination of the antikaon-nucleus interaction including its theoretical interpretation.

• Further developments and applications of theoretical methods: chiral perturbation theory, effective field theory with strangeness, chiral SU(3) dynamics with coupled channels, antikaon-nuclear few-body theory; comparisons with data from high-precision experiments.

• Search for deeply bound antikaonic nuclear states using various reactions and fully exclusive determination of the reaction and decay products.

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LEANNIS

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EXA Conferences

• International Conference Series in ViennaExotic Atoms and Related Topics 2002/2005/2008

80 participants 120 participants 180 participants (incl. LEAP)

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Thank you for your attention

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SPARE

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SMI Personnel

• Ordinary budget– 8 scientist position (one shared by 2 Ph.D.)– 4 technicians, 1 secretary– 2,5 Ph.D., 1 MS

• third party funding– 2 PD (EU, FWF)– 2 Ph.D. (FWF, Egyptian Government)

• undergraduate students– TU Wien: Projektarbeit– summer students, „Innovationspraktika“ (high school)

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SMI Funding

• ÖAW - Ordinarium• EU FP6 & FP7

– bm_wf additional funding if rate below max.• FWF - funds projects, no international

collaborations; exception– common program with Japan (successful), Russia

(successful)• bm_wf: collaborative costs

– no large investments (e.g. DE: Verbundforschung)

New idea in nuclear physics with antiprotons

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Proposed by P.Kienle (*), T.Yamazaki and W.Weise (**) (*) Int. Jour. Mod. Phys. A 22 (2007)365(**) arXiv:nucl-th/0507058 v1 (2005)

KKKKpp

Kaons produced with antiproton annihilation at rest (AD, FLAIR) – search for double-kaon bound nuclear systems

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J. Zmeskal, Proc. EXA/LEAP 2008, to be published in Hyp. Interact.

X-ray data of kaonic hydrogen: present status

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DEAR (2005)1s = - 193 ± 37 (stat.) ± 6 (syst.) eV1s = 249 ± 111 (stat.) ± 30 (syst.) eV

aK-p = (-0.468 ± 0.090 ± 0.015) + i(0.302 ±0.135± 0.036) fm

KpX (1998)1s = - 323 ± 63 (stat.) ± 11 (syst.) eV1s = 407 ± 208 (stat.) ± 100 (syst.) eV

aK-p = (-0.78 ± 0.15 ± 0.03) + i(0.49 ±0.25± 0.12) fm

KpX solved the so-called "kaonic hydrogen puzzle" the interaction is repulsivePrecision limited (e.g. error bar of width > 50%)Most precise values for sift and width from DEAR experimentBut still precision limitedshift vs. width (1 σ errors) see below

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J-PARC

Hadron Hall

50GeV -PS

LINAC

RCS (3GeV)

Primary Proton

April/11/2008

Kaonbeam

K1.8

K1.8BR