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Research and Innovation at DTU Wind Energy
Presentation at the Japanese-Danish Joint Workshop Future Green technology 10-12 December 2012, Hakata Japan Peter Hauge Madsen Head of Department, DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Outline • DTU Wind Energy • Context • Research & research
infrastructure • Innovation and industry
cooperation • International cooperation
2 20 December 2012
Poul la Cour at Askov 1891-1903
The new 6 MW offshore wind turbine by Siemens, from http://www.siemens.com/press/en/presspicture
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Wind technology expertise
Wind Energy Division
Materials Research Division
Composites and Materials Mechanics
Materials Science and Characterisation
Fluid Mechanics
Test and Measurements
Wind Turbines Structures
Aeroelastic Design
Meteorology
Wind Energy Systems
Fluid Dynamics
Composite Mechanics
> 240 staff members Including 150 academic staff members and 50 PhD students
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
DTU Wind Energy - 2012
4 20 December 2012
Quality Scientific excellence
Relevance Strategic research programmes
Impact On society
Wind resources and siting
Wind power integration and control
Offshore wind energy
Aero-elastic design
Structural design and reliability
Remote sensing and measurement tech.
Aero and hydro dynamics
Boundary layer meteorology and turbulence
Light, strong materials
Wind Energy Basics
Wind Turbine Technology
Wind Energy Systems
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
105m/s, Test section 2.2 x 3.3m
Research and test facilities
Experiments, Validation and Test
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Wind Energy Education Programmes
6 20 December 2012
• Int. M.Sc in Wind Energy: - Mechanics: 30 students per year - Electronics: 10 students per year - About 50 thesis work per year
• Nordic Master’s programme in
Sustainable Energy
• European Eramus Mundus Wind Master
• PhD research school (DAWE): - about 50 PhD students at DTU
• European Academy of Wind Energy
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark 7
0
50
100
150
200
1994 '00 '05 '11
Kul Olie Naturgas Vindkraft Anden vedvarende energi m.m.
PJ
Electricity production and used fuel
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark 8
Wind Power in Denmark
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
1990 '95 '00 '05 '11
MW
0%
5%
10%
15%
20%
25%
30%
Kapacitet, havvindmøller [MW]Kapacitet, landvindmøller [MW]Vindkraft i pct. af indenlandsk elforsyning
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Danish Energy Policy Goals & Industry • 100 pct. renewable energy in 2050 • 100 pct. renewable energy in to
electricity and heat supply in 2035 • No coal and oil from 2030 • Wind power covers 9 pct. of gross
energy consumption in 2020. • Wind Power covers 49,5 pct. of
electricity consumption in 2020.
• EU target for DK: • Renewable energy covers 30% in
2020, with 10 % i transport (DK expects 35% in 2020)
2011 Industry statistics • Employment 25.550 – 45 %manufacturing – 13 % test and product
development • Turnover in Denmark
51.8 billion DKK • Export 38.8 billion DKK • Global turnover 102.8
mia DKK
9 20.12.2012
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Wind Power Meteorology tools and maps
Wind Atlas for Egypt (2006)
WAsP – the Wind Atlas Analysis and Application Program
WAsP Engineering
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Offshore Wind Conditions • Ocean winds • Lidar observations and
modelling • Wind resource
mapping using satellite data
• Mesoscale modelling • Meteorological mast
observations • Wind farms shadow
effect • Satellite observations
Lidar wind data and model from Horn’s Reef offshore
Satellite winds showing the wake at Horn Reef wind farm. Mean wind speed map using satellite Envisat ASAR.
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Wind Atlas update
Wind atlas for South Baltic 5 km WRF simulations Novel features: • Verification against high (100 m) offshore measurements • Comparison over large spatial extent against QuikScat winds • Climatologies can be calculated for arbitrary periods by applying a wind classification weighting system
Fino 3 at 100m Obs Model
10 m QuikSCAT comparsion
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Wind conditions in complex terrain
13 20 December 2012
Bolund experiment
Mast Positions CFD were used to find the 10 positions
• Well-defined inflow conditions • Roughness change • Steep escarpment / “complex” • Intercomparison study of
numerical micro scale flow models
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Numerical results
14 20 December 2012
Speed-up along line A
2 m
5 m
Speed-up at M1 & M2
Mean Error: 26% Linearized: 35% LES: 26% RANS 1 eqn.: 25% RANS 2 eqn.: 20%
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Wake effects – a complex flow essential for performance and loads
CFD – Large eddy simulation
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Fuga – a new wake model
• Linearised CFD • 106 times faster than
conventional CFD • Supported by Carbon Trust • It Works!
Far
m E
ffic
ien
cy
Wind Direction
Lillgrund
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Validation: Horns Rev data. 8 m/s
19
WT01
WT02
WT03
WT04
WT05
WT06
WT07
WT08
WT11
WT12
WT13
WT14
WT15
WT16
WT17
WT18
WT21
WT22
WT23
WT24
WT25
WT26
WT27
WT28
WT31
WT32
WT33
WT34
WT35
WT36
WT37
WT38
WT41
WT42
WT43
WT44
WT45
WT46
WT47
WT48
WT51
WT52
WT53
WT54
WT55
WT56
WT57
WT58
WT61
WT62
WT63
WT64
WT65
WT66
WT67
WT68
WT71
WT72
WT73
WT74
WT75
WT76
WT77
WT78
WT81
WT82
WT83
WT84
WT85
WT86
WT87
WT88
WT91
WT92
WT93
WT94
WT95
WT96
WT97
WT98
423 424 425 426 427 428 429 430
Easting (km) UTM Zone32
6147
6148
6149
6150
6151
6152
ot
g (
)
222 deg.
270 deg.
Simple closure: νt=κu*z No adjustable parameters!
GL Hassan - offshore workshop
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
• Integrate existing atmospheric and wake models from single wind farm to cluster scale.
• Predict energy yield precisely through simulation.
• Interconnection optimization for grid and offshore wind power plant system service.
• Validation of the newly integrated existing models based on wind farm observations.
EERA-DTOC Integrated design tool
Meteorological data / Cluster layout / Turbine data
Grid data
Wake models
Optimised Cluster Design
System services
Energy yield
Yield models
Grid models
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
The Walney Offshore Wind (WOW) Project
21
•Comprehensive loads validation on a state of the art 3.6MW wind turbine •Collaboration with Siemens Wind Energy and DONG energy
Key Measurements Nacelle mounted LIDAR for wind measurements Wave sonar and Buoy at turbine Accelerometers, strain gauges on Blade root, drive train, tower and foundation
•Scientific Objectives
Validation of the dependencies of design loads Prediction of turbine net damping Advanced wind/wave correlation studies Wake effects on loads
Instrumented Turbine
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
HAWC2 – Risø DTU’s code for wind turbine load and response • A tool for simulation of wind turbine load &
response in time domain. • Normal onshore turbines; 3B, 2B, pitch control, (active)
stall • Offshore turbines (monopiles, tripods, jackets) • Floating turbines (HYWIND, Sway, Poseidon). • Based on a multibody formulation, which gives great
flexibility
• It is a knowledge platform!
• New research/models are continuously implemented and updated.
• Core is closed source. E.g. Structure, aerodynamics, hydrodynamics, solver…
• Submodels are open-source. E.g. water kinematics, standard controllers, generator models.
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Tower base flange, Mx
7.29 7.3 7.31 7.32
x 105
6.176
6.177
6.178
6.179
6.18
6.181
6.182x 10
6
1.9
1.95
2
2.05
2.1
2.15
2.2x 10
4
Topfarm wind farm optimization approach - loads and power
• Optimum wind turbines position for the lowest cost of energy
• Wake modeling using DWM (Dynamic Wake Meandering)
• Quick lookup for power and fatigue loads in a database based on HAWC2 aeroelastic simulations
• Cost function including: Annual energy production and costs of: Turbines, Grid, Foundation and O&M
0.005 0.01 0.015 0.02 0.025
30
210
60
240
90270
120
300
150
330
180
0
Electrical power
7.29 7.3 7.31 7.32
x 105
6.176
6.177
6.178
6.179
6.18
6.181
6.182x 10
6
1.655
1.66
1.665
1.67
1.675
1.68x 10
7
Tower base lifetime fatigue loads in wind farm
Annual energy yield for each turbine
Wind rose
Example: A 20 WT wind farm
Turbines in wake have higher loads produce less energy!!
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
New concepts offshore
21-aug-2008 24
Combined wind and wave energy converters
Floating turbines
Wind turbine
Sub-structure
Grid
O&M Wind turbine
Sub-structure
Grid
O&M
Life cycle costs offshore
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Poseidon: Modeling Challenges
Risø Hawc2 Overview
• Three rotors in one simulation – Structural modeling already possible in the multi-body formulation – Aerodynamic model updated to handle this
• Wake from upwind rotors – Already possible with the dynamic wake meandering model in HAWC2
• Large water surface area • Full coupled HAWC2-WAMSIM simulations
• HAWC2 validated aeroelastic code • WAMSIM validated radiation/diffraction
code for dynamic of floating structures from DHI
• WAMSIM recode to HAWC2 dll-interface format
• Ordinary HAWC2 turbine model • Ordinary WAMSIM model • Full system solved by HAWC2
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
DTU offers • Research cooperation • Software with training • Standardization • Licenses / patents • Technology development services
– Applied R&D – Consulting: Analysis and
studies – Testing & measurements
• Education and training – PhD programmes – Training courses
• Dialogue & access to Danish wind cluster and international network
Industry partners • Wind Turbine manufacturers
– Vestas – Siemens – Gamesa – Repower – GE – Envision – …
• Energy companies – Dong Energy – Vattenfall – EON – …
• Component suppliers – LM – …
26 20 December 2012
Collaboration with industry
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Risø Test Stations – Prototype Testing
Risø 1979
Høvsøre 2007
Østerild 2011
5 test beds < 165 m < 8 MW Spacing 300 m
7 test beds < 250 m < 16 MW Spacing 600 m
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Østerild Test Center
Inaugurated 6 Oct 2012 www.windturbinetest.dk
November 2012
Test bed 1. Total height 210 meter Nominal max power 16 MW Diameter less than 180 meter
Test bed 4 Total height 250 meter Nominal max power 16 MW Diameter less than 230 meter
Specifications for both test sites: Meteorology mast up to 250 meter Distance WT to met mast 500 meter Distance between WT’s 600 meter Average wind speed > 8 m/s
Siemens 6 MW – 154 m
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
R&D experiments and testing at DTU
Commercial testing at Blade Test centre A/S, a private limited company with the following shareholders: Det Norske Veritas AS Technical University of Denmark FORCE Technology
Wind turbine blade testing
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
A large national wind tunnel at Risø Park
Water tower
The ducting
Workshops
Control room
Campus Risø
105m/s, Test section 2.2 x 3.3m
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
International collaboration
International: • IEA Wind R&D • EAWE – European
Academy for Wind Energy • EWEA • European Wind Energy
Technology Platform (EWI) • EERA – Joint programme
on wind energy • Clean Energy Ministry
Initiative (Global wind- and solar atlas)
• Bilateral cooperation
EERA Partners 2012 – 2014
www.eera-set.eu
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Ambition
The EERA Joint Programme on Wind Energy aims at accelerating the realization of the SET-plan goals and to provide added value through: • Strategic leadership of the underpinning
research • Joint prioritisation of research tasks and
infrastructure • Alignment of European and national research
efforts • Coordination with industry, and • Sharing of knowledge and research
infrastructure. .
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Structure of the Joint Programme
The joint programme comprises the following 5 sub-programmes: • Wind Conditions. Coordinated by
Risø DTU in Denmark. • Aerodynamics. Coordinated by
ECN in the Netherlands. • Offshore Wind Energy.
Coordinated by SINTEF in Norway. • Grid Integration. Coordinated by
FhG IWES in Germany. • Research Facilities. Coordinated
by CENER in Spain. • Structures and Materials.
Coordinated by CRES, Greece
Structures and Materials
Wind Conditions
Aerodynamics
Wind Integration
Research Infrastructure Offs
hore
Win
d fa
rms
Application areas
Ena
blin
g re
sear
ch a
reas
27 Research intitutes/universities from 13 European nations
DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark
Integrated Research Programme on Wind Energy – Proposal to EU FP7
SP1 Wind Conditions
SP3 Structures & materials
SP2 Aerodynamics
SP4 Wind integration
SP5 Offshore wind
SP6 research infrastructure
Mob
ility
of re
sear
cher
Infra
stru
ctur
e sh
arin
g
Dis
sem
inat
ion
& ou
treac
h
Man
agam
ent &
ope
ratio
n
Stra
tegy
, DoW
, rep
ortin
g
Wor
ksho
ps Component reliability
Offshore design
Wind integration
Windscanner.eu
DTOC
INNWIND
Coordination & support actions Collaborative projects
Ongoing CPs
Up to €10M per technology area Duration of 4 years
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