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Research AdministrationA Historical Perspective & A Look at the Future
Laurianne Torres, MNM, CRADirector, Research Administration
Department of MedicineDuke University
Tony VentimigliaAssociate Director of Education & Communication
Office of Sponsored ProgramsAuburn University
Justo Torres, CRAAssistant Director, Award Management
Office of Sponsored ResearchUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Objectives
1 • Overview of the Profession of Research AdministrationThe Role of the Research Administrator
2 • History and Evolution of Research AdministrationPartnership between Universities and the Federal Government
3 • Future of Research AdministrationDeveloping Trends
Overview of the ProfessionWhat is a Research Administrator?
Overview of the ProfessionWhat is a Research Administrator?
Research Administrators represent their institutions in diverse matters related to:
Rese
arch
De
velo
pmen
t
Gran
ts a
nd
Cont
ract
s Ad
min
istra
tion
Regu
lato
ry
Com
plia
nce
Insti
tutio
nal
Polic
ies &
Pr
oced
ures
Com
mer
cializ
ation
Econ
omic
Deve
lopm
ent
Overview of the ProfessionWhat Roles Do We Play?
Resource Locator, Scout
Interpreter
Reviewer
Motivator, Catalyst, Advocate
Compliance Expert
Team Builder, Broker
Gatekeeper
Enforcer
Evolution of Research AdministrationExploring the Past – an Historical Timeline
18th
and
19th
Cen
turie
s
Industrial Revolution brings Westward Expansion Railroads Mechanization Farming Civil War
1862
and
189
0Morrill Land-Grant Acts are passed to fund a system of industrial colleges, one in each state.
1914
WWI conflict erupts, Vannevar Bush (NRC) points out lack of cooperation between civilian scientists and the military
June
194
0 National Defense Research Committee (NDRC) is formed, Dr. Bush appointed Chair
May
194
1 Office of Scientific Research & Development (OSRD) is formed, Dr. Bush appointed Director
Nov
embe
r 194
4
President Roosevelt writes to Dr. Bush and asks – What can Government do now and in the future to aid research activities by public and private organizations?
Early
160
0’s
Colleges (Harvard, Yale, Princeton & William and Mary) are established in the Colonies, modeled after Cambridge and Oxford in England.
July
194
5 Dr. Bush responds withScience: The Endless Frontier
1950
National Science Foundation is established
Oct
ober
195
7 Soviets launch Sputnik I and the Space Race begins causing a rapid influx of federal funding for research at colleges and universities
NCURA is established.19
59
University research offices grow (34 in 1960 to 97 in 1970), recognizing the need for the establishment of policy to manage research
1961
-197
0
1958OMB issues
Circular A-21
1948
Council of Governmental Relations (COGR) is established
1980
s-la
te 1
990s
Compliance and unfunded mandates continue to be the theme,as is electronic research administration
Early 1600s Present Day
1976
OSTP is established & OMB issuesCircular A-110
Evolution of Research AdministrationScience: The Endless Frontier (Dr. Vannevar Bush 1890-1974)
Best known for his work on analog computing, his role in the Manhattan Project, the establishment of Raytheon, and the idea of memex (predecessor of the WWW)
Vice President and Dean of Engineering at MIT (1932-1938)
First presidential science advisor
Dr. Vannevar Bush – an American engineer
Evolution of Research AdministrationScience: The Endless Frontier (Dr. Vannevar Bush 1890-1974)
Concerned about the lack of coordination between civilian scientists and the military, Bush writes to President Roosevelt in Science: The Endless Frontier
Stab
ility
of F
unds There must be
stability of funds over a period of years so that long-range programs may be undertaken.
Unb
iase
d Agency should be composed of citizens selected only on the basis of their interest in and capacity to promote the work of the agency.
Prom
ote
& A
dvan
ce The agency should promote research through contracts/grants to organizations outside the Federal Government.
Inde
pend
ent Internal control
of policy, personnel, and the method and scope of the research must be left to the grantees themselves.
Acco
unta
bilit
y Agency must be responsible to the President and Congress.
Evolution of Research AdministrationScience: The Endless Frontier (Dr. Vannevar Bush 1890-1974)
Mission Statement of the National Science Foundation:
“The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent federal agency created by Congress in 1950 ‘to promote the progress of science; to advance the national health, prosperity, and welfare; to secure the national defense…’ With an annual budget of about $6.9 billion, we are the funding source for approximately 20 percent of all federally supported basic research conducted by America's colleges and universities. In many fields such as mathematics, computer science and the social sciences, NSF is the major source of federal backing.”
From the About Us section of the National Science Foundation’s website: http://www.nsf.gov/about/glance.jsp
Evolution of Research AdministrationThe Formation of Research Policy in the U.S.
• The Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP) sets research policy.
Office of Science & Technology Policy3-fold mission
1to provide President and senior staff with accurate, relevant,
and timely scientific and technical advice
on all matters of consequence
2to ensure that the
policies of the Executive Branch are informed by sound
science
3to ensure that the
scientific & technical work of Executive Branch is properly
coordinated to provide greatest benefit to society
Research Administration - PresentMeeting Today’s Challenges
Unfunded MandatesManaging the challenge
Technology EraDoing more with less
Global EconomyFunding priorities and policies
Research Administration - FutureFuture R&D Investments
Natural Resources
Healthcare
Renewable Energy
Global Competition
Population Growth
Global Pandemics
STEM
While it is difficult to speculate what the future holds, there are some economic and social drivers that could impact how the U.S. government invests in research in the coming years.
What are you doing to stay in tune and on top?
Research Administration - FutureLooking Ahead
• Information Technology
• Research Administration around the Globe
• STAR Metrics
Research Administration - FutureSTAR Metrics
Science and Technology for America’s Reinvestment (STAR): measuring the effect of research on Innovation,
Competitiveness and Science.
• STAR METRICS
• Partnership: National Institutes of Health, the National Science Foundation (NSF) and the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP)
• Purpose is to document the outcomes of science investments to the public.
https://www.starmetrics.nih.gov/
Research Administration - FutureSTAR Metrics – 2nd Phase
Scientific Knowledge
Publications and Citations
Economic GrowthPatents and Start-ups Workforce
OutcomesStudent Mobility and Employment Markers
SocialOutcomesLong-term health and Environmental Impact
Research Administration - FutureThe Research Office in the 21st Century
Forty years ago, the membership of NCURA was made up largely of white males. If some of those early members walked into the annual meeting today, they probably would not recognize it as being the same organization. The workforce in research administration has become decidedly more female, and as the Boomer generation bids NCURA adieu, it is a safe prediction that more and more director and manager positions will be filled by women who have grown up in the profession. What other changes might we expect to see in the research administration workforce of the future?
TheResearch
Administration Workforce
of theFuture
NCURA Magazine, September/October 2007 (Volume XXXIX, No. 4)
Research Administration – FutureThe Research Administration Workforce of the Future
NCURA Magazine, September/October 2007 (Volume XXXIX, No. 4)
• Smart managers are diversifying their workforce to provide better support to an increasingly diverse group of researchers. A quick glance down grant titles at one major research university yields projects on everything from Latina literature to the cost of addiction in inner cities to historical studies of the slave trade in North America.
More diverse workforce
• Years ago, Tech Transfer, IRB and IACUC were usually part of the sponsored programs office. That has long since ended at most schools as the need for specialized knowledge of technical issues and concerns over conflict of interest have dictated the need for separate offices. As volume increases, expect jobs to become more narrowly focused.
Increased specialization
• Some universities have already implemented a S2S paperless grant system, and you can “push the button” on grants.gov from any computer with the right software and internet connection. Many already work at off-campus locations with e-mail serving as a primary form of communication. Can telecommuting be far behind?
Telecommuting options
• As the fiscal realities of the early 21st century become apparent, colleges and universities that never paid much attention to extramural funding are opening grants offices and helping their faculty members compete for extramural support. The result will be a larger profession practiced at even more locations.
A growing profession
Research Administration – FutureSuccession Planning: Developing a New Workforce
NCURA Magazine, September/October 2007 (Volume XXXIX, No. 4)
Groom successors for spots that will be vacated
Focus on attracting, retaining and “growing”
experienced staff
Develop processes to retain knowledge and contact
base
Questions or Comments?
Thank You!
Justo Torres, CRAAssistant Director, Award Management
Office Sponsored ResearchUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
(919) 966-3411jtor2173@hotmail.com
Laurianne Torres, MNM, CRADirector, Research Administration
Department of MedicineDuke University919-684-1378
laurianne.torres@duke.edu
“The scene changes, but the aspirations of men of good will persist.” – Dr. Vannevar Bush
Tony VentimigliaAssociate Director of Education & Communication
Office of Sponsored ProgramsAuburn University
334-844-5954ventiaf@auburn.edu
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