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16TH 17TH CENTURY
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ORIGIN: Italy 14th c.
MEANING: Rebirth /rediscovery of classicalRoman past
FOCUS: Human form X Middle Ages Theocentricism
Neoplatonism
Science, medicine, anatomy
EXPLORATION OF THE EARTH
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16th. C.
SOCIAL ORDER:
MONARCH: Elizabeth I
NOBILITY
GENTRY
MERCHANTS
YEOMANRY
LABOURERS
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REGULATION OF DAY BY SUNLIGHT AND PRAYERS.
Conditions of daily life in the Renaissance
depend on gender, class, geographic location,
period, religion...
Urban life X rural life.
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Influenced by the ruling monarch.
Reflect the religious belief of the ruling King
or Queen.
2 dominant religions: Catholics X Protestants.
Begin at home proper manners
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Boys
from 5 to 7 Petty School (read, write &
catechism).
Access also poor boys.
Girls
Members of royaltyshared lessons with brothers
educated in convents.
art of embroidery.
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Availability of food based on economic
and social class.
Public events involving food and drink had
to conform to laws.
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Feasts and banquets great visual effect.
Imported and expensive foods.
Meat: lamb, beef, mutton, pork, goat, bacon,
veal, rabbit, and fowl.
Freshwater , ocean fish and shell fish.
Bread.
Sugar, honey and marzipan
Salt and spices.
New food: tomatoes, potatoes, peppers, tea
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Vegetables and fresh fruit.
Grain.
Dark bread.
Ploughmans Lunch: cheese and bread -workers.
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UPPER CLASSES: ale wine.
LOWER CLASSES: ale.
Apple-wine.
Beer had a very low content of alcohol.
A person would consume about a gallon a
day.
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Religion played an important part in the
diet.
Meat was banned in:
Certain religious observances: on Mondays, Wednesdays,
and Fridays.
Lent and Advent and on the eves of many religious
holidays.
Fasting and abstaining from meat was observed for over
half the days of the year.
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Fashion trends:
Only royalty could wear ermine.
Upper classes dictated fashion, and the middleclass copied details
Upper classes: fine silk, woven as velvet and
brocade, and in jewelry consisting of pearls,
precious metals, and gemstones. Upper-class women: corsets.
Underwear, 15th c.
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Lower classes: simple and drab, made of linen orwool. Colors: dull, mostly black, gray, or brown.
Men wore kneelength pants and jackets with
buttons.
Mens jackets: broader silhouette, shouldersstuffed with straw and other padding.
Women wore long skirts, aprons, and tight
bodices.
Protestants (Calvinists): plain and severe.
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theatre clothes
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lady princess
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also ornate
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UPPER CLASS
Men: wore rings, ropelike necklaces of gold
or silver, and jewels or medallions in their
hat. Women: earrings, rings and bracelets. Long
strings of pearls for necklaces, displaying
stones in a silver or gold setting.
Jewels also bedecked shoes and even fans.LOWER-CLASS
women had a betrothal or wedding ring.
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Life expectancy: 40 years
Arranged marriages.
Wives and children property of husband.
10-15 children: 2-3 survive
Lower classes free to marriage.
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UPPER CLASS: Country mansions: stone, brick
MIDDLE CLASS: constructed of wood.
PEASANTS: Wood or earth, thatched roof and floor of packed dirt or
tiles.
POOR PEOPLE: shantytowns (earth and hay).
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UPPER CLASSES
Hunting
Leisure activities entertained nobility andcommon classes.
Individual and team sports
Dramatics
Music Arts
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Middle, upper-class couples: chess.
Card games, dice, coins, and dominos.
Children board games
Ball games, community members challengedeach other to races, and tournaments.
Women and girls: spectators, unless dancing
was involved.
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Upper classes: tennis popular 16th c.
Classes might mingle in sporting activities.
Peasants were not expected to best
noblemen.
Golf in Scotland.
A version of soccer was played in England.
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