Religions of the Middle east · •I will use an online presentation to complete a religions chart....

Religions

Wednesday, 10/4/17

• We will begin our mini-unit on Religions from around the world.

• I will use an online presentation to complete a religions chart.

By the end of the year, we

Describe how people interact with the environment and how extreme weather and natural disasters affect people and the environment.

Determine the level of development and the standard of living of countries using specific economic factors.

Classify the economic system of a country.

Compare the types of government of specific countries.

Explain how culture spreads around the world.

Compare ways that humans depend on and change the environment.

Describe major world religions and where they are located.

Analyze how technology allows people to live in extreme conditions.

Describe the elements of culture.

Judge how true and useful a piece of information is. (Cite Sources)

Overview

• There are many different religions. We are going to focus on the main ones:Christianity Buddhism

Islam Hinduism

Judaism Sikhism

Animism

As we go through the slides, fill in your Religion Chart

When was the Religion Founded?

• Islam: 610 CE• Judaism: 1300 BCE• Christianity: 1 CE• Hinduism: Around 1500 BCE• Buddhism: 520 BCE• Sikhism: Late 1400s CE

CE means Common Era & takes the place of AD.BCE means Before the Common Era & takes the

place of BC.

Founder / Most Important Person

• Islam: Mohammad

• Judaism: Abraham

• Christianity: Jesus

Founder / Most Important Person

• Hinduism: No Single Founder

• Buddhism: Gautam Buddha

• Sikhism: Guru Nanak

Important Ideas

• Islam: Allah is One person and can’t be divided.

• Judaism: agreement between God and Jews. The Jews obey God, and God makes the Jews his chosen people.

• Christianity: Three part God: Father, Son, and the Holy Spirit. Jesus is the son of God

Important Ideas

• Hinduism: Dharma (ethics and duties), Samsara (rebirth), Karma (right action), Moksha (liberation from the cycle of Samsara)

• Buddhism: Four Noble truths – About suffering and how to end it.

• Sikhism: the oneness of God and the need for people to be devoted to God and to develop God consciousness

• Animism: It is the worship of animals and environmental features.

Place of Origin

• Islam: Middle East

• Judaism: Middle East

• Christianity: Middle East

• Hinduism: India

• Buddhism: India

• Sikhism: India / Pakistan

Where in the World is it Now?

• Islam: Countries of the Middle East, Indonesia, South Eastern Europe

• Judaism: Israel• Christianity: North America, South America, Europe,

Australia, Parts of Africa, Russia• Buddhism, Hinduism, Sikhism: India• Animism: Mainly in Africa

Note: All the religions are locatedeverywhere. These are the places where they are predominant.

How many Gods?

• Islam: Monotheistic• Judaism: Monotheistic• Christianity: Monotheistic• Hinduism: Polytheistic• Buddhism: Polytheistic• Sikhism: Monotheistic

• Monotheistic: Belief in ONE God.• Polytheistic: Belief in MANY gods.

Sacred Text

• Islam: Koran or Qur’an

• Judaism: Torah

• Christianity: Bible

• Hinduism: Vedas

• Buddhism: Tipaka

• Sikhism: Guru Granth Sahib

Symbol of the Religion

• Islam: Crescent Moon and Star

• Judaism: Star of David

• Christianity: Cross

• Hinduism: Om

• Buddhism: Dharmachakra

• Sikhism: Khanda

Important Religious Holidays

• Islam: Ramadan – Month of Fasting

Holy Pilgrimage – Journey to Mecca

• Judaism: Hanukah - eight-days commemorating the rededication of the Holy Temple

Rosh Hashanah – Jewish New Year

• Christianity: Christmas – Birth of Jesus

Easter – Resurrection of Jesus

Important Religious Holidays

• Hinduism: Diwali, Pooja (for various gods and goddesses), and Mahashivatrati.

• Buddhism: Vesak – Birth of Buddha

• Sikhism: festivals marking the birthday or martyrdom of a Guru

Place of Worship

• Islam: Mosque

• Judaism: Synagogue

• Christianity: Church

Place of Worship

• Hinduism: Temple

• Buddhism: Temple

• Sikhism: Temple

Different Religious Branches

• Islam: Sunni & Shi’ite and many more

• Judaism: Orthodox & Conservative & Reform and more.

• Christianity: Catholic & Protestant (Many different branches) & Eastern Orthodox and many more.

Different Religious Branches

• Hinduism: Vaishnavism, Shaivism, Smartismand Shaktism

• Buddhism: Theravada ("The School of the Elders") and Mahayana ("The Great Vehicle")

• Sikhism: Khalsa or Singhs, Keshdhari, Sahajdharis Sikhs

Special Clothing for Average Person

• Islam: Hijabs Burkas

• Judaism: Yarmulke

• Christianity: None required

Special Clothing for Average Person

• Hinduism: Sari

• Buddhism: Robes

• Sikhism: Turban

Misc. Things about the Religions

• Islam: Sharia Law (Islamic Religious Law) –Deals with all aspects of day-to-day life. Very Strict.

• Judaism: Holocaust – 6 million Jews killed by Nazis during World War II.

• Christianity: 10 Commandments – Moral and Ethical system for Christians.

Misc. Things about the Religions

• Hinduism: Believe in Reincarnation

• Buddhism: Believe in Reincarnation

• Sikhism: Cutting hair is strictly forbidden in Sikhism.

• Animism: Believe that spirits are in everything, inanimate and alive.