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1st NNR Regulatory Information Conference
Regulatory Experience and Lessons
Learned for Newcomers
KINS Sang-Yun KIM
CONTENTS
1. Introduction
2. Independence and Competency of
Regulatory Body
3. Public Communication
4. Regulatory Infrastructure Support
Program for Newcomer Countries
5. Concluding Remarks
Introduction
Current Status of Nuclear Installations
Daejeon
Hanbit
(Younggwang)
Kori
Hanul (Ulchin)
Wolsong In Operation : 25 Units
Under Construction : 5 Units
Low & Intermediate-Level Waste
Disposal Facility
Gyeongju
Nuclear Power Plants
30MW Research Reactor
HANARO
3
5 NPPs under construction (5 X 1,400 MW)
2 NPPs applied for construction permit (2 X 1,400 MW)
1 Research reactor applied for construction permit
Plant Name Reactor
Type
CP
applied
CP
granted
OL
applied
OL
granted
Commercial
Operation
Shin-Kori 3 APR1400 Mar 2003
Apr 2008
Jun 2011
Oct 2015 2016
Shin-Kori 4 Under Review 2017
Shin-Hanul 1,2
APR1400 Sep 2008 Dec 2011
Dec 2014 Under Review
Shin-Kori 5,6
APR1400 Sep 2012 Jun 2016
Shin-Hanul 3,4
APR1400 Dec 2015 Under
Review
Kijang
Research
Reactor
Research
Reactor
(15MWt)
Nov 2014 2016/2017 2018 2019/2020 2020
Accomplished To be
Box Color
Future Plan of Nuclear Installations
4
Regulatory Framework
Policy making, Authorization,
Administration and Enforcement actions
Technical decision
through review, assessments, and inspections
Korea
Institute of
Nuclear Safety
5
Overview of KINS
Key Services
Nuclear Safety Regulation
Radiation Safety Regulation
Environmental Monitoring
Radiological Emergency
Preparedness
Development of
Safety Standards, Criteria
and Regulatory Technologies
Establishment of Technical
Bases for Nuclear & Radiation
Safety Regulation
Established in February 1990 as an independent expert organization,
according to Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety Act.
Nuclear Safety Center in 1981 as an internal organization of KAERI
Mission : Protect the public and preserve the environment from radiological
disasters caused by the production or use of nuclear energy.
Annual Budget : $94.6 million („16) 61% from Licensees 13% from R&D
20% from Government 6% from Others
Total Staff : 518 (Sept. „16)
Technical Staff : 459 (88%)
SAFETY REVIEW AND INSPECTION ON NUCLEAR FACILITIES
6
Independence and Competency
of Regulatory Body
Regulatory Framework Change
Before October 2011, the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (MEST) was
responsible for nuclear safety licensing and regulation as well as nuclear-related R&D
activities.
Lingering concerns on nuclear safety regulatory independence
* Ministry of Knowledge and Economy (MKE) → nuclear energy promotion
Nuclear regulatory reform initiatives was ongoing in the National Assembly.
3 bills, introduced by legislators during July 2009 ~ March 2010 with a common
goal of establishing a standalone independent nuclear regulatory body
Regulatory reform process was accelerated after the Fukushima Accident in March
2011.
On October 26, 2011, NSSC was founded as an independent commission and a
regulatory body responsible for nuclear safety, security, and non-proliferation.
Background of NSSC (Nuclear Safety & Security Commission)
8
Regulatory Framework Change
Independence of regulatory decision process was more strengthened after
establishment of NSSC .
→ Commission shall not be directed by the Prime Minister.(Nuclear Safety Act)
Improvement of work specialty and consistency of the government officials because of
no movement to other department other than nuclear safety regulation
President
Prime Minister
MEST
KINS / KINAC
Secretariat
Office
NSSC
Nuclear Safety Committee
President
Prime Minister
MSIP Other
Ministries
Technical
Committee Other
Ministries
R&D Activities
KINS / KINAC
Regulations
R&D Activities
Nuclear Regulatory Bureau
MEST : Ministry of Education, Science and Technology
MSIP : Ministry of Science , ICT and Future Planning
Before Oct. 2011 Present
9
IT Support System
Operating Experience Feedback System for the Regulatory Activities
KINS completed the development of R-Tracer to establish Operating Experience
Feedback (OEF) system for preventing recurrences of similar events in 2013 through
around 7 year‟s endeavors.
→ R-Tracer : Web-based tracking system for the implementation of regulation
R-Tracer as an IT OEF system consists of
CATS: Corrective Action Tracking System → Focused management of corrective
actions of the reported events from the domestic operators
SIMS: Safety regulatory Issues Management System → Comprehensive management
of regulatory issues drawn by foreign and domestic operational experience
DIOS: Dissemination of Incident & Operational experience System → Storage and
analysis of foreign and domestic operational experience
OPIS: Operational Performance Information System → Dissemination of NPP event
information to the public promptly
HuRAM: Human related event Root cause Analysis Method → Understanding
inadequate human performance and trend analysis of root causes of the events
10
IT Support System
NSSC
NSSC notice
2014-17
11
IT Support System
Radiological Emergency Planning & Preparedness System
AtomCARE (computerized technical advisory system )
– Technical support to the central and local government for the protection of residents in
emergency situations
– Assisting the IAEA emergency preparedness system
Functions of Components Module Systems
• Safety Information Display System (SIDS)
• Radiological Emergency Meteorological Data Acquisition
System (REMDAS)
• Automatic Information Notification System (AINS)
• Source Term Estimation System (STES)
• Accident Dose Assessment Model (ADAMO)
• Geographical Information System (GIS)
• Emergency Response Information eXchange (ERIX)
12
Improving Technical Expertise of Regulatory Staffs
Training & Education
Safety Research
Research project (2012 ~ 2016)
Development of regulatory technology for safety assessment of extreme natural
hazards ; Development of the regulatory assessment technology for the safety
issues concerning severe accidents, etc.
Average annual research fund for 4 years of KINS : 9.7 million US$
Regulatory & Technical Information Exchange Meeting
Courses required by law such as Radiation Protection & Emergency Preparedness
Course, Regulatory Inspection Course
Regulatory Professional Technology Course
Courses on nuclear facilities and systems ; Advanced courses on regulatory
practices ; Technical courses on current regulatory issues, etc.
2016 Regulatory Information Conference in Korea : 19th, 1,514 participants
Annual Symposium and Workshop of 6 Technical Areas : Safety analysis, mechanical,
structural, I&C, etc.
Participation of Technical Committee Activities : KEPIC (Korea Electric Power Industry
Code), ASME, ACI, etc.
13
Full Size Simulator (Shin-Kori Unit 3, APR1400)
Large Display
Panel Safety
Console
Operator
Console
Very useful facility for improving regulator’s capability for
Review and inspection on EOP, MMIS, new design, design change, etc.
Analysis and evaluation on events and accidents
Improving Technical Expertise of Regulatory Staffs
14
Public Communication
Background
Increased public concern for long-term operated NPPs even new construction of
NPPs since the Fukushima accident
Growing opposition and distrust from both the residents near NPPs and the
general public
Strong demonstration and resistance staged by anti-nuclear groups and
environmentalists
Need to address the negative social perception on NPPs since the Fukushima
accident in addition to technical problems raised during safety review process as a
regulator
Important to make the public trust regulators
Need to actively communicate with the public
Facilitate trust-building among stakeholders leading to “public relief” rather than
persuading simply technical details on “safety”
Encourage the operator, who has the primary responsibility for NPP safety, to
actively communicate with the public & residents
16
Efforts to Secure Public Trust
The „Learn and Experience about Nuclear Safety‟ is a public reach out training
program developed and operated by KINS to facilitate understanding and acceptance
of nuclear safety regulation,
It has been provided for elementary, middle and high school students/parents,
teachers, civic groups and opinion leaders of the communities around nuclear power
plants.
Around 180 classes, 8,500 participants annually during 2011~2015
Public Program ‘Learn and Experience about Nuclear Safety’
Enhance Transparency of Safety Regulations to Obtain Public Trust
Expand the scope of disclosure of nuclear safety information to the public through
NSIC (Nuclear Safety Information Center) and communicate actively
Full safety review report on continued operation of Wolsong unit 1, and operating
license of Shin-kori unit 3, etc.
Make multifaceted efforts to activate the disclosure of information related to nuclear
power plants and to facilitate a constant communication with local communities
Establishment of Local Nuclear Safety Dialog Committee at each NPP sites
Established in Kori site in 2013 first, 40 meetings in 4 NPP sites in 2015
17
NSIC
NSIC (Nuclear Safety Information Center) since 2003
NSSC/KINS operate a designated portal site to provide information about nuclear
safety activities.
Nuclear Safety Information Center (http://nsic.nssc.go.kr), only available in Korean, not in English
18
Regulatory Infrastructure Support
Program for Newcomer Countries
Regional Safety Networks of KINS
Asian Nuclear
Safety Network
(ANSN, 13 countries)
Arab Network of
Nuclear Regulators
(ANNuR, 22 countries)
Forum of
Nuclear Regulatory
Bodies in Africa
(FNRBA, 33 countries)
Regulatory Cooperation
with Jordan
Regulatory
Cooperation with
UAE
Education and
Training for
Egypt through
ODA
Regulatory Capacity
Building Through
International
Partnership
20
UAE NPP Project (KINS-FANR Cooperation)
Advanced Power Reactor 1400 (APR1400)
Evolutionary-type reactor with a capacity of 1400 MWe
Design with the concept of standardized plant
Design based on ALWR requirement (K-URD)
Incorporation of construction & operation experiences of OPR1000
Based on System 80+ design features (DC in May 1997 by USNRC)
CP&OL Applicant: ENEC (Emirates Nuclear Energy Corporation)
21
Jordan Research & Training Reactor Project
Reactor Capacity: 5MW (Up-gradable to 10MW)
CP&OL Applicant: JAEC (Jordan Atomic Energy Commission)
Site Location: Inside of JUST (Irbid, Jordan)
Schedule: Aug. 2010 ~ 2016
Supporting EMRC as a Regulatory Body of the Country of Origin.
• OJT
• Provide Tech. Lectures
• Tech. mentoring
• KINS-KAIST Int‟l Nuclear Safety
Master‟s Degree Program
JRTR Licensing
Staff E & T
Building
Regulatory
Infra structure
Safety of
JRTR
• Support Safety Review
• Support Inspection(QA, POI, Commissioning Test, etc.)
• Consultation for regulatory frameworks
• Provide guidance documents
• Sharing the experience & knowledge
22
Education and Training Program of KINS
E&T Program in INSS (International Nuclear Safety School) (http://inss.kins.re.kr)
Co-host Training Courses with the IAEA
Basic Professional Training Course
Regulatory Control Training Course
Trainer Training Course
Tailored Professional Training Courses
Individual OJT Course
Special OJT course for NPP construction
International Nuclear Safety Master‟s Degree Program
Operated jointly with Korea‟s Higher Education Institute, KAIST
Full Scholarship awarded for 1.5 years
23
Course Type
Related Org.
Course Title Duration Place No. of trainee
Co-host
Training
Courses
ANSN
Joint KINS-IAEA Basic Professional Training Course on Nuclear Safety for Regulators
4-15 May Tunisia 22
IAEA/ANSN Regional Workshop on Nuclear Safety for Regulators (Radiation Safety)
7-11 Sep.
KINS
12
IAEA/ANSN Regional Workshop on Regulatory Control of NPPs
26-30 Oct. 15
IAEA/ANSN Regional Workshop of Basic Professional Training Course on Nuclear Safety 16-27 Nov. 28
Regional
Network
Training
ANNUR Safety and Regulation of Radioactive Sources 1-11 Jun. KINS 36
Regulatory Inspection on Research Reactors 25-29 Oct. Egypt 19
FNRBA Establishment and Development of Nuclear Regulatory Bodies
31-10 Aug. – Sep.
Ghana 28
Courses
by
Countries
Bahrain Improvement of Radiation Safety Training Capabilities 6-10 Dec. Bahrain 33
Tunisia National Centre for Nuclear Science and Technology 14-18 Dec. Tunisia 40
DR Congo Nuclear Power Plant Construction and its Regulatory Activities
11-15 Jan. DR
Congo 40
Other Workshops
National Workshop on the Establishment of Human Resource Development Plan
2-5 Jun.
KINS
15
IAEA/ANSN GRITG Workshop 8-12 Jun. 18
IAEA/ANSN EPRTG Workshop 7-11 Dec. 12
International E&T Results(’15 FY)
24
International E&T Results(cont’d)
1st Course 2009 - 2010
2nd Course 2010 – 2011
3rd Course 2011 - 2012
4th Course 2012 - 2013
5th Course 2013 - 2014
6th Course 2014 - 2015
25
Concluding Remarks
Based on our experience, endeavors to improve the independence
and competency of regulatory bodies in Korea were introduced.
Regulatory framework change after Fukushima accident
IT support systems (R-tracer, AtomCARE)
Technical expertise improvement of regulatory staffs (safety
research, training & education, Korean RIC)
Major efforts to improve the public communication considering the
negative social perception on NPPs after Fukushima accident were
introduced.
Nuclear Safety Information Center, Local Nuclear Safety Dialogue
Committee, etc.
26
Concluding Remarks
For taking a shortcut to develop the nuclear regulatory system,
cooperation between experienced countries and newcomers is
particularly meaningful.
Korea is willing to share nuclear technologies and regulatory
experiences learned and accumulated during the past five decades
with newcomers.
27
Nuclear Technology
Regulatory Experience
Newcomers
Recommended