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Recirculating Aquaculture Technology
Recirculating Aquaculture Technology
Project Presentation
December 2009Prepared for: ecoGROW
MIRABEL, CANADA, J7N 2H4
Recirculating Aquaculture Technology
Recirculating Aquaculture Technology
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
PART I•1.INTRODUCTION
•2.POTENTIALFISHPRODUCTIONPLANTPROJECT
•3.POTENTIALALLOCATIONOFPRODUCTIONCAPACITYPER FISHSPECIES
•4.PROPOSEDCONSTRUCTIONPHASES
PART II•1.SUMMARYOFPROJECTEDSALES&GROSSMARGIN
PART III•1.GENERALCOMMENTSONTHEECONOMICVALUEAND
MARKET
POTENTIALOFDIFFERENTFISHSPECIES•2.MARKETINGOFFISHPRODUCTION
PART IV•1.WORLDFISHPRODUCTION
•2.ISSUESFACINGWORLDFISHPRODUCTION
•3.ISSUESFACINGAQUACULTURE&FISHERYPRODUCTS
•4.FAOREPORT-CIRCULARNO.1017/2
•5.WORLDAQUACULTUREPRODUCTIONTOP15PRODUCING NATIONS
APPENDICES•APPENDIXIFAONATIONALAQUACULTURESECTOR
OVERVIEW
Recirculating Aquaculture Technology
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Aquacultureisdeveloping,expandingandintensifyinginalmostallregionsoftheworld.Globalpopulation demand for aquatic food products is increasing, the production from capturefisheries has leveled off, andmost of themain fishing areas have reached theirmaximumpotential.Sustainingfishsuppliesfromcapturefisherieswill,therefore,notbeabletomeetthegrowingglobaldemandforaquaticfood.( The State of World Fisheries And Aquaculture 2006 , FAO of the United Nations, Rome, March 2007 )
UAEandSaudiArabiaarenetimporteroffishforanamountestimatedto100Millions$and200Millions$respectivelyin2006,anincreaseof21%overthepreviousyear.Besidemoreexoticspecies like troutandarcticsalmon,Tilapia isamarketwinner,aswellasnew introductionBarramundiwhichhavebeengainingverylargeacceptanceonNorthAmericanandEuropeanmarketsoverthelast10yearsThecurrentfoodfishconsumptionpercapitaisaverage,at18,6kilogramsperpersonperyearinUAE,andonly8,5KginSaudiArabia,Vs60KgperpersoninJapanand24KgperpersoninChinaandUSA.( IFPRI / WorldFish Centre : FISH TO 2020 Supply and Demand in Changing Global Markets, & FAONational aquaculture sector overview )
Fishproductionisbigbusinessontheinternationaltrade.In1984thenetexportsearningsintermofforeignexchangewasUS$5billion;in2004thevaluewasmorethanUS$20billion,afourfoldincrease.Nootheragriculturalproductscomeevenclose.( The State of World Fisheries And Aquaculture 2006 , FAO of the United Nations, Rome, March 2007 )
Fishproductionusingconventionalaquaculturesystems,outdoorponds,cages, tanks,etc.have important limitations; in most instances, inability to control quality of water, weatherchanges,predators,fishdiseasesandhighmortality,resultinginlowproductivity,inconsistencyin fishproduction&qualityandsevere treat to theenvironment.TheFoodandAgricultureOrganizationofUnitedNationshavehighlightedinsomeof itsstudies,theintensificationofaquaculturefarmingsystemsincludingtheadoptionofRecirculatingsystemsasawayforwardtoalleviateproblemscausedbyconventionalaquaculture..( FAO Fisheries Circular No. 1017/2, REGIONAL REVIEW ON AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT)
Intensive Recirculating Aquaculture System (RAS), offers a safe and healthy alternative,controllingallfactorstoproduceupto20timesmorethanponds,cageorflowingtroughfishfarmingsystems,andatthesametimebringingconsistencyandqualityfishproduction.Italsobringthepossibilitytoinstallproductionunitsclosertomarket,thusreducingdeliverycostswhilebringingafresherecologicalproducttotheconsumer.
Recirculating Aquaculture Technology
The Hydronov Intensive Recirculation Aquaculture Systemisaclosedsystem,spreadover24independentandindividuallycontrolledpoolsperhectare.Wateriscirculatedcontinuouslyto guarantee optimum growing conditions, and passed through mechanical filtration, UVsterilizationandbiologicalenhancement.Oxygenisprovidedandfreshwateraddedataratevaryingfrom5to10%perday.
Atypicalproductionunitcanstartfromaminimal1Hectaresizeandexpandasneededupto20Hectaresandmoreifmarketandwaterresourcesallowit.TheinitialproductiontargetshouldfocusonwellestablishedfreshwaterspeciesasArcticChar,Barramundi,Trout,Yellow&SilverPerch,Tilapiaandintroduceprogressivelymoreexoticand/orlocalspecies.
The typicalproductivitywillbeoscillating from1,000metric tonsper1Hectaremodule forcoldwaterfishlikeArcticCharto2,000tonsper1HamoduleforwarmwaterfishlikeTilapia.
Thiscomparesverypositivelywithatypicalproductionof30to50tonsperHectareforthepondsystemunderthebestconditions.
The investment cost for the 1 Hectare module isestimatedat4,5M$fortheRecirculatingAquacultureSystemandrelatedequipment,while1,5M$willbeneeded for the buildings and infrastructure. Savingscanbemadeonbuildingsandinfrastructureaccordingtoexistentsonprojectedsite.
Sufficientlandforfutureexpansionneedtobesecure,with access to sufficient fresh water of acceptablequality.
Theaverageprojectedcashflowprofitpermodule is1,5to2M$,carryingapotentialreturnoninvestment(ROI)of25to35%.
Although this technology, installedclose toconsumermarkets,will favoureasydistributionoffreshfish,thereisalsoanimportantpotentialfordownstreamactivities,fromfilletingandfreezingtoextractionofOmega3fishoilanduseofTilapiaskinforfineleatherprocessing.
Recirculating Aquaculture Technology
PART I
1. INTRODUCTION
HydroNov’s RecirculatingAquaculture System ( RAS ) is a closed system spread over 24independentand individuallycontrolledpoolsparhectare.Water iscirculatedcontinuouslyto guarantee optimum growing conditions, and passed through mechanical filtration, UVsterilizationandbiologicalenhancement.Oxygenisprovidedandfreshwateraddedataratevaryingfrom5to10%perday.
The features of HydroNov’s RAS are as follows : -
> Each 1 Hectare module consists of:
• 24independentproductionpoolsmeasuring27mX9mX1,2m
• 6purificationpoolstopreparefishformarket
• 1stabulationsectiontoraisesmallfishfromfingerlings
• 1hatcherysectiontoraisefingerlingsfromeggs
• Controlroom&laboratory
• Dry&coldstoragearea
• Electrical&heatingequipmentroom
• Administrativeoffice&workersarea
Recirculating Aquaculture Technology
Different types of pools according to space and building configuration
Recirculating Aquaculture Technology
Different building types
Hard Roof Building
Insulated Roof Greenhouse
Insulated Roof Mega Dome
Advantages of HydroNov’s RAS
• Reducedwaterrequirementsby95%vsflowtroughsystems
• Waterqualitycontrolbringingcompletefoodsafety,freefrom contaminationbyheavymetal,growthhormone,antibiotics, pesticides……..
• Highstockingdensity&efficientfeedconversion ratiobringingupproductionoutput20timesmore thanconventionalpondfarmingsystem
• Siteflexibility&yearroundstableproductionof healthyfish
• Wastemanagementcontrolandtreatment, withnoadverseimpactonenvironment
• LowproductioncostsVspotentialsalesprices
• Ahighlevelofintegratedbio-security,makingitpossibletoimplement allcertificationprocesslikeGREENFOOD,HACCP,HALAL,….
TilapiaFingerlings
EggsfromTilapia
MaleTilapiaColours
TilapiaFingerlings
Recirculating Aquaculture Technology
2. POTENTIAL FISH PRODUCTION PLANT PROJECT
To illustrate thepotential of the technology,wewill usea typical 30HaproductionprojectproducingseveralfishspeciesadaptedtoSouth-EastAsiamarket,asthiseconomicmodelhasbeendevelopedforthispartoftheworld;theseproductionchoicesandnumbersshouldbefurtheradaptedtoMexicomarket.Theproposedfishproductionplantcomprises30X1HaModuleswithaprojected720productionpools,ona40Haland.
Wedonotrecommendtostartwithsuchadiversifiedproductionandsolargeascale,butweusethisexample todemonstrate thedifferencesbetweendifferent typesof fish.TheactualstrategytowardstheCanadamarketneedstobefurtherdiscussed,butitappearscertainlywisetostartrelativelysmallandexpandasmarketpenetrationisestablished.
Whenselectingsites,itwillbeimportanttokeepinmindfutureexpansionneedsintermsofland,waterandelectricitycapacity.
HydroNov’s RecirculatingAquaculture System ( RAS ) offers the flexibility to schedule theproductionoffishspeciesaccordingtomarketdemands.
Adetailedpermutationofthenumberofmodulesandpoolsforthevariousspeciestomaximizeproductionandprofitabilitycanbecarriedoutmathematically.
ThefollowingallocationofnumberofmodulesandpoolsperspecieonthenextpagearejustexamplesoffishspeciesthatcanbegrowninHydroNov’sRAS.Theyarebynomeansfixed.Newspeciesarebeingadaptedtoaquacultureeveryyear
Recirculating Aquaculture Technology
Seafood consumption per person in Japan was approximately 60 kg in 2002.
This is nearly three times as much as that of the U.S., the EU or China where consumption per person is around 20 kg.
The worldwide trend shows that the amount of consumption, which used to be less than 10 kg in the 1960’s, is increasing gradually and became 16 Kg in 2002. This increase in consumption can be found around the world.
Consumption in Korea, China, the U.S. and Europe is increasing significantly, while that of Japan is peaking.
Recirculating Aquaculture Technology
AccordingtoFAO,productionwillnotbeabletosatisfydemandandthedeficitin2030wouldbealmost92milliontons.
Thisforecastdeficitwillhaveamajorimpactontrade,aslessproductwillbeavailablefortradetodevelopedcountries,andSouth-Southtradeshouldexpand.
Pricesareexpectedtogoup,whichinturnwillhamperdemand
Deutsche Aquakulturtechnolgie in der EZ – Erfahrungen, Herausforderungen und Märkte Bremen, 20 Januar 2004
OUTLOOK: TRADE(1,000 MT)
-100,000
-50,000
0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030Demand - growing per capita consumptionAquacultureCaptureSurplus/Deficit
Recirculating Aquaculture Technology
3. ISSUES FACING TRADITIONAL AQUACULTURE & FISHERY PRODUCTS
a.Lowproductionyieldfromtraditionalaquaculturesystemandconstantchallengetomeetenvironmentalstandards.
b.Increasingtrendinimportationoffoodfish,whileMiddleEastimportsinthissectorreached200Millions$in2006,anincreaseof21%overpreviousyear.
c.Quality&FoodSecurityinimportedFisheriesProducts•LackinQualityControlandFoodSafetyPractices•NonConformingtoExportStandard
d.Naturalcatchreduction•Likeeverywhereelseintheworld,over-fishedareasfailtomeetdemand•CanadahasexperienceditwiththeAtlanticCodsituationinthenineties•Mexicosawthesamewithanchoviesbackintheeighties
4. FAO REPORT - CIRCULAR NO. 1017/2 “ REGIONAL REVIEW ON AQUACULTURE DEVELOPMENT”
InPARTIIoftheaboveCircular,page53,SectionV,PRIORITIES........
Farming systems, technologies and species Paragraph39,says
“Theissueonfarmingsystemsandtechnologieswasseenbytheexpertsasveryimportantforexpansionofthesector.Itwasnotedthat,duetothegeographicaldifferencesoftheregion,eachcountrymayrequiredifferentsystems.
The intensification of aquaculture farming systems including the adoption ofrecirculatingsystemswasseenasawayforward.“
Recirculating Aquaculture Technology
2000 2002 2004 2005 2000 2002 2004 2005
000's tonnes
000's tonnes
000's tonnes
000's tonnes
China 24,790 27,767 30,615 32,414 1 1 1 1
India 1,942 2,187 2,472 2,838 2 2 2 2
Vietnam 499 703 1,199 1,437 7 7 3 3
Indonesia 789 914 1,045 1,197 3 4 4 4
Thailand 738 955 1,173 1,144 5 3 5 5
Bangladesh 657 787 915 882 6 6 6 6
Japan 763 827 776 746 4 5 7 7
Chile 392 546 675 698 11 9 8 8
Norway 491 550 638 657 8 8 9 9
Philippines 394 444 512 557 10 11 10 10
Egypt 340 376 471 540 12 12 11 11
Myanmar 99 190 400 475 15 15 12 12
USA 456 497 607 472 9 10 13 13
Korea Rep 293 297 406 436 13 14 14 14
Taiwan PC 244 330 318 305 14 13 15 15
32,887 37,370 42,222 44,798
Producer (metric tonnes)
Aquaculture Production Ranking in the World5. WORLD AQUACULTURE PRODUCTION: TOP 15 PRODUCING NATIONS
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