Reasons & Evidence Authors Use to Support Points in a Text

Reasons & Reasons & Evidence Authors Evidence Authors

Use to Support Use to Support Points in a TextPoints in a Text

Tip 1. Decide how the author’s choices show his or her purpose for writing.

• Inform—to give information full of facts; contains few opinions or feelings; If there are 2 sides, they are presented fairly.

• Persuade—Trying to make the reader agree with an opinion; uses facts to support the writer’s views; If there are 2 sides to an issue, one is presented as the best.

What kind of information does David What kind of information does David Wilson use in his letter? Wilson use in his letter?

A.How calculators work

B.Why calculators are helpful

C.Groups that make calculators

D.The history of calculators

What kind of information does David What kind of information does David Wilson use in his letter? Wilson use in his letter?

A.How calculators work

B.Why calculators are helpful

C.Groups that make calculators

D.The history of calculators

Tip 2. Decide whether the author supports his/her idea.

•Authors should back up their ideas with reasons and evidence.

•Reason—Tells readers why they should accept information or an opinion

•Evidence--Information that supports an idea, details, examples, and facts; supplies proof for reasons.

Types of Evidence

•Facts—Can be proven true

•Eyewitness Account—Someone’s firsthand description of an event

•Expert Opinion—Opinion of an expert who knows a great deal about the topic

•Personal Beliefs/Views—The author’s opinion of the topic

Partner Talk:

1.Which evidence from his letter offers the best support for allowing calculators to be used in schools?

2.Why is the evidence the best support?

-Ask yourself how the author supports his -Ask yourself how the author supports his or her ideas. Is the author making or her ideas. Is the author making statements of fact or opinion?statements of fact or opinion?

-Find a statement of fact from David -Find a statement of fact from David Wilson’s letter. Wilson’s letter.

-Find a statement of opinion from David -Find a statement of opinion from David Wilson’s letter. Wilson’s letter.

Tip 3. Decide whether a statement is a fact or opinion

Let’s Practice!!!Let’s Practice!!!

Babe Ruth was the most talented Babe Ruth was the most talented baseball player of all time. In 1927, he hit baseball player of all time. In 1927, he hit 60 home runs in a single season, a record 60 home runs in a single season, a record that lasted for 34 years. When he retired in that lasted for 34 years. When he retired in 1935, Ruth had hit a total of 714 home runs. 1935, Ruth had hit a total of 714 home runs. This major-league record lasted for 39 This major-league record lasted for 39 years. years.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------~What claim does the writer make? ~What claim does the writer make? ~What kind of evidence does the writer use to ~What kind of evidence does the writer use to support this claim? support this claim?

~What claim does the writer make? ~What claim does the writer make? ~What kind of evidence does the ~What kind of evidence does the writer use to support this claim? writer use to support this claim? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------The writer claims that Babe Ruth was the most The writer claims that Babe Ruth was the most talented baseball player of all time. talented baseball player of all time. He gives He gives several facts as evidence to support this claim. several facts as evidence to support this claim. He He states that in 1927, he hit 60 home runs, which set states that in 1927, he hit 60 home runs, which set a record that lasted for 34 years. During his career a record that lasted for 34 years. During his career he hit 714 homeruns—this record lasted 39 years. he hit 714 homeruns—this record lasted 39 years.

Seagulls are annoying birds. They are a nuisance Seagulls are annoying birds. They are a nuisance and a pest to everything around them. Have you ever and a pest to everything around them. Have you ever heard their squawking and crying? It’s enough to drive a heard their squawking and crying? It’s enough to drive a person crazy. They are even annoying to look at. Their person crazy. They are even annoying to look at. Their feathers are messy and their splotchy grey and brown color feathers are messy and their splotchy grey and brown color is ugly. is ugly.

Last week at the beach, I saw an entire flock of Last week at the beach, I saw an entire flock of seagulls attacking a man and woman who were eating seagulls attacking a man and woman who were eating lunch. They waved and yelled at the diving gulls. The gulls lunch. They waved and yelled at the diving gulls. The gulls kept diving at them. The screaming birds stole their french kept diving at them. The screaming birds stole their french fries and hamburgers. When the gulls were finished with fries and hamburgers. When the gulls were finished with their stolen meal, they picked from the garbage pails and their stolen meal, they picked from the garbage pails and littered the beach with trash. This is not the first time I’ve littered the beach with trash. This is not the first time I’ve seen this happen. seen this happen.

1. Which sentence from the passage is an 1. Which sentence from the passage is an opinion? opinion?

A. Seagulls are annoying birds. A. Seagulls are annoying birds.

B. The screaming birds stole their french fries and B. The screaming birds stole their french fries and hamburgers.hamburgers.

C. The gulls kept diving at them. C. The gulls kept diving at them.

D. This is not the first time I’ve seen this happen. D. This is not the first time I’ve seen this happen.

1. Which sentence from the passage is an 1. Which sentence from the passage is an opinion? opinion?

A. Seagulls are annoying birds. A. Seagulls are annoying birds.

B. The screaming birds stole their french fries and B. The screaming birds stole their french fries and hamburgers.hamburgers.

C. The gulls kept diving at them. C. The gulls kept diving at them.

D. This is not the first time I’ve seen this happen. D. This is not the first time I’ve seen this happen.

2. What kind of evidence does the author use in 2. What kind of evidence does the author use in the passage? the passage?

A. expert opinionA. expert opinion

B. scientific factsB. scientific facts

C. eyewitness accountC. eyewitness account

D. personal viewsD. personal views

2. What kind of evidence does the author use in 2. What kind of evidence does the author use in the passage? the passage?

A. expert opinionA. expert opinion

B. scientific factsB. scientific facts

C. eyewitness accountC. eyewitness account

D. personal viewsD. personal views

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