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R&D Support for Near-Term
Bioenergy Opportunities in Canada
Jonathan Martin
Program Leader, Bioenergy Systems
International Wood Biorefining Week
May 25, 2016
Outline
1. Energy Opportunities in Canada
2. Forestry and Remote Communities in Canada
3. Introduction to NRC
4. NRC Research Support for Bioenergy
5. Areas of Focus for Collaboration
2
3
$0.089 $0.26
$0.13 n/a $0.079
n/a
$0.14 $0.17
$0.069 $0.40
$0.13 $0.14
$0.11 n/a
$0.15 $0.26
n/a $0.26
n/a $0.26
n/a $0.60
$0.12 n/a
Provincial residential rate ($/kWh, based on 1,000kWh)1
Average electricity rate to off-grid consumers ($/kWh)2
1. Electricity Rates by Province, Ontario Hydro
2. Status of Remote/Off-Grid Communities in Canada, NRCan, 2013 Map courtesy of: www.map-of-canada.org/
86
2 7
1
38
44 28
22 38
26
Report on 292 remote communities in Canada2
85.0
1.6
0.7 12.7
Solid Biofuels
Biogases
Renewable MSW
Liquid Biofuels
% of 500 PJ 25.9
70.3
3.8
Biofuels/Waste
Hydro
Other
% of 1,929 PJ
Share of Primary Energy Production (Canada, 2011)
4
7.6
9.3 1.2
18.0
32.1
34.3
Coal Nuclear
Other Renewables
Oil Natural Gas
% of 10,718 PJ
3000 PJ of residual/waste biomass
and energy crops could be
sustainably harvested annually
(NRC, 2006)
Canada’s Wood Harvest vs Supply
5
66% of the sustainable
harvest
Biomass Availability in Remote Communities
6
Bioenergy in Remote Aboriginal Communities, NRCan, 2016.
About NRC • Annual budget: ~$775M
• Over 4,000 employees and 650 volunteer and independent visitors
• Wide variety of disciplines and broad array of services
and support to industry
IRAP
Research
facilities
7
8
Strategically engaging
the entire value chain
Enablers
• Venture capital
• Business/tech experts
• Incubators
• Regulators
NRC Program Approach & Bioenergy Value Chain
Impact
Market Pull
NRC Investment
• Timely deployment (3-8 years)
• Public and private ROI
• Engage stakeholders along the value chain: long-term commitment and trust
• Co-investment ties success to industry needs
• World class capabilities: national & multidisciplinary
• Focus: fewer, more critical projects
9
Remote Communities
Remote Industry
Cities with MSW
Production
Efficiency
Equipment
Compatibility
Cost
Biofuel Production
Utilization in Power Plants
Feedstock
Conversion
Upgrading
Str
ate
gic
Su
pp
ort
Bioenergy Program Focus
10
• 25 years of expertise in industrial wastewater treatment; conversion of organic
solid wastes, sludge, energy crops and microalgal biomass into biofuel
• Pilot/mobile facilities for testing/optimization of digestion processes
• Laboratory- (soon pilot-) scale facilities for CO2/CH4 separation using proprietary
interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) membranes
• Expertise in catalysis for support of chemical separation
Anaerobic digestion and biogas upgrading
11
• Production equipment for traditional and
advanced pellets including: presses, mixers,
knife mills
• Characterization equipment including: Moisture
analyzer, calorimeter, sulfur and carbon
detection, and thermal analysis
• Experience using novel binders for improving
key characteristics of solid biofuels
• Standardized durability testing methods for
analyzing solid fuels
Solid Biofuel Production and Upgrading
12
Pyrolysis oil upgrading and combustion in turbines
• Analysis of key parameters to evaluate/
improve the suitability of oils for
combustion
• Laser- and optical-based diagnostic tools
for combustion optimization
• Experience with novel combustion
strategies for unconventional fuels
• Long-term material compatibility and
durability testing expertise
Press.(psia) Temp.(K) Flow Rate (lb/sec)
Air 25 ~ 120 Ambient 0.01 ~ 0.3
Fuel 30 ~ 550 Ambient ~
600 5 ~150 (lb/hr)
13
Codes and Standards support
• Small and medium scale gasification systems (< 5 MWth) have a great
potential for distributed CHP
• Gasification has unique safety hazards related to the generation of
toxic and explosive gases
• NRC has significant experience with
small-scale gasification and explosive
gases (including codes and standards)
• Expertise with real-time combustion
analysis and emissions testing
Techno-economic analysis
• Platform to evaluate competing
pathways for biomass-to-
bioenergy options
• Based on a technology
development matrix (TDM) of
key bioenergy conversion
pathways
• Built upon databases
maintained by NRC/partner
organizations
• Access to the multi-disciplinary
teams to address the unique
needs of each project
14
.
15
Data collection and analysis for demonstration support
• NRC has significant experience in health management for aero-propulsion
systems suitable for stationary applications
• Online data collection and management systems
• Elemental analysis of Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Hydrogen and Sulfur
• Suitable for optimization of existing installations
Gasification and CHP Activities
Feedstock
• Processing, characterization
• Unique, environmental liability biomass
Conversion
• Downdraft gasification
• Low tar, optimized, flexible
Upgrading
• Clean-up technologies for tar, PM
• Practical, low cost
Power plant utilization
• Both spark-ignition and dual fuel engine solutions
• Reliable, efficient operation
Containerized gasifier facility
Remote monitoring
Utilization in Power Plants
18
Fuel-flexible (producer gas –diesel
fuel) combustion solution
High efficiency
Retain ability to operate on
diesel fuel to increase
acceptance in remote
communities
Technology is being developed
using single-cylinder diesel
engines (25-75 kW)
Real time combustion analysis to
optimize fuel conversion efficiency
Regulated (HC, CO, PM, NOx) and
unregulated emissions
Waste heat recovery
Caterpillar Fuel-Flexible CI Engine
19 19
Thank you
Jonathan Martin
Program Leader, Bioenergy
Tel: 604-221-3069
Jonathan.Martin@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca
www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/bioenergy
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