Rahinm Tafazolli.pptx [Recovered]Wireless Standards Evolution – 5G Monday, 17 November 2014...

“Always Sufficient”

Professor Rahim TafazolliDirector, Institute for Communication Systems (ICS), 5GIC

University of Surrey, 5GIC

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5GIC’s Mission

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• To become a world-leading centre for multi-disciplinary communications research

• To be a model for collaborations with academic institutions, industry and the community

• To deliver innovative communications solutions in order to generate social and economic value

• To influence future standards and regulation • Service providers• Infrastructure & device manufacturers

• Test equipment vendors• Standardisation bodies• Application & content providers• Industry forums and alliances• Regulators and policy makers• Academia and research centres• SMEs & other solution providers

Leadership

Research

Revenue

IPR

Teaching

GrowthLeadership 5G Services

Wireless Standards Evolution – 5G

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1983 1991 2001 2011 2021 2031

5G

2041

4G – LTE/LTE‐Advanced

3G – WCDMA/HSPA/HSPA +

2G – GSM/GPRS/EDGE

1G ‐ TACS

Next generation Global standard around 2020

Research & Std

Research & Std

Research & Std

Research & Std

Timescale getting shorter between Research/Standardisation and Commercialisation 

Systems tend to co‐exist rather then replace previous generations

What is 5G?

Long Ago, People Danced @ Concerts, Now They Video / Click / Share / Tweet…

Future is about connectivity

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Communications & Control

Towards Digital Economy and Society

Modernisation of ageing industries Transportation Energy Manufacturing Health

Smart Homes, Cities and Countries

Communication Networks

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Becoming Super National Critical Infrastructure

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By connecting the other National Critical Infrastructures

Killer Applications

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The Internet!

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Control- IoT

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Connected Digital Economy

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Connected Devices of small and large sizes and capabilities(robots, cars, sensors, actuators, smart phones ………. driverless cars)

Major functionalities Sensing Data analytics Actuation

Control and Modernisation of other industries

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Still 99% of THINGS are not connected

UK industry benefits of big data

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£ million, 2011–17 (2011 prices)

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Industry 2011 2012–17

Manufacturing 5,965 45,252

Retail 3,406 32,478

Other activities 3,446 27,929

Professional services 3,039 27,649

Central government 2,517 20,405

Healthcare 1,450 14,384

Telecommunications 1,465 13,740

Transport and logistics 1,360 12,417

Retail banking 708 6,408

Energy and utilities 660 5,430

Investment banking 554 5,275

Insurance 517 4,595

UK economy (total) 25,087 215,964

Source: CBER, 2012.

From Data to Information to Intelligence

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Analytics is discovery and communication of meaningful patterns in data which can be translated into useful actions (actuation)

CommunicationsMobile Broadband Cellular Communications 2020+

5G in one sentence“Always Sufficient Rate” to give users the perception of Infinite Capacity

Trends and Drivers--all compared with 2010

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Internet Services Trend

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Richness in Content Internet is getting more complex with rich multi-media content Web pages getting more complex Video and HD

Average file size on the web = 10 MBytesVideo accounts for ~99% of all bytes transferred

Usage Several orders of magnitude

New services Social networks

UK Situation in 2020

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Communications Critical radio spectrum shortage

● SU‐MIMO 2 x 2

● SU‐MIMO 4 x 2

● SU‐MIMO 4 x 4

● SU‐MIMO 8 x 2

● MU‐MIMO 4 x 2 

● MU‐MIMO 8 x 2 

● CS/CB‐CoMP 4 x 2

● CS/CB‐CoMP 8 x 2

● JP‐CoMP 4 x 2

Cellular WiFi- Throughput

Cellular WiFi- Spectral Efficiency

Bandwidth Floor

Traffic demand after  WiFi off load  of :• ~ 6% (case A2) in 2020• ~ 25% (case A3) in 2020

0

5

10

15

20

25

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Gb/s/km

2

Traffic ‐ Case ATraffic ‐ Case CTraffic ‐ Case DTraffic ‐ Case FTraffic case A1 (Low WiFi off load)Traffic case C2 (Low WiFi off load)Traffic case D2 (Low WiFi off load)Trafic case F2 (Low WiFi off load)Traffic case A3 (hHigh WiFi off load)LTE (40 MHz) @50mLTE (40 MHz) @100mLTE (40 MHz) @200mLTE (40 MHz) @300m

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Gb/s/km

2

Traffic ‐ Case DTraffic ‐ Case FTraffic case D2 (Low WiFi off load)Trafic case F2 (Low WiFi off load)LTE (40 MHz) @100mLTE (40 MHz) @200mLTE (40 MHz) @300m

Case A: Working population inner cityCase C: OfficesCase D: PeakCase F: Mean 

ISD (Inter‐site Distance) represents cell densities

Ref: InterDigital‐ Surrey “Vision beyond 2020”

Major Challenges

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Latencies

Reliability

Security/privacy

Energy Efficiency

Capacity

User Profiling

5GIC approach

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Starts from end user QoE (H2H, H2D, D2D)Unlike 2G….4G , designed for end device

Capacity & Energy efficiencies, Latency , ReliabilitySpeed is not the differentiator between 5G and previous generations

Latency e2e and radio access

Spectrum  and system agnosticNo difference between licenced and licenced-exempt bandsBroadcast, Cellular, WiFi technologies(Data, Video, Audio)

5G should start with high density cells macro cells1G….4G started with macrocells small cells

New Air-Interface?

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Ultra Dense Cells Scalable to

Medium and low density cells

From narrow band to broadband services

New Air-Interface and New KPIs

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Objectives ‐NOT link spectral efficiency

Low control signalling overhead for management, 

No stringent time‐frequency control as in OFDMA 

Light MAC protocol

Support fast and reliable spectrum sensing for opportunistic spectrum sharing with and without database support

Highly energy efficient

Flexible implementation of carrier aggregation across highly fragmented spectrum including license‐exempt band

Allow full‐duplex operation

Sub‐millisecond Air‐Interface latency

Scalable for device to device and machine type  communications

Will 5G provide Higher Speed ?

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Main reasons

Low latency: Full utilisation of advanced techniques potentials

QoE: Fast network responses

Fixed & Mobile data rate evolution

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10 kbps

100 kbps

10 Mbps

1 Mbps

100 Mbps

1985 20101990 20001995 2005

2.4k4.8.k

28.8k56k

128k

ADSL 1MbpsADSL 3Mbps

VDSL 25Mbps

FTTH 100Mbps

GPRS 38 kbps 

HSDPA 1Mbps

HSPA 2‐4Mbps

LTE 10‐100 Mbps

3G R9 384k

GSM 9.6 kbps 

Fixed DataMobile Data

HSPA+ 5‐30Mbps

New Radio Access Architectures

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Cooperation converts the distributed cellular system into a MIMO system with distributed antennas

Interference is good

Smaller Cells – Fundamental capacity limits

New Air-Interface and New KPIs

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Objectives ‐NOT link spectral efficiency

Low control signalling overhead for management, 

No stringent time‐frequency control as in OFDMA 

Light MAC protocol

Support fast and reliable spectrum sensing for opportunistic spectrum sharing with and without database support

Highly energy efficient

Flexible implementation of carrier aggregation across highly fragmented spectrum including license‐exempt band

Allow full‐duplex operation

Sub‐millisecond Air‐Interface latency

Scalable for device to device and machine type  communications

New RA Architecture

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Dynamic provisioning of resources

Data and Signalling resources separation

Reduce in signalling

Reduce in energy consumption

Cutting Energy, Cost and RF Emission

Signalling

Today

Deployment for 2020 traffic system

User data

Standby

Separating signalling and data

OffBy saving signalling

5G Targets

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Speed should not be the only target

Targets:

Area Spectral  Efficiency… bits/s/m2

Energy Efficiency…. bits/Joule

Latencies: E2E and Over The Air… 

QoE….?

University of Surrey, 5GIC

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Spectrum 40MHz (2.6,3.4, mmWaveGHz) 

CLOUD

5GIC High Level Technical Activity Roadmap

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Field Trials

2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020

Commercial

Development & Testing

5G Research

3G: Started in 1989, standards in 1999, commercial system in 2001‐20034G: Started in 2000, standards in 2008, commercial in 2010‐20115G: Already started, standards in ~2016  commercial in 2020

StandardisationRel. 12

5GRel. x

WRC15

Large scale  end‐to‐end testbedApril ‘15  (4G Advanced+ 5G)

Testbed Emulators

Performance Evaluation Simulations

Q1 2018,  (5G)

Achievement highlights so far…

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Speed and spectrum efficiency Highest-ever speed wirelessly >800x highest speed in 4G (0.8Tbps) Interference is good

Uniform user experience, all over cell coverage 14x capacity increase at cell edge compared with state-of-the-art technologies

Energy Harvesting No more maximum talk time

Intelligence for“always sufficient”

and QoEUse of Telecom Data

University of Surrey, 5GIC

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