Race-Ethnic Differences in Health and Behavioral Health Risks

Differences in Education, Internet Access, Health Status, and Health-Related Behaviors Among

nonHispanic White, Black, and Latino Members Ages 25-64 and 65-79 in 2008

Race-Ethnic Differences in

Health and Behavioral Health Risks

Restricted to comparisons of nonHispanic Whites, Blacks, and Latinos (Asians are too heterogeneous as a category and not numerous enough in one survey year to develop meaningful estimates)

83.387.4 85.2

63.3

75.681.6

86.181.4

62.667.267.4

74.366

35.842.1

0

20

40

60

80

100

All 25-79 W 25-64 M 25-64 W 65-79 M 65-79

White Black Latino

Percentages of KP-NCal Members Aged 25-79 with At Least Some Formal Post High School Education,

by Race/Ethnicity, 2005

Estimated from the 2005 Kaiser Permanente-NCal Member Health Survey, weighted to the age-gender and geographic composition of the adult membership at the time of the survey.

44.7 45.549.3

26.7

39.4

29.7 31 30.5

21.424.1

27.529.5 28.8

7.1

14.4

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

All 25-79 W 25-64 M 25-64 W 65-79 M 65-79

White Black Latino

Percentages of KP-NCal Members Aged 25-79 Who Were College Graduates,

by Race/Ethnicity, 2005

Estimated from the 2005 Kaiser Permanente-NCal Member Health Survey, weighted to the age, gender, and geographic composition of the membership at the time of the survey.

5.7

8.4

12.4

18.816.4

18

28.5 27.6

11.2

17.8

22.8

28.1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

W 40-64 M 40-64 W 65-79 M 65-79

White Black Latino

Percentages of KP-NCal Members Aged 40-79 Who Had a History of Diabetes, by Race/Ethnicity, 2005

1 Estimated from self-report data from the 2005 Kaiser Permanente-NCal Member Health Survey, weighted to the age-gender and geographic composition of the membership at the time of the survey

23.226.4

56.4 55.1

44.941.6

72.768.5

21.1

32.1

62.5

51.4

0

1020

3040

50

6070

80

W 40-64 M 40-64 W 65-79 M 65-79

White Black Latino

Percentages of KP-NCal Members Aged 40-79Who Had Clinically Diagnosed High Blood Pressure,

by Race/Ethnicity, 2005

Estimated from self-report data from the 2005 Kaiser Permanente-NCal Member Health Survey, weighted to the age-gender, and geographic composition of the membership at the time of the survey

61.2 59.3

39.242

45.6 44.4

24.2 24.4

48.952

32.3 33.2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

W 25-64 M 25-64 W 65-79 M 65-79

White Black Latino

Percentages of KP-NCal Members Aged 25-79Whose Overall Health is Very Good or Excellent,

by Race/Ethnicity, 2005

Estimated from the 2005 Kaiser Permanente-NCal Member Health Survey, weighted to the age-gender and geographic composition of the membership at the time of the survey

10.3 9.4 10 9.3

19

13.4

18.1

7.2

15.6

11.5

16.615

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

W 25-64 M 25-64 W 65-79 M 65-79

White Black Latino

Percentages of KP-NCal Members Aged 25-79 Whose Emotional/Mental Health is Fair or Poor,

by Race/Ethnicity, 2005

Estimated from the 2005 Kaiser Permanente-NCal Member Health Survey, weighted to the age-gender and geographic composition of the membership at the time of the survey.

9.28.3

10

6.9 7.69.3 8.9

10.6

7.3 8

15.5 15

19

8.39.7

8.26.6

10.6

3.6 3.7

0

5

10

15

20

25

All 25-79 W 25-64 M 25-64 W 65-79 M 65-79

All White Black Latino

Percentages of KP-NCal Members Aged 25-79 Who Were Current Smokers, Overall and

by Race/Ethnicity, 2005

Estimated from the 2005 Kaiser Permanente-NCal Member Health Survey, weighted to the age- gender and geographic composition of the adult membership at the time of the survey

26.4 27.2 26.1 26.1 23.8

47.350

33.7

42

24.6

34.9 35.2 35.3 36.9

24.3

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

All 25-79 W 25-64 M 25-64 W 65-79 M 65-79

White Black Latino

Percentages of KP-NCal Members Aged 25-79with BMI ≥ 30, Overall and by Race/Ethnicity, 2005

Estimated using self-reported height and weight data from Kaiser Permanente-NCal Member Health Surveys, weighted to the age-gender-geographic composition of the membership for the survey year.

9.912.1

8.310

6.2

18.9

27.4

9.3

14

5.7

13.5

16.6

11.610.2

5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

All 25-79 W 25-64 M 25-64 W 65-79 M 65-79

White Black Latino

Percentages of KP-NCal Members Aged 25-79with BMI ≥ 35, Overall and by Race/Ethnicity, 2005

Estimated using self-reported height and weight data from Kaiser Permanente-NCal Member Health Surveys, weighted to the age-gender-geographic composition of the membership for the survey year

3.65.1

2.6 2.8

1.3

9.3

14.8

3.2

6.1

0.6

6

8.3

4.3 4

1.4

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

All 25-79 W 25-64 M 25-64 W 65-79 M 65-79

White Black Latino

Percentages of KP-NCal Members Aged 25-79with BMI ≥40, Overall and by Race/Ethnicity, 2005

Estimated using self-reported height and weight data from Kaiser Permanente-NCal Member Health Surveys, weighted to the age-gender-geographic composition of the membership for the survey year

17.8

9.6

19.3

14.6

10

1.7

9.9

3.1

7.1

4.2

7.4

4

0

5

10

15

20

25

White Black Latino

Estimated from the 2005 Kaiser Permanente-NCal Member Health Survey, weighted to the age-gender and geographic composition of the membership at the time of the survey.

Percentages of Kaiser Members Aged 25-79 Who Usually Ate ≥ 5 Servings of Fruit/Vegetables Per Day,

by Race/Ethnicity, 2005

59.3

38.1

62

39.240.8

18.7

41

24.7

38.3

23.8

38.9

26.2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

W 25-64 M 25-64 W 65-79 M 65-79

White Black Latino

Percentages of Kaiser Members Aged 25-79 Who Usually Ate ≥ 3 Servings of Fruit/Vegetables Per Day,

by Race/Ethnicity, 2005

Estimated from the 2005 Kaiser Permanente-NCal Member Health Surveys, weighted to the age-gender and geographic composition of the membership at the time of the survey.

58.263

40.847.4

69.9 67.7

47.343.4

65.569.5

50.6 52.2

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

W 25-64 M 25-64 W 65-79 M 65-79

White Black Latino

Percentages of Kaiser Members Aged 25-79 Who Did Not Usually Try to Eat Reduced Fat Foods,

by Race/Ethnicity, 2005

Estimated from the 2005 Kaiser Permanente-NCal Member Health Survey, weighted to the age-gender and geographic composition of the membership at the time of the survey.

16.7

12.7

16.9

11.5

24.9

16.9

24.5

16.4

22.119.3

24.1

12.3

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

W 25-64 M 25-64 W 65-79 M 65-79

White Black Latino

Estimated from the 2005 Kaiser Permanente-NCal Member Health Survey, weighted to the age-gender and geographic composition of the membership at the time of the survey.

Percentages of Kaiser Members Aged 25-79 Who Got Exercise Less Than Once a Week,

by Race/Ethnicity, 2005

58.264 65.3

72.1

46.3

59.4

46.1

65.5

46

57.752

69

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

W 25-64 M 25-64 W 65-79 M 65-79

White Black Latino

Estimated from the 2005 Kaiser Permanente-NCal Member Health Survey, weighted to the age-gender and geographic composition of the membership at the time of the survey.

Percentages of Kaiser Members Aged 25-79 Who Got Exercise ≥ 3 Times a Week,

by Race/Ethnicity, 2005

25.1 27.122

15.2

44.9 42.747.8

21.7

30.1

35.6

21.725.5

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

W 25-64 M 25-64 W 65-79 M 65-79

White Black Latino

Estimated from the 2005 Kaiser Permanente-NCal Member Health Survey, weighted to the age-gender and geographic composition of the membership at the time of the survey.

Percentages of Kaiser Members Aged 25-79 Who Get <7 Hours of Sleep Per Day,

by Race/Ethnicity, 2005

88.7 91.988

83.2 80.783.2 85.3 83.8

74.3 7177.4

83.175.1

63.4

54.8

0

20

40

60

80

100

All 25-79 W 25-64 M 25-64 W 65-79 M 65-79

White Black Latino

Percentages of KP-NCal Members Aged 25-79 Who Believed that Their Habits/Lifestyle Can Have a

Large Effect on Their Health, by Race/Ethnicity, 2005

Estimated from the 2005 Kaiser Permanente-NCal Member Health Survey, weighted to the age-gender and geographic composition of the membership at the time of the survey.

3.22

3.45.1

6.66.3 5.6 6

9.511.411

7.8

12.5

19

22.1

0

5

10

15

20

25

All 25-79 W 25-64 M 25-64 W 65-79 M 65-79

White Black Latino

Percentages of KP-NCal Members Aged 25-79 Who Believed that Their Habits/Lifestyle Have Little or No

Effect on Their Health, by Race/Ethnicity, 2005

Estimated from the 2005 Kaiser Permanente-NCal Member Health Survey, weighted to the age-gender and geographic composition of the membership at the time of the survey.

85.289.4

85.277.4

71.6

83.6 86.482.2

78.473.574

78.372.5

64

53.3

0

20

40

60

80

100

All 25-79 W 25-64 M 25-64 W 65-79 M 65-79

White Black Latino

Percentages of KP-NCal Members Aged 25-79 Who Believed that Stress/Emotional Troubles (Such as Depression or

Anxiety) Can Have a Large Effect on Their Health, by Race/Ethnicity, 2005

Estimated from the 2005 Kaiser Permanente-NCal Member Health Survey, weighted to the age-gender and geographic composition of the membership at the time of the survey.

5.83.4

5.4

11.1

14.9

9.77.6

11.213.6

15.214.912.2

15.2

24.4

32.3

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

All 25-79 W 25-64 M 25-64 W 65-79 M 65-79

White Black Latino

Percentages of KP-NCal Members Aged 25-79 Who Believed that Stress/Emotional Troubles (Such as Depression or

Anxiety) Have Little or No Effect on Their Health, by Race/Ethnicity, 2005

Estimated from the 2005 Kaiser Permanente-NCal Member Health Survey, weighted to the age-gender and geographic composition of the membership at the time of the survey.

92.2 91.1

77.2 80.974.8

88.8 89.2

59.870.3

59.9

90.8 90.7

76.9 74.667.7

0

20

40

60

80

100

Mam<=2yr41-75

Pap<=3yr25-65

Flu Shot 65-79

Dental<=1yr25-64

Dental<=1yr65-79

WhiteNH Black Latino

Race-Ethnic Differences in Selected Preventive Services, 2005 1

Estimated from the 2005 Kaiser Permanente-NCal Member Health Survey, weighted to the age-gender-geographic composition of the membership at the time of the survey.

Race-Ethnic Differences in Selected CAM Use in Past 12 months, 2005

Prayer or Spiritual Practice ALL WHITE BLACK LATINO

Women 25-64 22.9 % 22.3 % 37.5 % 25.0 %Men 25-64 13.1 % 13.8 % 20.6 % 13.8 %Women 65-79 23.7 % 22.1 % 42.5 % 28.8 %Men 65-79 12.8 % 10.7 % 23.8 % 15.9 %

Chiropractic (M-S Pain)

All 25-64 24.4% 28.7 % 16.5 % 22.9 %All 65-79 12.9% 14.2 % 5.4 % 11.1 %

Glucosamine (Arthritis)

All 25-79 38.0 % 41.7 % 29.4 % 29.8 %

Saw Palmetto (BPH)

Men 55-79 10.2 % 11.6 % 5.1 % 8.0 %

Differences in Education, Health Status, and Health-Related Behaviors Among

nonHispanic White, Black, and Latino Members Ages 25-64 and 65-79,

1996-2008

Internet Access from Home/Other Location, 1999-2008, KP-NCal Members

Ages 25-64 and 65-79, by Race/Ethnicity

72.2

61.2

50.6

25.6

16.5

7

34.3

19.1 17.5

90.2

8278.6

48.6

37.1 35

60.9

42.1

35.8

92.7

85.583.2

58.2

4641.6

68.3

52.5

39.1

94.989.8 90.4

72.3

53.1

43.3

77.3

59.762.7

0

20

40

60

80

100

White M,F25-64

Black M,F25-64

Latino M,F25-64

White F 65-79

Black F 65-79

Latina F 65-79

White M 65-79

Black M 65-79

Latino M 65-79

1999 2002 2005 2008

Estimated from self-report data from Kaiser Permanente-NCal Member Health Surveys, each year weighted to the age-gender and geographic composition of the membership at the time of the survey.

Change in Cigarette Smoking by Race/Ethnicity1993-2008, Ages 25-64 and 65-79

15.9

20.3

12.411.0

14.6

9.3

0

5

10

15

20

25

10.4

17.5

6.76.2 5.84.6

0

5

10

15

20

25

1993

1996

1999

2002

2005

2008

Ages 25-64 Ages 65-79

Estimated from self-report data from Kaiser Permanente-NCal Member Health Surveys, each year weighted to the age-gender and geographic composition of the membership at the time of the survey.

62.9

74.3 76.4

90 88.7

45.9

58.7

67.4

84.7 83.3

48 49.954.2

79.1 80.9

36.2

54.4 55.3

82 83.9

20.6

38.7 37.4

72.879.3

23.928.6 28.1

59.562.6

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100

1996 1999 2002 2005 2008WhiteNH 25-64 Black 25-64 Latino 25-64

White 65-79 Black 65-79 Latino 65-79

Estimated from self-report data from Kaiser Permanente-NCal Member Health Surveys, each year weighted to the age-gender and geographic composition of the membership at the time of the survey.

Race-Ethnic Differences in Percentages of KP-NCal Members Who Believe that Health Practices Can Have a

Large Effect on Health, by Age Group, 1996-2008

63.967.4

87.4 86.1

48.5

55

84.880.5

43.248.2

75.478.3

41.944.6

74.7 75.3

38.9

32.3

76.2 76.5

15.9

25.7

59.3 57.3

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

1999 2002 2005 2008WhiteNH 25-64 Black 25-64 Latino 25-64

White 65-79 Black 65-79 Latino 65-79

Estimated from self-report data from Kaiser Permanente-NCal Member Health Surveys, each year weighted to the age-gender and geographic composition of the membership at the time of the survey.

Race-Ethnic Differences in Percentages of KP-NCal Members Who Believe that Stress and Emotional Troubles (Such as

Depression or Anxiety) Can Have a Large Effect on Health, by Age Group,1999-2008